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Biomedical subjects

M Alleva

Publications and source records attributed to M Alleva.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Squamous papillomas of the esophagus].

The paper reports 14 cases of squamous papilloma of the esophagus which were removed using an endoscopic method: this is a comparatively rare benign pathology of which an increasing number of cases have been recently observed. Endoscopic controls were carried out in all cases and the results of the follow-up are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Nephrobronchial fistula].

Nephrobronchial fistula is a rare pathology both in absolute terms and in relation to the complications of renal inflammatory processes. Clinical symptoms may be varied but pulmonary complications, which may mask renal symptoms, are generally predominant; cough, hemoptysis and the expectoration of calculi are rarely found. Occasionally, as in the case reported here, the most evident sign is an infective process due to the contemporaneous fistulization of subcutaneous tissues. Instrumental diagnosis is based on chest and abdomen X-ray, fistulography, retrograde pyelography and abdominal CT. CAT may be useful above all in the study of pararenal abscesses.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed1991

[Primary torsion of the omentum].

The paper reports a case of spontaneous torsion of the omentum. Following a review of the international literature on the topic, the Authors discuss the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms and surgical therapy of this pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Histopathology of sudden hearing loss.

Eleven temporal bones from eight patients who had clinical histories of sudden hearing loss (SHL) were studied to assess the possible etiopathogenesis. The origin of SHL in seven ears from five patients was obscure, but appeared to be due to multiple causes. Common histopathologic changes in the cochlea, although complex, included atrophy of the organ of Corti and loss of cochlear neurons. Loss of cochlear neurons was the main finding in ears of viral infection. Labyrinthine fibrosis and formation of new bone were seen in two ears associated with vascular insult and in two ears of autoimmune disease. Different histopathologic findings causing SHL were observed even in cases with the same etiology. A case of SHL showing endolymphatic hydrops as the main histopathologic finding is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Tinnitus.

Sound without external stimuli may warn of serious conditions. Accurate history and physical examination along with ancillary testing, including audiograms, are essential in evaluation of these patients. Evaluation of sudden tinnitus may save hearing. Extra-auditory tinnitus may arise from respiratory, vascular, and muscular sources that are often treatable. Conductive tinnitus may indicate treatable malformation of the external or middle ear. Sensorineural tinnitus may be drug-related, noise-related, of central origin, or due to cochlear deterioration. Comprehensive diagnostic procedures can be followed by medical, surgical, psychologic, or masking therapies. All patients with tinnitus can benefit from patient education and preventive measures, and oftentimes the physician's reassurance and assistance with the psychologic aftereffects of tinnitus can be the therapy most valuable to the patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Dizziness.

In evaluating a patient with dizziness, the history remains the main source of information for diagnosis. Peripheral labyrinthine abnormalities are responsible for the majority of vertiginous symptoms. These disorders may be multifactorially caused or secondary to trauma and inflammation. Diagnostic testing may be of some assistance in corroborating a diagnosis. Medical therapy and dietary restrictions remain the main treatment modalities along with physical rehabilitation. In some patients, however, surgical intervention is indicated.

Dizziness↗
PubMed1990

Sinusitis.

Early and aggressive treatment of allergic, inflammatory, and infectious diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses should reduce the potential for chronic and irreversible disease of the sinus mucosa. Identification of underlying allergies, reactive mucosa, impaired mucosal transport, anatomic obstruction, or narrowing are key elements in establishing an effective treatment plan and the ultimate resolution of these disease processes.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

The flexible/intact-bridge tympanomastoidectomy technique.

A combination of otologic techniques has been presented in the step-wise surgical rationale that we call the flexible approach. The sequence of steps involved in the flexible approach allows the surgeon to adjust his or her surgery to the individual patient's needs. Very often, in patients with chronic otitis media, a middle ear reconstructive procedure (ossiculoplasty including lateralization of the malleus, removal of pathological tissue, insertion of an implant of silicone rubber sheets, and use of ventilation tubes with or without tympanic grafts) will obviate mastoidectomy. When a mastoidectomy is indicated, the IBM is a suitable procedure that encompasses the advantages of both closed and open mastoidectomy techniques.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Transoral removal of missile fragments from the C1-C2 area: report of four cases.

Low velocity firearm damage to the upper cervical spine without neurological deficit occurs infrequently. Four cases of gunshot fragments involving the anterior elements of C1 and C2 are presented. In all four cases, the fragments were removed via a transoral approach without neurological complications or mechanical instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis: a persistent diagnostic problem.

The most common manifestation of mycobacterial infection encountered in otolaryngologic practice is cervical lymphadenitis. Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis, or scrofula, remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge because it mimics other pathologic processes, and because of the inconsistent reliability of physical and laboratory findings. Twenty-five cases of scrofula were treated at our institution from 1973 to 1986. Positive chest x-ray was exhibited by five (20%) patients. Histologic examination of the excisional biopsy was the most reliable test with 100% positive specimens. This study emphasizes the marked variability in clinical presentation of scrofula and the importance of surgical excisional biopsy for histologic diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Myofacial pain dysfunction: analysis of 476 patients.

Myofacial Pain Dysfunction (MPD) is a musculoskeletal dysfunction involving malrelationship among the neuromuscular system, temporomandibular joints, and dental occlusion. The illness affects children and adults of all ages and both sexes. Patients complain of pain and/or dysfunction in the mandible, temporomandibular joints, ears, oral cavity, head, and neck. Electronic measurement of mandibular movement and associated muscle function now provide reproducible data with which the parameters of this illness and therapy can be designed and monitored. In this study, data are presented on 476 MPD patients. Included are statistics on the most commonly occurring symptoms, clinical examination findings, and electronic test data before and following treatment. The mandibular kinesiograph (MKG) is used to track mandibular movement and compare the natural dental occlusal position and a neuromuscularly balanced position of occlusion. Electromyography (EMG) is used to analyze the resting status of mandibular muscles and the functioning in the occlusal position. The data show a positive correlation between the clinical symptoms of MPD and unhealthy mandibular position at occlusion, accompanied by specific unhealthy muscle activity. There is a strong positive correlation between a therapeutic change in the dental occlusion to a neuromuscularly healthy position using a precision orthotic appliance and the relief of symptoms within 1 month as expressed by 88% of the patients. A similar correlation exists at 3 months and long-term.

Adolescent↗