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Biomedical subjects

M Ando

Publications and source records attributed to M Ando.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Autologous reconstruction of pulmonary trunk at reoperation after extracardiac conduit repair.

Between 1991 and 1993, 5 patients underwent reoperation for critical stenosis of extracardiac conduit. Indication for extracardiac conduit repair was pulmonary truncal atresia in 3 patients and coronary anomaly including single left coronary artery and left anterior descending artery from right coronary artery in 2 patients. Age at reoperation ranged from 8 to 23 years (mean, 16.2 years). Preoperative systolic pressure ratio of right to left ventricles ranged from 0.83 to 1.05 (mean, 0.93), with the pressure gradient across the conduit ranging from 52 to 100 mm Hg (mean, 74.4 mm Hg). At reoperation, stenotic conduit was completely removed and central pulmonary artery was extensively mobilized. In 4 patients who had a relatively short distance (15 to 25 mm) between the pulmonary arterial stump and the right ventriculotomy incision, the distal pulmonary arterial stump was anastomosed directly to the cranial margin of the right ventriculotomy incision to serve as a floor mode of autologous tissue. In 1 patient with a long distance (40 mm), right ventricular-pulmonary arterial continuity was restored with a tailored autologous pericardial tube. There were no early or late deaths. Postoperative catheterization study revealed a satisfactory reduction of right ventricular pressure with the systolic pressure ratio ranging from 0.42 to 0.51 (mean, 0.47) and the pressure gradient across the right ventricular outflow tract ranged within 13 mm Hg (mean, 5 mm Hg). Restoration of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial continuity was successfully achieved by introducing the concept of autologous tissue repair even at reoperation instead of the insertion of new extracardiac conduit in patients with tetralogy of Fallot after extracardiac conduit repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

PCR and immunocytochemical analyses of dystrophin-positive fibers in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Immunocytochemical studies on serial sections of muscles from 19 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were done using seven kinds of antidystrophin antibodies that span dystrophin. Fifteen of the patients were screened for intragenic deletions by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR); 7 were also tested, using Southern blots. Dystrophin-positive fibers were detected in 10 of the 19 patients, occurring with a frequency of 0.06-75.7%, as clusters or as single fibers in certain muscle bundles. In 7 of the 10 patients, the fibers stained with all antibodies from the N- through the C-terminal region. However, in one patient, there were dystrophin-positive fibers that stained with an N-terminal antibody (DYS-3) and an antibody specific to the rod region (DYS-1), but not with C-terminal antibody (DYS-2). In 2 patients, there were two kinds of fibers: one that did not stain with DYS-1 or DYS-2 and another that stained with all the antibodies used. Single-fiber PCR analysis in 2 patients showed that the genotype of dystrophin-positive fibers differed from that of dystrophin-negative fibers. These results suggest that the majority of dystrophin-positive fibers are of the same clonal origin, but that some are derived from plural reverse mutations, each with a different translation-frame-repairing modality and somatic mosaicism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA): clinical, genetic, and neuroradiologic studies in a family.

The clinical, genetic, and neuroradiologic characteristics of dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) are delineated in six patients from three generations of a Japanese family. The clinical characteristics of the disease varied, the age at onset depending on patients with juvenile-onset were characterized by myoclonus, epilepsy, and mental retardation whereas cerebellar ataxia, choreoathetosis, and dementia were typical of adult- and senile-onset patients. All affected individuals showed one expanded allele with the repeat number of CAG at the DRPLA locus, ranging from 58 to 82, and a normal allele, ranging from 10 to 21. The most severely affected patient, a case of maternal transmission and with the largest allele, became bedridden in a vegetative state by age 12. On the CT and MRI, varying degrees of brain atrophy were present in all patients. T2-weighted MRI in patients with senile-onset showed symmetric high-signal lesions in the cerebral white matter, globus pallidus, thalamus, midbrain, and pons. However, MRI in younger patients revealed no such lesions and CT failed to demonstrate lesions in the globus pallidus and brain stem. Thus, intrafamilial heterogeneity of DRPLA was also evident on MRI. High-signal lesions involving both, subcortical white matter and thalamus may be characteristics of senile-onset patients and may correlate with their dementia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis: clinical manifestations and histochemical studies.

A 40-year-old male developed complete absence of sweating except for slight sweating in the axillar region. Histopathologic examination of the skin revealed lymphocytes infiltration around the sweat glands and coarse and irregular arrangement of the eccrine glands. Immunohistochemical staining using anti-CD3, CD4, and CD8 antibodies revealed that CD3 positive cells were dominant in the lesion. After intensive glucocorticoid treatment, generalized sweating was almost completely recovered.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Induction of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes by chlornitrofen (CNP) and CNP-amino in rats and mice.

The induction of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes by chlornitrofen (CNP) and CNP-amino was studied in the liver of male rats and mice. CNP-amino increased the activities of 7-pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD) and 7-benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase (BROD) as CYP2B1-dependent monooxygenase 3.6- and 4.1-fold in rats. On the contrary, these enzyme activities in mice were induced by CNP rather than by CNP-amino. Furthermore, immunoblotting showed that the protein levels of CYP2B subfamily cytochrome P450 (P450) in liver microsomes of rats and mice were increased by CNP or CNP-amino. Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes, UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels in mice were also significantly increased from 1.4 to 2.5-fold by CNP or CNP-amino. However, neither CNP nor CNP-amino affected UGT and GST in rats. These results suggest that CNP and or CNP-amino induce the P450 isoforms of CYP2B subfamily in the rat and mouse liver, and that the inducibility of drug-metabolizing enzyme by the compounds is different between rats and mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Possible involvement of nitric oxide in carbachol-induced activation of transglutaminase in rat superior cervical sympathetic ganglia.

The addition of a muscarinic agonist, carbachol (Carb, 0.1 mM), to a physiological medium markedly increased Ca(2+)-dependent transglutaminase (TG) activity (approximately 10-fold) in isolated rat superior cervical sympathetic ganglia (SCG) following in vitro aerobic incubation for 30 min at 37 degrees C. The Carb-evoked stimulation of ganglionic TG activity was considerably reduced (-51%) in the presence of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 50 microM), a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. While the suppressant effect of L-NMMA was completely eliminated by the addition of an excess concentration of L-arginine (0.5 mM), a precursor of NO. These observations imply that Carb-induced TG activation possibly involves NO mediation in SCG tissue. The Carb-induced elevation in ganglionic TG activity was markedly reduced (-84%) at as early as 15 min of incubation in the medium containing hemoglobin (Hb) (20 microM), an agent that scavenges only extracellular NO gas. Thus, it is evident that a large fraction of NO released from inside the neuronal cells to extracellular space could rapidly diffuse back into the same group of cells to induce activation of the tissue TG. Methylene blue (MB), an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (GC), at 0.5 mM, a concentration which is effective in almost abolishing the Carb-evoked synthesis of cyclic GMP (cGMP), had no effect on ganglionic TG activation induced by Carb. Therefore, an increase in cGMP synthesis mediated by NO might not participate in NO-dependent ganglionic TG activation following the stimulation with Carb.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Ion channels in basolateral membrane of marginal cells dissociated from gerbil stria vascularis.

The basolateral membrane of isolated strial marginal cells has been probed for conductive pathways by the patch-clamp technique. Two types of voltage-insensitive channels were identified in both cell-attached and excised patches. Of these, frequently (69% of excised patches) observed was a Ca(2+)-activated nonselective cation channel having a unit conductance of 24.9 +/- 0.5 pS (N = 16). Other characteristics of this type in excised patches include: 1) linear I-V relations with 150 mM K+ (pipette)/150 mM Na+ (bath), 2) a permeability sequence of NH4+ > Na+ = K+ = Rb+ > Li+, 3) a flickering block by quinine or quinidine (both 1 mM), and 4) a dose dependent block of its activity by ADP or ATP (IC50,ATP/IC50,ADP = 20-35), both from the cytosolic side. Channels with similar characteristics were found in the apical membrane of the same cell; however, the basolateral channels were 2-4 times more densely distributed than the apical counterparts. Also frequently (57%) detected was a Cl- channel of 80.0 +/- 0.5 pS (N = 6), whose activity was Ca2+ independent. Additionally, this Cl- channel had: 1) linear I-V relations with symmetric Cl-, 2) a permeability sequence of Cl- > Br- > I- > or = NO3- > or = gluconate-, and 3) a complete and reversible block by 1 mM diphenylamine-2-carboxylate. In contrast to the apical Cl- channels, the basolateral ones had a much higher density (57% vs. < 1%) as well as a higher unit conductance (80 pS vs. 50 pS) than the apical counterpart. The relative abundance of these two types as the major conductive pathways for Na+, K+, and Cl- in the basolateral region must be taken into account when addressing the role of strial marginal cells in generating the positive endocochlear potential. The Cl- channel may facilitate Cl- distribution across the basolateral membrane.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1995

Traumatic rupture of the extensor tendons at the musculotendinous junction.

Ten cases of closed extensor tendon rupture at the musculotendinous junction are reported. In five patients the rupture occurred at work, and in five during athletic activities. In each instance, indirect tendon injury resulted from a strong stretching force applied to a contracting muscle. In one case, rupture of the extensor pollicis longus tendon occurred proximal to the extensor retinaculum. In eight cases of complete tendon rupture direct repair was impossible. Of these eight patients, five were treated by side-to-side juncture and three by tendon transfer. Two patients with incomplete rupture were treated by splinting. All patients improved after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Surgical strategies in managing organ malperfusion as a complication of aortic dissection.

Between December 1978 and March 1994, 48 of 312 patients who underwent surgery for aortic dissection were diagnosed with major vascular complications. There were 18 patients with type A dissection and 30 patients with type B. In 23 patients with acute dissection, the site of vascular obstruction was the abdominal aorta in 12 patients, brachiocephalic artery in 7, iliac artery in 4, left common carotid artery in 3 and thoracic aorta in 2. In 26 patients with chronic dissection, the site of vascular obstruction was the abdominal aorta in 13 patients, brachiocephalic artery in 10, renal artery in 5, iliac artery in 4, superior mesenteric artery in 2, left common carotid artery in 2 and celiac artery in 1. Fifteen patients underwent proximal repair of the aorta during the acute stage, including the ascending aorta in 6 patients, from ascending aorta to arch in 7, arch to descending aorta in 1, thoracoabdominal aorta in 1, and entry closure in 1. In the acute stage, eight patients had palliative surgery, including aortic fenestration in four patients, axillo-femoral bypass in two, cross-over bypass to the iliac or femoral artery in one, bypass to superior mesenteric artery in one, bypass to the renal artery in one, and ileum resection in one. During the chronic phase, seven patients with type B dissection, who had malperfused unilateral renal artery, underwent proximal aortic repair.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Two-dimensional intravenous coronary arteriography using above-K-edge monochromatic synchrotron X-ray.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: For intravenous (i.v.) coronary arteriography, a real-time two-dimensional (2D) imaging system is being developed using above-K-edge monochromatic X-rays alone. The potential diagnostic value of this system was examined in the current study. METHODS: The angiographic system consisted of an asymmetric silicon (311) monocrystal, an image intensifier, and a charged-coupled device camera. It was constructed at the beam line of the Tristan Accumulation Ring. Monochromatic X-rays of 33.32 keV were used, and each image was recorded over 2 msec. RESULTS: Ventricular wall motion and the anatomy of the coronary arteries could be seen in dogs by sequential images obtained without subtraction. The left anterior descending coronary artery, left circumflex coronary artery, and right coronary artery and the branches of these vessels were observed. The parts of the coronary arteries overlapping the aorta and left ventricle were revealed somewhat during washout of the contrast material. CONCLUSION: For a 2D imaging system, monochromatic i.v. coronary angiography using an energy above the iodine K-edge might be able to image the coronary arteries without subtraction. However, the image quality needs to be improved by increasing the X-ray flux, decreasing background radiation scatter from the object, and decreasing contamination with 99-keV X-rays.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

A high cervical intradural extramedullary bronchogenic cyst. Case report.

This article describes a 16-year-old male patient, otherwise healthy, with intractable suboccipital pain due to an intradural, extramedullary bronchogenic cyst at C1 level. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed an extramedullary cystic lesion on the right anterolateral side of the spinal cord at C1 level. No other vertebral, spinal cord, or cutaneous abnormality was associated. The patient underwent posterolateral resection of the C1 bony ring on the right side, followed by complete removal of a cyst microsurgically. Histology suggested that the mass, with its contents of slightly viscous and opaque liquid, was an atypical form of bronchogenic cyst with abundant pseudostratified ciliated epithelial cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Neurologic features of chronic minamata disease (organic mercury poisoning) and incidence of complications with aging.

To elucidate the neurologic features of chronic Minamata disease, and the incidence of complications with aging, we studied 80 patients with documented Minamata disease (organic mercury poisoning) from 1986 to 1994 (mean age: 63 years). Of the cardinal neurologic findings, sensory impairment was seen with highest frequency in 98.8% of patients limited to the extremities in 86.3%. Impairment of lower extremity coordination was observed in 60%, constriction of the visual field in 51.9%, and retrocochlear hearing loss in 41%. To assess age-related complications, patients were separated into three groups by age: Group I (10 to 39 years); Group II (40 to 69 years); Group III (> or = 70 years). The incidences of hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases, organic ophthalmologic disorders (including cataracts), presbyacusis, and cervical spondylosis deformans increased significantly with age. Compared with a preceding survey (1981 to 1985, 171 patients, mean age: 63.5 years), the incidences of complicated hypertension and cataracts had decreased, whereas those of cerebrovascular disease and retinitis pigmentosa remained unchanged. The incidences of abnormal brain computed tomography (CT), presbyacusis, cervical spondylosis deformans, and positive tests for urine sugar also increased. The incidences of these complications other than retinitis pigmentosa were similar to those in the general population. These results accurately reflect the recent epidemiological disease tendencies in Japan toward a decreased incidence of hypertension and an increased incidence of diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Purification and characterization of the serotype-specific polysaccharide antigen of Trichosporon cutaneum serotype II: a disease-related antigen of Japanese summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (SHP) is a unique type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and the most prevalent in Japan. Our previous study clarified that the causative agent of the disease is Trichosporon cutaneum, and that the patients with SHP have high titres of antibodies against the serotype-specific antigen of polysaccharide nature which exist in the high molecular weight fraction of the culture supernatant of the yeast. In this study, we purified the serotype-specific antigen of serotype II T. cutaneum by gel filtration and affinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody, D-8, specific for a high molecular weight antigen of serotype II T. cutaneum, and elucidated the structure of the antigen. This affinity-purified antigen was shown to be an essentially acidic polysaccharide comprising mannose, xylose, and glucuronic acid (6:44:4.7). Chemical analysis showed that this polysaccharide antigen contains a (1-3)-linked mannan backbone attached with short side chains of (1-4)-linked mannose and a small proportion of (1-2)-linked xylose residues by substituting the 2- or 4-positions of the (1-3)-linked mannose residues of the main chain. Approximately one-fifth of the side chains were terminated with glucuronic acid residues. The antigenic epitope of the serotype-specific antigen was shown to involve the terminal glucoronic acid residues as revealed by immunodiffusion test and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibody D-8.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1995

Genetic abnormalities and pathogenesis of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.

Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) is an autosomal inherited disease, characterized by extracellular amyloid deposits and by peripheral neuropathy. Amyloid fibrils derived from most types of FAP consist of variant transthyretin (TTR) with single amino acid substitutions, and methionine 30 TTR is the most common variant TTR. TTR is mainly produced in the liver and the choroid plexus. Biochemical and molecular biological techniques have been revealing the amyloidogenicity of variant TTR in vitro and in vivo using the transgenic mouse as a model. It will be important for the development of effective therapy to find out the factors, other than variant TTR, which affect amyloid deposition and define the tissue specificity of amyloid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with a single coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery.

A newborn male infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome due to mitral and aortic atresia died on the third day of life. Autopsy revealed a single coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery, reversed coarctation of the aorta, a coronary sinus type atrial septal defect and stenosis of the left subclavian artery. To our knowledge, hypoplastic left heart syndrome associated with a single coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery has never been reported in the English or Japanese literature. This may be the first such case.

Coronary Vessel Anomalies↗
PubMed1995

Headache associated with aseptic meningeal reaction as clinical onset of Fabry's disease.

This report concerns an 18-year-old boy who is hemizygote for Fabry's disease. Varying degrees of nonpulsating headache crises, lasting from a few hours to several days, began when he was 16 years of age. Painful crises in the extremities, characteristic of Fabry's disease, were not present. Although only occasional, he had several episodes of throbbing headache with vomiting without aura. The meningeal signs were equivocal, although the patient had noninfectious pleocytosis, intracranial hypertension, delayed radioisotope clearance on cisternography, and multiple old cerebral infarcts. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, carbamazepine, and glycerol were of no benefit for his headache. Although its mode of action remains obscure, prednisolone was effective for treating the headache and the aseptic meningeal reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

An unruptured aneurysm in the right sinus of Valsalva presenting as coronary insufficiency.

A giant aneurysm in the right sinus of Valsalva compressed the right coronary artery and caused angina pectoris in a 44-year-old man. Surgical correction consisted of obliterating the orifice of the aneurysm with a Dacron patch and relocating the right coronary artery. Postoperative angiography demonstrated excellent results. Pathological study demonstrated the absence of normal elastic fibers in the media of the aneurysm.

Adult↗