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Biomedical subjects

M Ali

Publications and source records attributed to M Ali.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Localization of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) mRNA in human bronchi.

Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) may regulate peptide-induced inflammation in the respiratory tract. It is of interest to determine which respiratory resident cells express NEP. Trachea and bronchi from seven nonsmoking, nonasthmatic subjects were examined. NEP messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was characterized by Northern blot hybridization of cultured human tracheobronchial epithelial and smooth muscle cells, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in trachea and bronchi. In situ hybridization with biotin- and 35S-labelled antisense complementary ribonucleic acid (cRNA) probes was used to determine the distribution of NEP mRNA in human bronchial mucosa. NEP-immunoreactive material was detected using MEK10 murine monoclonal antibodies and the immunogold method with silver enhancement. NEP mRNA was 4.5 kb in size in the cultured human smooth muscle and epithelial cells by Northern blot analysis. No evidence was found by RT-PCR for truncated, alternatively spliced NEP mRNAs, such as del exon 16 or del exons 5-18 in human bronchus. NEP mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization in epithelial cells, submucosal glands, bronchial smooth muscle and endothelium. NEP-immunoreactive material was identified in the epithelium, submucosal glands, bronchial smooth muscle, and endothelium, demonstrating an excellent correlation between the distribution of NEP mRNA and the cell surface protein. NEP mRNA and immunoreactive material were excluded from epithelial goblet cell and submucosal gland mucous cell vacuoles. We conclude that the various sites of NEP protein and mRNA expression correlate with the locations of peptide receptors and NEP enzyme function, and are consistent with the hypothesis that NEP may regulate peptide-induced inflammation in human bronchi.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Treatment of comminuted subtrochanteric fractures by dynamic hip screw.

Twenty four cases of fracture of the proximal femoral shaft treated with dynamic hip screw fixation are included. All had severe comminution with subtrochanteric extensions. Dynamic hip screw provided stable osteosynthesis and helped to achieve bone union within 18 weeks in 19 of 21 followed-up cases. The anatomical configuration of the femur was maintained with minimal limb length discrepancy in one case and knee flexion of more than 110 degrees in all. Weight bearing was achieved after a mean period of 7.5 weeks post-fixation. Complications of treatment are also presented. Different implants are used to treat this injury with variable results. Dynamic hip screw system is a satisfactory implant for internal fixation in patients with these difficult fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Porcine conceptus and endometrial retinoid-binding proteins.

Porcine conceptus secretory proteins were obtained from medium in which pig conceptuses, collected on Day 15 of pregnancy, were cultured for 30 h. Culture medium was pooled, dialysed and concentrated by Amicon ultrafiltration for retinol and retinoic acid (RA) binding studies. Proteins in the 20-kDa range, conceptus-secreted retinol-binding protein (RBP), bound both [3H]retinol and [3H]RA specifically. Cross-competition experiments indicate that [3H]RA was completely displaced with excess cold retinol; however, excess cold RA did not completely displace [3H]retinol, suggesting that conceptus RBP has greater affinity for retinol than RA. Cellular RBP and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-alpha and RAR-gamma mRNA transcripts (0.7 kb; 3.8 and 2.8 kb; 3.4 kb respectively) were detected in poly (A)+ RNA isolated from Day-15 conceptus, Day-15 pregnant endometrium, late pregnant myometrium and late pregnant fetal tissues of pigs by Northern blot analysis. RAR-alpha and RAR-gamma immunoreactive proteins were detected in extracts of Day-15 conceptus, Day-15 pregnant endometrium and late pregnant fetal tissues by Western blot analysis. Collectively, results indicate that biochemical molecules required for retinoid transport, metabolism and regulatory effects are present in porcine conceptus and endometrial tissues during early pregnancy in swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Blood lipid concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factors among Saudis.

A study of 1005 family practice attenders at King Fahad National Guard Hospital was conducted during February 1993 to determine the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia and its association with participants' sociodemographic characteristics and clinical problems. The percentage of patients with total serum cholesterol concentration (TSCC) of 5.2-6.8 mmol/l was 39.3%, while those with TSCC exceeding 6.8 mmol/l was 9.5%. Hypertriglyceridaemia (TG > 2.5 mmol/l) was found in 5%. TSCC increased progressively with age up to the seventh decade. TSCC was higher among obese and diabetic patients than others. Obesity body mass index (BMI) > 29.9 kg/m2 was found in 32.8%, diabetes mellitus in 24.2%, hypertension in 11.1% and both diabetes and hypertension in 6.4%. There is an urgent need to equip primary health care teams with training and resources to help them give proper dietary advice, modify the local lifestyle and screen at least high-risk groups for hyperlipidaemia and other coronary risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Null alleles of the aldolase B gene in patients with hereditary fructose intolerance.

We report three new mutations in the gene for aldolase B that are associated with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI). Two nonsense mutations create opal termination codons: R3op (C-->T, Arg3-->ter, exon 2) was found in homozygous form in four affected members of a large consanguineous Turkish pedigree and R59op (C-->T, Arg59-->ter, exon 3) was found on one allele in a woman of Austrian origin known to harbour one copy of the east European mutation, N334K (Asn334-->Lys). The third mutation occurred in a French HFI patient known to be heterozygous for the widespread mutation, A174D (Ala174-->Asp): a single mutation, G-->A, in the consensus acceptor site 3' of intron 6 was found on the remaining allele. These mutations are predicted to abrogate synthesis of functional protein and thus represent null alleles of aldolase B. The mutant alleles can be readily detected in the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) or (for R59op and 3' intron 6) by digestion of amplified genomic fragments with DdeI or A1wNI, respectively, to facilitate direct diagnosis of HFI by molecular analysis of aldolase B genes.

Alleles↗
PubMed1994

Modulation of bile acids induced by paraquat in rabbits.

Rabbit bile was examined for changes in composition induced by paraquat. Paraquat was administered intraperitoneally and changes in bile components were monitored by high performance liquid chromatography. Alterations in the ratios of total glycine/taurine conjugated bile acids (TGC/TTC), cholic acid/deoxycholic acid (CA/DC), cholic acid/chenodeoxycholic acid (CA/CDC) and cholic acid/cholesterol (CA/CH) were measured as an index of paraquat toxicity. A statistically significant increase in the ratio of TGC/TTC was observed, while CA/DC, CA/CDC and CA/CH showed a decrease. Phospholipids, protein, sugar, bilirubin, beta-carotene, vitamin A and vitamin E in the bile and serum of the experimental animals were also monitored. In bile, the levels of cholesterol, phospholipids, protein, sugar, and total bile acids increased while the levels of the antioxidants beta-carotene, vitamin A and vitamin E decreased. A decrease in the bilirubin content of the bile was also observed. These modifications may be useful clinically for assessment of paraquat toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A brief history of Ayurveda in Hyderabad.

This article contains a brief history of Ayurveda in Hyderabad. It can be proudly stated that this system is prevailing here since foundation of this city in 1590 A.D. As it is said that the physicians of Ayurveda and Unani both were among the staff of the first general hospital of Hyderabad city 'Darush-shifa' which was constructed in 1595 A.D. After the Qutub Shahi period the rulers of Asafjahi dynasty also patronised this system. The physicians of this period not only run their clinics but they also teach this system to their pupils privately. Due to the efforts of some eminent Ayurvedic physicians, Ayurveda progressed well. The names and the photos of these physicians have been given in this article. Now this system has a good status here with well established college, hospital and research department etc.

History, 16th Century↗
PubMed1994

The use of DNA viruses as vectors for gene therapy.

The need for efficient transfer of potentially therapeutic genes to defined cell populations has stimulated the development of vectors based on viruses. To date, most effort has been spent on the RNA-containing retroviruses. These viruses, however, possess a number of disadvantages including an inability to infect nondividing cells as well as having potential for oncogenicity and insertional mutagenesis of host cell genes due to random chromosomal integration. These disadvantages have led to the development of vectors based on DNA-containing viruses such as adenovirus, herpes simplex virus and parvovirus. These viruses possess a number of attributes favourable to their use in gene therapy. Adenoviruses, for example, were first considered as potential vectors for the genetic treatment of lung conditions due to their natural affinity for respiratory epithelium. However, other features including their ability to be prepared at high titres, to direct high levels of foreign gene expression and their extrachromosomal existence has resulted in their development for the treatment of numerous other diseases. In many studies, adenovirus vectors have been shown to efficiently infect target cell populations and to express proteins at therapeutic levels in the absence of significant toxicity. The ability of herpes simplex virus to reside in neurons in a latent state that does not appear to affect normal cellular physiology has sparked interest in this virus as a potential vector in the treatment of neurological disorders. A subgroup of parvoviruses, namely the adeno-associated viruses, have a prediliction for integration at a defined chromosomal location and may represent a safer alternative to retroviruses.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1994

Hemoglobinopathies: three illustrative case studies.

Three cases studies from the Regional Hemoglobinopathy Laboratory at St. Joseph's Hospital in Hamilton are presented. These cases demonstrate the diagnostic value of a comprehensive hemoglobinopathy screen, family studies, and appropriate clinical information in solving complex hemoglobinopathy problems. The first case is a 79-year-old woman found to have small amounts of an unknown hemoglobin migrating electrophoretically in the position of hemoglobin S. The second case describes a boy of Greek extraction with a thalassemic blood picture but otherwise normal hemoglobinopathy screen. The third case involves a 70-year-old man with a previously normal hemoglobinopathy screen who subsequently showed evidence of alpha thalassemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Fractures of the distal femur in adults.

Nineteen adults sustaining 20 distal femoral fractures were followed for 18 months. Majority (70%) of the patients were males between the ages of 17 to 70 years and 68% sustained other injuries too. Fractures were classified by AO classification; most of them were intrarticular C1 type. Open reduction and internal fixation was carried out in 60% cases. Assessment of results taking into consideration the parameters of pain, deformity and range of movement were compared with the conservatively treated group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Host resistance to ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in different breeds of cattle at Bako, Ethiopia.

European cattle breeds are being introduced into Ethiopia in an effort to improve the productivity of indigenous breeds. The Ethiopian cattle breeds Horro and Boran were compared for tick burdens with their crosses with Friesian, Jersey and Simmental. Horro animals had the lowest tick burdens and the Horro x Friesian the highest. Adaptation to their environment and long-term natural selection for tick resistance in Horro cattle is the most likely explanation. Repeatability of tick burdens in all animals considered as one herd were only statistically significant for Boophilus decoloratus, the most abundant tick species. Statistically significant correlations between burdens of female B. decoloratus, Amblyomma cohaerens and Rhipicephalus praetextatus were observed and the addition of the males resulted in all inter-species correlations becoming significant. Care should be taken when crossing Ethiopian with more productive European cattle breeds in order not to lower their tick and disease resistance.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

Surfactant therapy in respiratory distress syndrome: the effect of a learning curve in improving outcome.

A retrospective study of all premature neonates who received artificial surfactant (Curosurf) at the Rotunda Hospital was performed. The period from October 1990 to June 1992 (n = 48) was compared with the initial experience from June 1987 to January 1988 (n = 15). In the initial period mortality rate was 67% in surfactant treated infants, and use of surfactant was not associated with an improvement in outcome compared with the previous six years. In the more recent period overall mortality was 21%. Overall survival in normally formed very low birthweight infants improved from 59% in 1986 to 86% in 1991-1992. Improvement in survival rates was most noticeable in infants with birthweight 750-999 grams, with survival increasing from 44% (before introduction of surfactant treatment) to 91% (in 1991-1992). It is probable that a certain level of experience with use of surfactant is required before optimal effects can be obtained.

Female↗