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Biomedical subjects

M Ando

Publications and source records attributed to M Ando.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Judgments of emotion by nurses and students given double-bind information on a patient's tone of voice and message content.

We examined the communication process in a situation typical of the nursing setting by use of a double-bind communication. Our objective was to examine which of two cues in communications from a patient, tone of voice or verbal content, was more important in judging the speaker's emotional status and personality traits and in arousing the listening nurse's emotions. Subjects were 82 nurses who worked at the university hospital and 100 students who were studying at the Faculty of Nursing of the university. They were assigned into four groups at random, presented professionally tape-recorded scripts representing a patient's verbal report, and then completed a questionnaire concerning the speaker's emotional status as well as the listener's own emotional status. When the listeners judged the speaker's emotional status, they gave more attention to a negative emotional expression, and when the listeners formed an impression of the speaker's personality traits, they were influenced by the speaker's tone of voice rather than by the content of the speech.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Differences in recognition and impressions of animate and inanimate objects in which features are deleted or added.

In the present study whether adults recognized features added to or deleted from an original pictures (asymmetric effects) when both animate and inanimate objects were presented together as stimuli, whether there was a difference in recognition between animate objects (butterflies and cats) and inanimate objects (artificial objects) and whether types of changes affected impression of pictures and impression predicted recognition were investigated. Ratings of Recognition and Impression were obtained. Analysis showed that adults discovered added features more accurately than deleted features in pictures of artificial objects, discovered deleted features more accurately than added features in pictures of cats, and there was no asymmetry of recognition in pictures of butterflies. There was difference in confidence ratings of recognition between animate and inanimate objects but no difference between them in percentage of correct recognition. Types of changes affected Impression ratings in all three types of objects. Moreover, Impression ratings predicted confidence ratings of pictures of cats and artificial objects but did not in pictures of butterflies. These results showed that asymmetry of recognition of addition and deletion is affected by the number of objects and whether they are animate or inanimate. Asymmetric recognition of additions vs deletions was sometimes mediated by Impression, both when one type of object was presented and when multiple types of objects were presented together.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Adults' and children's recognition of items added to or deleted from scenes: salience, complexity, and unnaturalness.

Adults' and children's recognition of additions to or deletions from scenes and variables affecting recognition of the salience, complexity, and unnaturalness of the alterations were studied. Stimuli were 8 pictures. Features were added to half of them, and features deleted from the other half. In another set of stimuli, the opposite types of alterations were made to the two groups of photographs. Subjects were shown the altered and unaltered pictures in pairs and asked if they were the same or not. Analysis showed that superiority of recognition for additions over deletions was not always observed because of an interaction with the salience of an item. The salience of an item more accurately predicted the percent recognition by adults than its complexity or unnaturalness. Although there were differences in percent recognition according to the type of alteration, the salience of items was nearly the same for adults and children. Similarities and differences in recognition by children and adults may be attributed to development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Recognition of asymmetric alterations to pictures of cats and geometric shapes: effects of method and type of alteration.

The present study investigated the effects of the method of alteration (introduction or restoration) and the effects of type of alteration (addition or deletion) on recognition of animate objects and geometric figures. Stimuli were pictures in which a feature was added to an original, deleted, or unchanged. After viewing a series of pictures, participants were tested for recognition. Results showed participants rejected pictures with deleted features more accurately than those with added features even when stimuli were made by both methods of alteration. An effect of type of alteration was observed for introduction of alterations into both original pictures of cats and of geometric figures. These results differed from previous studies. It is suggested that the effects of method of alteration and type of alteration on recognition of pictures of animate objects is different from those of inanimate objects and that the effects of method of alteration on recognition should be considered an important variable in these studies of recognition.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Asymmetric effects on recognition of animate objects by children.

The present study examined the effects of type of change in a picture (addition or deletion), and the effects of presentation time on children's recognition of animate objects (butterflies and cats). Five- or 6-yr.-old children viewed original pictures in a learning phase for 6 or 10 sec., and then they viewed in a test phase originals and altered pictures in which features were added to or deleted from original pictures. They were required to answer whether test stimuli had been seen before. Analysis showed that, although children discovered added features more frequently than deleted features in pictures of butterflies, they discovered deleted features more frequently than added features in pictures of cats (asymmetric recognition). Asymmetric recognition was not influenced by stimulus presentation time. Although asymmetric recognition was observed in children and adults for pictures of butterflies and cats, the feature for which alterations affected recognition was different. These results indicated that children process information about animate objects differently from that about inanimate objects and specifically by kind (domain-specific). The features to which children pay attention may change with development (age).

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Japanese monozygotic twins with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) (ATTR Val30Met).

Twenty-nine-year-old twin brothers having the amyloidogenic transthyretin (ATTR) Val30Met gene developed the clinical symptoms of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) in 1995. The twins had the same educational background and lived in the same district. FAP manifestations were similar in both cases, although electromyographic examinations revealed sensorimotor polyneuropathy in No. 1 and sensory polyneuropathy in No. 2. DNA analysis revealed that they were monozygotic twins. In addition to environmental factors, genetic factors may play an important role in determining the onset of FAP.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Pathogenesis and treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis].

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a granulomatous interstitial lung disease resulting from an immunologic reaction to the repeated inhalation of organic dusts and active chemicals. There are 50 or more groups of HP, but the prevalence varies from country to country, and even within a country, depending on a variety of occupational or environmental inhalants. In Western coutries farmer's lung, bird fancier's disease, humidifier lung, and air-conditioner disease are common, but in Japan summer-type HP is the most prevalent group. Summer-type HP is a house-related illnes induced by Trichosporon asahii and Trichosporon mucoides which contaminate the patients' home environments in hot and humid conditions. The polysaccharide antigen contains mannan backbone attached with short side chains consi-sting of mannose, xylose, and glucuronic acid residues. Both immune complex-mediated and T cell-mediated immune responses to the yeast are involved in the induction and development of the disease. Host factors such as HLA-DQw3 and cigarette smoking also play an important role in the develop-ment or suppression of the disease. An assay for serum anti-Trichosporon antibody by a Triko Kit is very useful for the serodiagnosis, and sanitization by cleaning, disinfecting, and removing from the colonizing location of Trichosporon prevents recurrence of the disease. Summer-type HP induced by Trichosporon is a new type of HP. It can be found in other countries including most Western countries, because Trichosporon asahii and Trichosporon mucoides distribute in the temperate and subtropical areas of the world.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed2000

High-resolution imaging of coronary calcifications by intense low-energy fluoroscopic X-ray obtained from synchrotron radiation.

PURPOSE: To obtain an intense monochromatic low-energy X-ray from synchrotron radiation (SR) and apply it to detect coronary calcifications. METHODS AND RESULTS: The SR beam was reflected with a silicon crystal to be expanded (150 mm in height and 80 mm in width) and to be monochromatized at an energy level of 37 keV. The X-ray was intermittently irradiated to obtain dynamic imaging of 30 images/s. Images were recorded by a digital fluorography system. The low-energy X-ray from SR sharply visualized calcification of coronary arteries, while conventional X-ray could not visualize coronary calcification. CONCLUSION: The intense monochromatic low-energy X-ray from SR is sensitive, has high-resolution for imaging coronary calcification and may serve as a screening method for coronary artery disease.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed2000

[Characteristics of blood cells during peripheral blood stem cell mobilization following chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

The objective of our study was to obtain a predictor of the timing for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection using routine blood cell counts. For that purpose, we compared recovery kinetics of peripheral blood cells and CD34+ cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients who were given granulocyte-colony stimulating factor for PBSC collection after CHOP therapy. Peaks in the monocyte/WBC ratio and reticulocyte high fluorescence ratio (HFR) were observed 2 to 3 days prior to the peak CD34+ cell count. In addition, the appearance of immature granulocytes in peripheral blood correlated well with increases in CD34+ PBSC number. These findings suggested the peak monocyte/WBC ratio, HFR, and immature granulocyte count can be used as predictors of the timing for PBSC harvests.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (1998)].

The bacteria isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections were collected by institutions located throughout Japan, since 1981. Ikemoto et al. have been investigating susceptibilities of these isolates to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics, and analyzed some characteristics of the patients and isolates from them each year. Results obtained from these investigations are discussed. In these 18 institutions around the entire Japan, 532 strains of presumably etiological bacteria were isolated mainly from the sputa of 438 patients with lower respiratory tract infections during the period from October in 1998 to September in 1999. MICs of various antibacterial agents and antibiotics were determined against 85 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 100 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 96 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 75 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains), 6 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (mucoid strains), 38 strains of Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis, 26 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae etc., and the susceptibilities of 517 strains were assessed except for those strains that died during transportation. S. aureus strains for which MICs of oxacillin (MPIPC) were higher than 4 micrograms/ml (methicillin-resistant S. aureus: MRSA) accounted for 60.0%. Vancomycin (VCM) and arbekacin (ABK) showed the most potent activities against MRSA. But one of MRSA showed resistance to ABK with the MIC of 64 micrograms/ml. The sensitive strains of MRSA to VCM have decreased. The frequency of penicillin (PC)-intermediate S. pneumoniae (PISP) + PC-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) have increased in 46.0% for 1998 comparatively from 30.9% of 1997's. But PRSP decreased, and PISP increased into 39.0% of 1998 years from 19.8% of 1997's. Panipenem (PAPM), imipenem (IPM) and faropenem (FRPM) showed the most potent activities against S. pneumoniae with MIC80s of 0.125 microgram/ml or below. Against H. influenzae and M. (B.) catarrhalis, almost all the drugs showed good activities. The sensitive strains of them against ceftazidime (CAZ) decreased in 1997, but those have increased in 1998. Inversely, the susceptibility of them against cefotiam (CTM) had been higher in 1997, but those have been lower in 1998. Tobramycin (TOB) showed the most potent activity against P. aeruginosa (both mucoid and nonmucoid strains). All drugs except ampicillin (ABPC) were active against K. pneumoniae. A quite few of K. pneumoniae showed low susceptibilities. Also, we investigated year to year changes in the characteristics of patients, their respiratory infectious diseases, and the etiology. The examination of age distribution indicated that the proportion of patients with ages over 70 years was 48.6% of all the patients showing a slight increase in every year. About the proportion of diagnosed diseases as follows: Bacterial pneumonia was the most frequent with 40.2%. The ratio of it has increased slightly, and the increased rate was 10% in patients with ages over 70 years compared with the results in 1997. Chronic bronchitis have decreased slightly with 27.6% in 1998. Number of strains isolated from patients before administration of antibiotics were more than those after administration of them in chronic bronchitis, but these were almost same number in bacterial pneumonia. Administration of antibiotics has changed the results of the frequency of isolation of bacterial species. Bacterial isolations before administration of antibiotics were as follows: S. pneumoniae 26.7%, H. influenzae 23.8%, S. aureus 13.3% and M. (B.) catarrhalis 10.8%. The frequencies of S. aureus decreased after antibiotics administration over 15 days, but the frequencies of P. aeruginosa (both mucoid and non-mucoid) was not affected. The frequencies of P. aeruginosa was 45.5% after administration over 15 days. The frequencies of S. pneumoniae decreased upon administration of antibiotics, these were only 4.5% over 15 days. The frequencies of H. (

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

An analysis of risk factors of perioperative bleeding in surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

BACKGROUND: In surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), excessive bleeding which causes postoperative complications is sometimes observed. To determine the risk factors of perioperative excessive blood loss, this retrospective study was performed. METHODS: Design. A retrospective study. Setting. An academic medical center. Participants. One hundred and forty patients underwent elective surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) at our institution from 1995 through 1997. Measurements. The present study includes critical review of 140 consecutive charts of patients undergoing elective surgical repair of AAA. Preoperative laboratory data, intraoperative data and amount of blood loss to identify risk factors of perioperative blood loss. Factors which were found to be significantly associated with the amount of perioperative blood loss were preoperative plasma fibrin degradation product (FDP) level (r=0.445), amount of immediate re-infusion of shed blood (r=0.438), and duration of operation (r=0.411). RESULTS: Preoperative fibrinogen level correlated with perioperative blood loss little (r=-0.187). Preoperative platelet count or the other coagulation profile did not affect the amount of perioperative blood loss. The patients whose preoperative FDP were more than 40 microg x ml(-1) significantly increased the risk of excessive blood loss compared with less than 40 microg x ml(-1). CONCLUSIONS: The significant preoperative risk factor of perioperative blood loss was only FDP level in present study. Especially, the patients whose preoperative FDP were more than 40 microg x ml(-1) increased the risk of excessive blood loss.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Multi-institutional validation study of carboplatin dosing formula using adjusted serum creatinine level.

Creatinine clearance (Ccr) is widely used as a practical substitute for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the Calvert formula: carboplatin dose (mg) = target area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC, mg ml(-1) min) x [GFR (ml min(-1)) + 25]. However, it causes systematic overdosing when the creatinine levels are measured by an enzymatic peroxidase-antiperoxidase method (PAP-Cr). We previously suggested an amended dosing formula to adjust this overdosing: carboplatin dose (mg) = AUC (mg ml(-1) min) x [adjusted Ccr (ml min(-1)) + 25], where the Ccr was adjusted by adding 0.2 (mg dl(-1)) to serum PAP-Cr. In this study, we prospectively validated this formula in 55 patients from six institutions. Target AUC ranged from 3 to 7 mg ml(-1) min, and Ccr was measured by 24-h urine collection. Estimation of carboplatin clearance with the amended formula was unbiased [mean prediction error (MPE) +/- SE = 2.9 +/- 3.4%] and acceptably precise [root mean squared error, (RMSE) = 24.7%], whereas the Calvert formula using non-adjusted Ccr overpredicted carboplatin clearance systematically (MPE +/- SE = 24.9 +/- 4.9% and RMSE = 36.1%). The improvement in the bias and precision of the estimation was seen in all of the participating institutions as shown by decrease in the absolute value of MPE and RMSE for each institution. The Chatelut formula also highly overestimated carboplatin clearance when PAP-Cr was used, but the adjustment of PAP-Cr yielded a decrease in MPE by 30.4% and in RMSE by 21.3%. These results confirmed the necessity of adjusting the serum PAP-Cr in carboplatin dosing formulas.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Validation of simple analytical equipment for arsenic].

In order to improve the arsenic test method, we investigated the effect of temperature, solar light and masking ions on that test method. As the results, we found that the solar light gave the big damage to the colored reaction on the method. In addition, on comparing the improved method with the arsenic test method of Merckoquant kit by using the water containing 0.01 ppm arsenic as the Japanese guideline for the drinking water, the improved method gave the better analytical value than Merckoquant kit that was not sufficiently determined.

Arsenic↗
PubMed1999

Outcome of liver transplantation for transthyretin amyloidosis: follow-up of Japanese familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy patients.

Since 1990, liver transplantation for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) has been carried out world-wide, and the outcome of the procedure seems to be promising. FAP is inherited systemic disease caused by mutated transthyretin. The most common cause is the valine to methionine substitution at position 30 (Met30). We have developed a scoring system for FAP Met30 that takes into account a variety of clinical symptoms of the disease. Six patients with FAP Met30 underwent extensive examinations according to our scoring system before and after transplantation. All patients survived the procedure and are alive after transplantation. Improvements of sensory and autonomic disturbances were observed during the initial 12 months after the procedure only, thereafter the patients' status remained unchanged. Following transplantation, no improvement of motor function and visceral organ damage were observed, but the modified body mass index improved in four of six patients after the operation. These results suggest that liver transplantation of FAP patients stops the progress of the disease, and that minor improvements are noted in several patients after the procedure. However, transplantation should be performed early after the onset of the disease in order to preserve the patients' functional status.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) block the late, prostanoid-dependent/ceramide-independent component of ovarian IL-1 action: implications for the ovulatory process.

The therapeutic efficacy and antiovulatory properties of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is attributed to their ability to suppress prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGS) activity. Given the likely role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the inflammatory (and probably the ovulatory) process, we set out to evaluate whether the antiovulatory property of NSAIDs is attributable, in part, to the inhibition of ovarian IL-1 action. Whole ovarian dispersates from immature rats were cultured under serum-free conditions in the absence or presence of the indicated agents. At the conclusion of the culture period, total RNA was extracted and probed for transcripts corresponding to PGS-1, PGS-2, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) or type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) by a solution hybridization/ribonuclease protection assay. Treatment with indomethacin was without significant effect on the early (1 h) response to IL-1beta; however, it led to complete and highly significant dose-dependent blockade of the late (48 h) response to IL-1beta as assessed in terms of PGS-2 transcripts, proteins and activity. The addition of PGE2 to cells augmented the ability of IL-1beta to upregulate PGS-2 transcripts. Moreover, the addition of PGE2 to indomethacin-treated cells all but reversed the ability of indomethacin to suppress the IL-1beta effect at both the PGS-2 transcript and protein levels. The upregulation by IL-1 of IL-1beta, IL-1R and IL-1RA transcripts was similarly inhibited by indomethacin. Taken together, these observations suggest that the anti-ovulatory property of NSAIDs may be due, in part, to blockade of the late, prostanoid-dependent component of ovarian IL-1 action.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A novel compound heterozygote (FAP ATTR Arg104His/ATTR Val30Met) with high serum transthyretin (TTR) and retinol binding protein (RBP) levels.

A 64-year-old Japanese male suffering from very slowly progressive amyloidosis was studied by immunohistopathologic, mass spectrometric, and molecular genetic methods. After confirming the immunoreactivity of transthyretin (TTR) in the amyloid deposits using an anti-TTR polyclonal antibody, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF-MS) was employed to look for the presence of variant TTR(s) in the serum. Two variant forms of TTR, one with a molecular weight 32 Da greater and another with a molecular weight 19 Da less than that of normal TTR encoded by the two respective alleles, were detected in this patient. Direct sequence analysis confirmed the presence of a double substitution: one at codon 30 from GTG (Val) to ATG (Met) and the other at codon 104 from CGC (Arg) to CAC (His) in the two alleles. MALDI/TOF-MS of the parents of the proband revealed that his father was a heterozygote of ATTR Arg104His and his mother was a heterozygote of ATTR Val30Met. The total TTR and retinol binding protein (RBP) concentrations in the serum samples of the proband were very high compared with those of FAP ATTR Val30Met patients and control subjects. We report here a new compound heterozygote in the TTR gene with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP).

Acetaldehyde↗