Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Ando

Publications and source records attributed to M Ando.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Clinical assessment of sulbactam/cefoperazone in comparison with ceftizoxime in patients with postoperative infections by well controlled method].

The clinical effectiveness in postoperative infections of sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ, (SBT 0.5 g+ CPZ 0.5 g) X 2/day) was compared to that of ceftizoxime (CZX, 1.0 g X 2/day) by a well controlled comparative study, to have the following results. The overall effectiveness rate of SBT/CPZ and CZX as judged by Judgement Committee was 84.0% (63/75) and 80.6% (50/62), respectively, and the effectiveness of SBT/CPZ and CZX as assessed by the attending surgeons was 84.0% (63/75) and 71.0% (44/62), respectively. No significant difference was noted in both assessments. In a total of 36 SBT/CPZ-treated patients with intraabdominal infections, the clinical efficacy was judged by attending surgeons to be excellent in 13 patients (36.1%), and to be excellent or good in 31 (86.1%). In the 30 CZX treated patients, it was judged to be excellent in 6 patients (20.0%), and to be excellent or good in 19 (63.3%). These results presented a significant difference (P less than 0.05, U-test) between the 2 drug groups. The final global improvement ratio judged by attending surgeons was 85.3% (64/75) for SBT/CPZ, and 79.0% (49/62) for CZX with no significant difference. In assessment of time-course improvement, the improvement ratio of SBT/CPZ on day 4 was significantly better than that of CZX (P less than 0.05, U-test). The usefulness rate of SBT/CPZ and CZX was 84.0% (63/75) and 73.0% (46/63), respectively. There was no significant difference between the 2 drug groups. To assess the bacteriological efficacy, the eradication rate of SBT/CPZ was compared to that of CZX. There was no significant difference between 85.7% (36/42) for SBT/CPZ and 73.5% (25/34) for CZX. After SBT/CPZ administration, 2 patients (2.5%) complained of side effects. In the clinical laboratory tests, abnormality related to SBT/CPZ medication was observed in 6 patients (7.5%), and that related to CZX, in 5 patients (6.4%). As to the types of side effects and frequency, no significant difference was observed between SBT/CPZ and CZX. It is concluded from the above assessments that SBT/CPZ is a useful drug in the treatment of post-operative infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Studies on the effects of various types of surgery on electrical and contractile activities of the canine stomach.

In order to clarify the gastric electrical and contractile activity after various types of surgery, 32 mongrel dogs equipped with bipolar electrodes on the anterior wall of the stomach underwent various types of operations. The basic electric rhythm (BER) frequency after middle segmental gastrectomy (MSG) with SPV was markedly reduced, but gradually returned to show synchronization with that of the preoperative value. The propagation velocity of the BER decreased. Dysrhythmias were observed to occur in high incidence in the early postoperative period, but were transient occurrences. High-frequency-dysrhythmias were observed in cases of MSG with pyloroplasty (PP). PP increased the frequency of dysrhythmias probably due to deranging the electric insulator of the pyloric ring. In cases of upper segmental gastrectomy, the BER frequency didn't synchronize with that of the preoperative state even in the late postoperative period. The gastric motility after MSG with SPV recovered in the late postoperative period, so the pyloric ring could be preserved. After massive distal small bowel resection, propagation velocity of the BER of the stomach were markedly decreased. Of the 5 gut hormones examined, only CCK correlated with the propagation velocity of the BER.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Study on transfer of aztreonam into female genital organs].

Aztreonam (AZT) is a newly developed beta-lactam antibiotic for use of intravenous injection. It is the first drug in the world of monobactam series with the structural characteristic of monocyclic beta-lactam. The antimicrobial spectrum of AZT is unique, having little or no susceptibility against Gram-positive organisms and anaerobes, but showing high susceptibility against aerobic Gram-negative rods including Pseudomonas. One gram of AZT was given intravenously to 32 patients prior to abdominal total hysterectomy for uterine myoma. Bilateral uterine arteries were clamped at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 or 12 hours after administration, and serum samples and uterine tissues were taken for the measurement of AZT concentration by bioassay method. Little difference was found in the serum concentration between cubital venous and uterine arterial serum, the half-lives of both being 2.11 hours. The initial concentrations were estimated to be 68.0 micrograms/ml and 63.9 micrograms/ml, respectively. While the peak concentrations of the portio vaginalis, cervix uteri, myometrium and oviduct were obtained at about 10 minutes, those of the endometrium and ovary were at 18.2 minutes and 31.3 minutes, respectively. They were as follows; the portio vaginalis 50.0 micrograms/g, the cervix uteri 43.6 micrograms/g, the myometrium 29.8 micrograms/g, the oviduct 44.7 micrograms/g, the endometrium 27.3 micrograms/g, the ovary 29.0 micrograms/g. After showing peak, tissue levels were kept fairly high up to 3 hours, then decreased gradually as time passed up to approximately 8 hours. Judging from its favorable transfer into the uterine tissues and MICs against main clinical isolates in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, AZT is evaluated to be clinically useful in the treatment of obstetrical and gynecological infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic evaluations of 36 surgical patients confirmed by noninvasive technique, mainly by two-dimensional echocardiography].

In 1983, 290 patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) underwent surgery at our institute. Among them, 36 (12%) had no preoperative catheterization or angiography. These 36 patients were categorized as group I consisting of 12 patients less than two months of age and group II consisting of 18 patients more than one year of age. The diagnosis was accurate in 34 of the 36 patients (94%). Assessment by two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) was incomplete for two patients. A secundum atrial septal defect in one patient diagnosed by 2-DE, proved at surgery to be a sinus venosus type atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Another patient was diagnosed as having tetralogy of Fallot with the absent pulmonary valve by 2-DE, but anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta was also found at surgery. There were 25 operations in patients less than two months of age, and 12 (48%) of them had surgery without catheterization (Group I). Most patients in Group I were less than two weeks of age (nine patients) and six of these were operated without catheterization (pure pulmonary atresia: 2, total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: 2, interruption of the aorta: 1, tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve: 1). Another two cases had surgery after only radial artery retrograde aortic arch visualization, then, preoperative intracardiac catheterization was avoided in eight (89%) of the nine patients. Atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) patients, 25% and 69% of the cases, respectively, were operated on without catheterization. In conclusion, we can better maintain the general condition of critically-ill neonates and infants in surgery, when prompt and accurate 2-DE diagnoses are made for typical cases without catheterization and angiography. In older children of uncomplicated ASD or PDA with typical physical findings, we can avoid catheterization before surgery. If, however, information is insufficient for deciding surgery, we should carry out invasive examinations without hesitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Study on the transfer of cefminox into female genital organs].

One gram of cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was injected intravenously to a total of 29 patients prior to abdominal total hysterectomy and drug levels in the uterine and adnexal tissues were bioassayed. Serum samples and uterine tissues were taken at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 or 6 hours after the administration, when bilateral uterine arteries were clamped. As to serum levels no difference has seen between cubital venous serum and uterine arterial serum, the half-lives being 2.32 hours and 2.22 hours, respectively. The peak level was 66.7 micrograms/ml for both. The drug level in tissues reached its peak at 15 minutes in the myometrium and cervix uteri, at 30 minutes in the endometrium, portio vaginalis and oviduct and at 1 hour in the ovary. The mean peak level was the highest for the oviduct (55.3 micrograms/g), followed by the portio vaginalis (47.7 micrograms/g), the cervix uteri (46.2 micrograms/g), the myometrium (42.8 micrograms/g), the ovary (37.3 micrograms/g) and the endometrium (34.2 micrograms/g) in this order. After reached the highest levels, the tissue levels decreased gradually in the same manner as the serum levels. From these results it was shown that CMNX is well transferred into various female genital tissues to achieve concentrations higher than MICs for organisms isolated clinically with high incidences in the field of gynecology and obstetrics. It was assumed from these results that CMNX is clinically useful enough in the treatment of genital organ infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of metastatic carcinoma of the spermatic cord due to cholangioma].

Tumor in the spermatic cord is infrequent. Further, among such cases, it is extremely rare to encounter a carcinoma other than a nonepithelial malignant tumor; almost all are metastatic tumors. We recently experienced an interesting case of spermatic cord tumor in a 78-year-old male. He entered our hospital with the chief complaint of a right inguinal tumor. He underwent 2 operations to excise the tumor. The extirpated tumor mass from the right spermatic cord was composed of adenocarcinoma with abundant fibrous stroma, which is considered to be metastasis from the other viscerae. We were unable to find the primary focus in spite of extensive clinical and pathological examinations. In an autopsy about four months after the 2nd operation, the tumor was confirmed to be primary intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, which is called cholangioma. There have been only 20 cases of metastatic spermatic cord tumor reported in Japan. However, we considered that this is the 1st case caused by cholangioma in Japan and even in other countries.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Adenocarcinoma arising in a bronchial cyst of the mediastinum].

A 39 year-old man with a mediastinal tumor was operated on. After the median sternotomy incision, a mediastinal cyst, which was connected to the right pulmonary hilus with a string, was found. The microscopic examination of the cyst revealed a bronchial cyst with ciliated columunar epithelium and muscle fibers. Adenocarcinoma was found in the mucosa of the cyst. This patient seemed to be the first reported instance of carcinoma in a mediastinal bronchial cyst.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Chinese hamster ovary cell variants resistant to monensin, an ionophoric antibiotic. I. Isolation and altered endocytosis of ricin.

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell variants resistant to a carboxylic ionophore, monensin, have been isolated. Two monensin-resistant variants (MonR-31 and MonR-32) showed a three- to fourfold higher resistance to monensin than did CHO. These MonR clones also showed fourfold higher resistance to another carboxylic ionophore, nigericin, and twofold higher resistance to valinomycin. They were also slightly more resistant to other unrelated drugs such as adriamycin, colchicine, bleomycin, and chloroquine, and in particular, they showed about threefold higher resistance to ricin, a toxin of Ricinus communis. MonR clones were found to retain a normal level of [125I]ricin binding, but internalization of [125I]ricin into the MonR clones was one-half or less than with CHO. Present data suggest that drug-resistant clones selected in culture may provide a way to isolate cells with altered response to various bioactive molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cytogenetic studies of familial Prader-Willi syndrome.

A family in which two first cousins were found to have the Prader-Willi syndrome was investigated cytogenetically. Although G-banding analysis of metaphase chromosomes failed to demonstrate abnormality, close analyses on the fine prometaphase bands by G-banding and the DA-DAPI bands by double stainings revealed a distinct chromosome abnormality in this family. A reciprocal translocation, rcp(14;15)(q11.2;q13), was detected in three family members: the mother, the maternal grandmother, and a maternal uncle of the proband. And, the proband and one of the first cousins had an unbalanced translocation that was derived from their carrier parents. The karyotypes of the affected cousins were determined as 46,XY or XX,-15, + der(14),rcp(14;15)(q11.2;q13). Therefore, they were considered to have an identical cytogenetic abnormality: a partial trisomy of the 14pter leads to q11.2 segment and a partial monosomy of the 15pter leads to q13 segment. Detailed clinical features of the proband and his affected cousin are described, main features associated with the Prader-Willi syndrome having been observed in both cousins. These observations support a definite relationship between the Prader-Willi syndrome and chromosome 15.

Body Height↗
PubMed1984

Effects of various kinds of stimulation on ornithine decarboxylase activity in superior cervical sympathetic and nodose ganglia of rats.

Levels of cyclic nucleotides and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity were examined following the application of various kinds of stimuli to superior cervical sympathetic ganglia (SCG), nodose ganglia, and vagus nerve fibers excised from the rat. The level of cyclic GMP in the SCG rose rapidly to about 4.5- to 7.5-fold the unstimulated control with 10 min of incubation after applications of preganglionic electrical stimulation (10 Hz), acetylcholine (ACh; 1 mM), or high extracellular K+ ( [K+]0, 70 mM). The cyclic GMP level in nodose ganglia was increased less than in the SCG by either ACh or high [K+]0 but was not affected by ACh in vagus fibers. Cyclic AMP in the SCG was also increased about 4- to 5.5-fold over the control within 10 min with the addition of ACh, norepinephrine (NE; 0.05 mM), or high [K+]0. Although NE caused a small increase in cyclic AMP, neither ACh nor high [K+]0 produced any appreciable change in nodose ganglia or vagus fibers. The ODC activity in the SCG was increased by preganglionic stimulation of 3- to 4-hr duration but not by a shorter period. A similar change in ODC activity was caused by the addition of oxotremorine (1 mM), isoproterenol (0.1 mM), NE, cyclic AMP (1 mM), or dibutyryl cyclic GMP (1 mM). The effect was exaggerated by the further addition of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. The increase in ODC activity caused by ACh was abolished by a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, atropine (0.01 mM), and following axotomy for a week, but not by a nicotinic antagonist or by denervation in the SCG. A similar increase in ganglionic ODC activity by NE was inhibited by an adrenergic blocker, propranolol (0.01 mM), and following axtotomy for a week, but not by denervation. Cholinergic or adrenergic stimulation did not cause an increase in ODC activity in nodose ganglia or vagus fibers. These results suggest that the stimulation-induced increase in ODC activity occurs in postganglionic neurons rather than in satellite glial cells and is mediated by muscarinic cholinergic or adrenergic receptors. The process appears to involve cyclic nucleotide-mediated protein biosynthesis in the SCG.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Natural history of subarterial infundibular ventricular septal defect.

Development of aortic valvular deformities was studied retrospectively in 395 inpatients with subarterial infundibular ventricular septal defect (siVSD). Aortic valvular deformities included prolapse into siVSD without aortic regurgitation (77 patients), prolapse and aortic regurgitation (95 patients), and aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva (36 patients). No aortic valvular deformity was found in 187 patients, and 111 of these 187 patients had associated pulmonary hypertension. Prolapse and regurgitation of the aortic valve developed most frequently at the age 5 to 8 years. Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva was not found before the age of 10 years but began to develop during the teens and was diagnosed most frequently in the twenties. Patients with pulmonary hypertension did not develop aortic valvular deformities except in one instance. All inpatients with siVSD and without pulmonary hypertension over the age of 30 years had developed some aortic valvular deformities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Multiple regression analysis of the cholinesterase activity with certain physiochemical factors.

Nineteen hundred sixteen agricultural workers who have been living in a rural area in central Japan were studied. Their age, blood pressure, Broca index, hemoglobin content, serum total cholesterol, and activity of serum cholinesterase and transaminase (GOT and GPT) were determined. The relation between the cholinesterase activity and certain physiochemical factors of the subjects was studied. Cholinesterase activity (ChE) is related to certain factors such as age, hemoglobin content (Hb), serum total cholesterol (TCh), transaminase activity (GPT), and Broca index (BI). A multiple regression equation exists between the cholinesterase activity and these factors: ln ChE = a (age) + b (Hb2) + c X ln GPT + d X ln TCh + e BI + f, where a, b, c, d, e, and f are constants. The estimated value of cholinesterase activity agrees with its measured activity. The partial correlation coefficients of the equation can be classified into the following three classes: (1) The partial correlation coefficients of total cholesterol and Broca index are nearly constant without distinction of sex and season. (2) The coefficient of hemoglobin content has a small seasonal and sexual difference. (3) The coefficients of age and GPT have a great seasonal and sexual difference. Using the equation, the most probable value of cholinesterase activity can be estimated. Therefore, the significant changes of its activity may be attributed to the toxic effects of insecticides or the abnormality of liver function.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Latissimus dorsi transplantation to restore elbow flexion to the paralysed limb.

In two patients with flexor paralysis of the elbow due to a lesion of the brachial plexus, the entire latissimus dorsi muscle was transplanted to act as an elbow flexor, preserving its neurovascular pedicle. This flexorplasty proved useful for patients who had suffered a traction lesion of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus.

Adult↗