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Biomedical subjects

M Andreis

Publications and source records attributed to M Andreis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of a new long-acting form of bromocriptine on tumorous hyperprolactinemia.

Recently, a new long-acting form of bromocriptine (Parlodel LA, Sandoz) has been developed and it has already been found to be effective in lowering plasma PRL levels in normal volunteers and postpartum women. This work reports the clinical, hormonal and radiological effects of a single 50 mg dose of long-acting bromocriptine in 10 patients with tumorous hyperprolactinemia (2 microprolactinomas, 6 macroprolactinomas, 1 acromegaly and 1 nonsecreting macroadenoma). A rapid and long-lasting (28 days) normalization of PRL levels was observed in patients with microprolactinoma, acromegaly and nonsecreting adenoma. None of the 6 patients with macroprolactinoma underwent normalization of plasma PRL, but the latter was markedly reduced (61-80% of basal levels). A second injection of the drug in 5 macroprolactinoma patients induced a further reduction of plasma PRL levels in 2 of them. No changes in the tumor size were observed either after the first or the second injection of long-acting bromocriptine in any of the patients. This injectable form of bromocriptine induced nausea and/or mild hypotension lasting a few h in 4 of the 10 patients and was better tolerated than the oral form as regards both the duration and intensity of the side effects. Thus, as this drug has proved to be efficacious and well tolerated by the patients, this long-acting form of bromocriptine may be a valid therapeutical approach for initiating medical treatment of patients with prolactinoma.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1985

[The role of computed tomography of the adrenal glands in endocrine diseases: pheochromocytoma].

The diagnostic reliability of CT in pheochromocytoma was evaluated in 12 symptomatic and 2 asymptomatic patients with a total of 1 bladder and 15 adrenal histologically confirmed tumours. Particular attention is drawn to two cases with bilateral sites (one male child, one woman with Sipple's syndrome) and the detection of possible local and distant malignancy. CT is thus an examination of the first order, since it is noninvasive, specific (no false positives) and able to reveal even small tumours.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[The role of adrenal computerized tomography in endocrinopathies. Cushing's syndrome].

A comparison was made between the adrenal or hypophyseal histology and the CT finding of adrenal glands in 18 Cushing patients in an assessment of CT as a preliminary screening measure prior to hormone studies for the detection of subjects with adrenal tumours, and hence candidates for adrenalectomy. The CT finding were: 8 tumours (7 adenomas and 1 carcinoma), 5 hyperplasia, 5 NAD. All the adrenal tumours (diameter 18-69 mm) were correctly identified. The only distinctive feature of the carcinoma was its size. A CT diagnosis of adrenal tumour can be regarded as conclusive. Pictures indicative of hyperplasia or absence of alterations, however, must be supplemented by hormone tests and (if necessary) CT of the hypophysis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[The role of adrenal computerized tomography in endocrinopathies. Primary hyperaldosteronism].

A review was made of the CT findings in a series of 15 patients with a clinical diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism. An adrenal tumour (diameter 11-68 mm) was observed in 13 cases. No adrenal involvement was noted in the other two. The initial diagnosis was confirmed either histologically or by means of a thorough clinical and instrumental follow-up in all 15 cases. High-resolution CT may thus be proposed as an initial examination in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. Its efficiency is such that venous sampling can be restricted to doubtful or negative cases.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Computed tomography of non-functioning adrenal masses].

Incidental finding of non-functioning adrenal masses is not uncommon in patients undergoing abdominal CT. In a 4-year period, adrenal masses were detected as an accessory finding in 38 patients. The diagnosis was confirmed either histologically or in follow-up studies. This global series consists of 6 adenomas, 4 carcinomas, 1 pheochromocytoma, 1 ganglioneuroma, 23 metastases, 1 lymphoma, 1 histiocytoma, 1 myelolipoma. The Authors point out the parameters for the pathologic assessment of adrenal masses: size, contours and fine-needle biopsy appear to be the most reliable features.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Adrenal tuberculosis in 13 patients with Addison's disease. CT findings].

A series of thirteen cases of adrenal tuberculosis with Addison's disease is presented. At the onset of disease, CT findings consisted of an enlargement of both glands, with peripheral enhancement after contrast medium was injected. The CT differential diagnosis among tubercular, metastatic and amyloidotic etiology was not possible. When the course of the illness was favourable, CT showed a generalized glandular atrophy with calcifications. In two fatal cases, the diagnosis could be made only at post-mortem examination.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Pancreatic needle biopsy guided by ultrasound or CT].

24 patients suspected to have a pancreatic expansive lesion underwent a biopsy with Chiba needle: 15 biopsies were guided by US and 9 by CT. Such series regards lesions having a diameter between 2.5 and 5.5 cm with average values of 4 cm. The results showed high specificity (100%) and satisfactory accuracy (66.6%); complications never set in. The authors prove the clinical utility of this procedure instead of the laparotomy and stress the importance of a strict collaboration between radiologist and cytologist in order to achieve the best results.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Computerized tomography of bladder neoplasms].

A comparison was made between the pelvic CT picture and clinical and instrumental findings in 89 patients with bladder neoplasm. A close critical assessment was also made of CT as a reliable way of determining the TNM stage, and its effective aid in the choice of a therapeutic strategy. The advantages and limits of CT are discussed. The conclusion is drawn that it is of assistance in overall TNM rating, and may sometimes provide useful informations concerning the involvement of surrounding structures. Particularly as far as the choice of radical management is concerned, however, it is prone to by no means negligible staging errors, though these are open to correction in the light of non-radiological criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Tomodensitometric evaluation of retroperitoneal damage caused by translumbar aortography].

23 patients were scanned over the abdomen following translumbar aortography. Retroperitoneal bleeding was smaller than expected and never serious for the patients. The use of computed tomography is considered helpful in the follow-up of patients after translumbar aortography; however it must be restricted only to patients with a previous difficult or traumatic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of the presence of immune complexes in Felty's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis.

Evidence has been found to document the presence of circulating immune complexes in all patients with Felty's syndrome. The sera of all 12 patients studied showed intermediate complexes by analytical ultracentrifugation. The sera of 9 of 12 patients (75%) showed precipitin lines upon immunodiffusion against IgM rheumatoid factor. Both findings were statistically increased above those in a matched group of patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of circulating immune complexes in the sera of the Felty patients was consistent with the observation that large inclusions containing IgG, IgM, and complement were phagocytized by normal polymorphonuclear cells when incubated with sera of Felty patients. Normal polymorphonuclear cells phagocytosed inclusions from 77% of Felty sera, compared with 27% classic rheumatoid arthritis sera. It is suggested that the uptake of immune complexes by polymorphonuclear cells plays a role in the neutropenia of Felty's syndrome.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in rheumatoid pericarditis.

The pericardial effusion in a case of rheumatoid pericarditis was studied to determine whether immune complexes and mediators of cellular immunity, represented by migration inhibitory factor (MIF), were present. MIF-like activity was detected in the pericardial fluid, but only traces of immune complexes were revealed by ultracentrifugation. The MIF-like activity was partially characterized by column fractionation and sugar inhibition tests. The role of lymphokines in the pathogenesis of this case of rheumatoid pericarditis is strongly suggested.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Phagocytosis of immune complexes by polymorphonuclear leucocytes in patients with Felty's syndrome.

The possible role of phagocytosis of circulating immune complexes by neutrophils in the production of the neutropenia of Felty's syndrome has been investigated. Normal neutrophils phagocytosed massive inclusions from the sera from twelve of fifteen patients with Felty's syndrome when incubated with these sera. Such inclusions were phagocytosed from only three of fifteen patients with seropositive RA who did not have Felty's syndrome. Normal neutrophils were more effective than patient neutrophils with regard to phagocytosis of inclusions from the patients' serum suggesting a defect in phagocytic function of Felty's neutrophils. The titre of granulocyte-reactive antinuclear antibodies did not appear to be related to the degree of neutropenia. The data suggest that phagocytosis of circulating immune complexes by neutrophils may interfere with the function of these cells in combating infection and also render them susceptible to removal from the circulation thus leading to the development of neutropenia.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1975

Lymphokines in rheumatoid synovitis.

In antigen-induced experimental arthritis of rabbits, a macrophage migration inhibitory factor was released from the inflamed synovial tissues. A migration inhibitory factor, blastogenic factor, and B-cell-stimulating factor were also found in human rheumatoid synovial fluids and culture supernatants of rheumatoid tissue explants. Joint fluids from patients with inflammatory conditions other than RA sometimes also displayed these activities. OA fluids were usually inactive. At present, little is known of the origin or role in vivo of the lymphokine-like activities observed in the joints of rheumatoid patients. In related experiments, injection of lymphokine-rich antigen-free lymphocyte supernatants into normal rabbit knee joints produced a synovitis characterized by lining layer hyperplasia and infiltration of the sublining layer by macrophages. The lymphocytic and plasmacytic components seen in active antigen-induced synovitis were absent. It seems likely that some of the changes observed in active chronic synovitis are mediated by soluble factors of the lymphokine variety.

Animals↗