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Biomedical subjects

M Altieri

Publications and source records attributed to M Altieri.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Expression of the cloned ColE1 kil gene in normal and Kilr Escherichia coli.

The kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid was cloned under control of the lac promoter. Its expression under this promoter gave rise to the same pattern of bacterial cell damage and lethality as that which accompanies induction of the kil gene in the colicin operon by mitomycin C. This confirms that cell damage after induction is solely due to expression of kil and is independent of the cea or imm gene products. Escherichia coli derivatives resistant to the lethal effects of kil gene expression under either the normal or the lac promoter were isolated and found to fall into several classes, some of which were altered in sensitivity to agents that affect the bacterial envelope.

Acriflavine↗
PubMed1986

Antibiotic prophylaxis in intraoral wounds.

This study of 100 patients was undertaken to determine the efficacy of penicillin/erythromycin prophylaxis in the management of intraoral lacerations in the pediatric population. Only six patients of the evaluable population developed infections (6.4%). Two of these patients received antibiotic prophylaxis (4%), and the other four were control patients (8%) who developed wound infections (P = 0.41). Although most injuries were minor, if the injury was large enough to require suturing, the infection rate was slightly greater in the control group. Cross-product ratios for these small sample subgroups indicated that the likelihood of infection for non-prophylactically treated patient wounds of greater than 1 cm length and/or those requiring suturing was two to three times higher than that of patients treated prophylactically. Although no statistical significance could be ascribed to the observed differences of these post hoc categories, benefit from antibiotic prophylaxis may have been quantifiable in a study designed to assess only these major wounds utilizing a large sample size. In general, routine antibiotic prophylaxis appears unwarranted for simple intraoral lacerations in children, although it may be useful when the wounds are large enough to be sutured.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of cytochrome P2-450 (20-S) mRNA. Association with the P1-450 genomic gene and differential response to the inducers 3-methylcholanthrene and isosafrole.

Mouse liver cytochrome P2-450 is defined as the major isosafrole-inducible form of P-450 which is most specific for isosafrole metabolism. lambda AhP-1 represents a 15.5 X 10(3)-base-pair segment of mouse genomic DNA having the cytochrome P1-450 gene (approximately equal to 4600 base pairs) located in the middle portion. Using various subclones as probes, we investigated the differential expression of P1-450 mRNA and P2-450 mRNA induction as a function of association with the Ah locus, 3-methylcholanthrene or isosafrole dosage, tissue specificity, and developmental age. Both P1-450 (23-S) mRNA and P2-450 (20-S) mRNA induction processes are regulated by the Ah receptor. P2-450 mRNA is about 10-fold more sensitive than P1-450 mRNA to induction by either 3-methylcholanthrene or isosafrole. Phenobarbital pretreatment has no effect at all on either P1-450 mRNA or P2-450 mRNA. Whereas both P1-450 mRNA and P2-450 mRNA are induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in C57BL/6N liver, P1-450 (23-S) mRNA but not P2-450 (20-S) mRNA is induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in C57BL/6N kidney. P1-450 mRNA induction by 3-methylcholanthrene is measurable in C57BL/6N liver at day 15 of gestation, and the expression becomes enhanced with increasing age. P2-450 mRNA induction by 3-methylcholanthrene in C57BL/6N liver appears about 7 days later during development than 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible P1-450 mRNA. Both 3-methylcholanthrene-induced P1-450 mRNA and P2-450 mRNA are detectable in DBA/2N liver; their appearance is later in development, however, and at lower concentrations than that seen with C57BL/6N liver. P1-450 (23-S) mRNA and P2-450 (20-S) mRNA appear to hybridize to a common 5' fragment of the P1-450 gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Structure of the mouse cytochrome P1-450 genomic gene.

Clone 46 was previously shown to represent mouse cytochrome P1-450 cDNA by both translation arrest experiments and segregation of induced P1-450 mRNA with induced aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity among individual 3-methylcholanthrene-treated offspring of the (C57BL/6N)(DBA/2N)F1 X DBA/2N backcross. With clone 46 as a probe, a MOPC 41 mouse genomic-DNA library was screened. lambda 3NT12, a 16 X 10(3)-base-pair insert of genomic DNA grown in a recombinant Charon 4A lambda vector phage, was isolated and characterized. It was determined that clone 46 hybridizes to the extreme 5' end of lambda 3NT12. pMJE12, a 3.0 X 10(3)-base-pair fragment in the 5' region of lambda 3NT12, was subcloned in plasmid pBR322 and used as a probe to screen again the same mouse-DNA library; recombinant phages lambda 3NT13, lambda 3NT14, and lambda AhP-1 were isolated and characterized. The relative orientation of each of the four genomic clones on the mouse chromosome was determined. Only lambda AhP-1 contains the entire P1-450 genomic gene, which by R-loop analysis spans about 46 X 10(2) base pairs and contains at least five exons. Clone 46 is shown to be a 3' unique sequence of the genomic P1-450 gene. The lambda AhP-1 genomic-DNA clone from the MOPC 41 plasmocytoma is shown by a series of restriction enzymes to be the same as genomic DNA from normal mouse liver. With a subclone in the 5' portion of the P1-450 gene, two and three hybridizable fragments are found with mouse genomic DNA that has been digested with EcoRI and BamHI, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Kawasaki's disease: another cause for fever in the pediatric patient.

The case of a four-year-old black male with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki's disease) is presented. The clinical as well as the laboratory criteria for diagnosis are illustrated and corrollated with the corresponding pathologic findings. Recommendations are made for the immediate disposition of patients encountered in the emergency department setting, and an outline for the long-term follow-up of the patient is presented.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphometric analysis of the optic disc surface. The level of smoothness as a diagnostic parameter for glaucoma.

PURPOSE: Since the glaucomatous loss of nerve fibers changes the appearance of the optic disc, we evaluated the morphology of the surface of the optic disc in normal and glaucomatous eyes by using a computerized system to provide the reciprocal position of a large number of points placed on its surface in order to study the clinical significance of differences in the 'smoothness' of optic disc surface. METHODS: The morphology of the optic disc surface was evaluated by means of simultaneous stereoscopic videographic pictures (IMAGEnet X Rev-3.51b-Topcon Europe, The Netherlands): the reciprocal distribution of a large number of points located on the surface of one eye of 100 subjects randomly chosen (45 normal and 55 glaucoma patients) was studied. In order to define the level of 'smoothness' of the optic disc surface, the differences of the relative position of each surface point were studied by measuring the standard deviation (SD) from the average heights of the points (n. ranging from 623 to 1916 depending on the size of the disc area) that identify the optic disc surface. RESULTS: The coefficient of variation of the reciprocal location of the points, placed on the optic disc surface at the different measurements performed by a single operator was 10.4%. The differences in Optic Disc Surface Smoothness (ODSS) between glaucoma and normal group were statistically significant (p < 0.0001 using Mann-Whitney U test). No correlation was detectable between age and standard deviation. The best threshold value, calculated using ROC methodology, able to separate the two groups was: normal group: SD < or = 17.79 (-1 x 10(-2) mm); glaucoma group: SD > -17.79 (-1 x 10(-2) mm). Such threshold value had a sensitivity of 82.1%, a specificity of 92.2% and a diagnostic precision (DP) of 86.5% in dividing the glaucoma group from the normal group. CONCLUSION: ODSS is a global index of optic disc conditions based on quantitative measurements of the morphology of the optic disc surface. As such it does not provide information about the location and the characteristics of optic disc damage. Nevertheless, ODSS measurement is able to separate normal from glaucomatous optic disc with a rather interesting sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic precision (DP). As such it could be useful both for research and clinical applications.

Female↗