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Biomedical subjects

M Albrecht

Publications and source records attributed to M Albrecht.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Chemical crystal aspects of remineralization of dental enamel].

Incipient dental caries at the stage of demineralization is reversible, and remineralization can be achieved by the help of locally applied fluorides. In crystalchemical experiments, however by treating natural apatites with lanthanides Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb...Y, Sc, a more resistant complex could be developed. In this study extracted human molar teeth were kept for 60 days in Cerium (III)-nitrate solution, in order to investigate the incorporation of Ce3+ into human sound and carious enamel by light-microscopic-, and electronmicroprobe methods. Ce3+ was incorporated in sound enamel as well as into the incipient carious lesions, showing the histological characteristics of a remineralizing lesion. The mean values of the microprobe analysis data showed an increase in Ce3+ changing place with the Ca2+, the developing cerium-apatite being more hard an resistant from a mineralo-physical point of view.

Cerium↗
PubMed1989

Human chorionic gonadotropin levels in various compartments in disturbed early pregnancy.

The hCG level in the uterine cavity was higher than in peripheral blood in a case of choriocarcinoma and in patients with spontaneous expulsion of the conceptus. In two patients with missed abortion, the hCG concentrations in peripheral blood and in serum from the uterine cavity did not differ. In contrast, the hCG concentrations in PF in these patients were lower than in peripheral blood. The measurement of hCG in these compartments may provide evidence concerning the location of the trophoblast.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1989

Goserelin, a depot gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist in the treatment of premenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer. German Zoladex Trial Group.

One hundred thirty-four pre- and perimenopausal patients presenting with metastatic breast cancer (median age, 42 years; range, 25 to 55) were treated with goserelin (Zoladex [ICI 118 630]; ICI Pharma, Plankstadt, Germany) a long-acting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-analogue depot formulation, injected subcutaneously every 4 weeks, as a first-line therapy. One hundred eighteen patients were evaluable for response. Serum concentrations of estradiol, luteinizing hormones (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormones were significantly suppressed by Zoladex. Mean serum estradiol values fell into the range of castrated or postmenopausal women within 2 to 3 weeks of therapy. This suppression was maintained for the duration of therapy. Overall objective response was: 12 (10.2%) complete remission; 41 (34.7%) partial remission; 33 (28.0%) no change; and 32 (27.1%) progression. In responders, the median time to response was 4 months (range, 2 to 11 months), median duration of response was 8 + months (range 2 to 24 months), and median time to progression was 11 + months (range, 5 to 30 months). Objective responses were seen for different sites of metastases: loco-regional (62.5%), bone (46.7%), visceral (45.0%), and multiple (35.1%). Tumor remission was more common in patients in which the primary tumor was estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (49.3%) or ER-unknown (44.0%), but appreciable response rates were also observed in ER-poor patients (33.3%). Zoladex depot was well tolerated both locally and systemically. It produced effective castration and the objective response rates and duration of remission are at least comparable to those seen following oophorectomy; however, the side effects are less. The use of depot Zoladex avoids the psychological trauma and operative morbidity of the irreversible operative castration.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Puerperal ovarian vein thrombophlebitis--a rare puerperal complication].

Puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis (POVT) commonly results from purulent necrotic endomyometritis. The incidence is published to be 1 in 600 deliveries, however, according to own data, the incidence is at least 10 times less frequent. According to the puerperal uterine drainage, the predominant location is the right ovarian vein in 90% of all cases. The leading symptoms are lower abdominal pain localized anteriorly to the psoatic muscle and a tender, barrel shaped unilateral tumor. Discrepancy between the grave clinical picture and the insignificant findings on gyn. examination is common. Ultrasound and computed tomography frequently add in the correct diagnosis. Antibiotic therapy and anticoagulation are recommended in an uneventful course. If clinical improvement is delayed despite non-invasive treatment, surgical intervention with resection of the involved veins and all septic foci becomes mandatory. Despite non-invasive and invasive treatment, pulmonary emboli or septic complication refractory to therapy may contribute to mortality. Therefore POVT should always be included in the differential diagnosis of those patients presenting with a variable fever curve or an unexplained septic course following delivery or miscarriage.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[HCG in serum and peritoneal fluid in suspected ectopic pregnancy].

HCG was measured in peripheral serum and peritoneal fluid (PF), obtained by punction of the Douglas pouch (n = 12) or by laparoscopy (n = 14) in 26 patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy. In 10 patients with tubal pregnancy, the hCG-concentration in the PF was in every case higher than in serum. Contrary to this, in 11 disturbed and 2 normal intrauterine pregnancies the PF-hCG was lower than in serum. No hCG-gradient could be observed in 1 patient with an interstitial pregnancy. Moreover, in 2 patients with inconclusive laparoscopic findings, the PF-hCG was higher than in serum; this pointed to a probable harbouring of a suspected missed ectopic pregnancy, and treatment was therefore conservative. The PF-hCG level 35 h after i. m. application of 5000 IU hCG to non-pregnant women varied between 11 and 42% as compared to that of the serum. It is concluded that the gradient of hCG between PF and serum can be used for the verification of a suspected ectopic pregnancy in addition to other diagnostic methods.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1988

Dental and oral symptoms of diabetes mellitus.

Dental and oral examinations of 1360 patients with diabetes mellitus showed higher DMFT mean values with fewer carious teeth and more filled and extracted teeth than the controls. PI mean values were higher in diabetics than in the controls, the difference being statistically significant, and showed a positive correlation with age, but no correlation with the length of time since the disease was established. No correlation was found between the severity of gingivitis and changes in blood glucose levels. The sucrose-free diet of diabetics does not seem to reduce caries prevalence. The increased DMFT index is explained by the fact that, due to periodontitis, diabetics lose more teeth sooner than do healthy people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Long-term observation following traumatic-hemorrhagic shock in the dog: a comparison of crystalloidal vs. colloidal fluids.

The effect of volume replacement with crystalloidal and colloidal solutions was analyzed in 40 anesthetized Foxhounds subjected to a standardized traumatic-hemorrhagic shock. Following trauma and hypotension (MAP 40 mmHg; 3.0 +/- 0.5 hr) the animals were randomized to treatment with autologous blood and hydroxyethyl starch 6% (HES 450/0.7), or human serum albumin 5% (ALB), dextran-60 6% (DX), Ringer's lactate (RL), and hyperosmolar saline 1.3% (HS), respectively. While analgesia and sedation were maintained, the hemodynamic measurements were continued for a 24-hr period. Crystalloids and colloids were found equally effective in maintaining the macrohemodynamics following resuscitation from traumatic-hemorrhagic shock. To keep central hemodynamics at pre-shock level required at least four times higher volumes of crystalloids than colloids. No specific advantage for one of the substitutes tested was found with regard to accumulation of water in the lung during the first 24 hr following shock in dogs. Extravascular lung water (thermo-dye) and organ water (gravimetry) were not different between the groups. However, fluid loss into the abdominal cavity as well as albumin extravasation into lung interstitium and abdominal cavity were more pronounced in the crystalloid-treated animals, whereas albumin redelivery by the lymph was decreased. The deterioration of tissue oxygen extractions as well as the changes in acid-base balance in both crystalloid-treated groups reflect the persistent microcirculatory inhomogeneity in spite of normal macrohemodynamics.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical aspects, radiology and differential diagnosis of stress fractures].

Stress fractures result from bone stress in a rhythmical, repeated and subthreshold manner. Fatigue fractures and insufficiency fractures are considered. In the present paper clinical and radiological findings in stress fractures and problems of differential diagnosis are discussed. Typical locations and forms of manifestation are presented.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1987

An unusual case of splenic abscess and sepsis in an immunocompromised host.

Lactobacilli are important members of the vaginal, gastrointestinal, and oral flora in humans. Although these organisms are usually innocuous, increasing numbers of serious infections attributable to these bacilli have recently been reported. The authors report an unusual case of a patient presenting with a splenic abscess and sepsis resulting from lactobacilli and review the literature describing serious infections caused by these organisms.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

Fluid resuscitation in canine traumatic-hemorrhagic shock: long-term comparison of hydroxyethyl starch vs. Ringer's lactate.

In 16 anesthetized foxhounds a traumatic-hemorrhagic shock was performed. Following shock the dogs were randomized to treatment with autologous blood and either hydroxyethyl starch (HES, 450/0.5) or Ringer's lactate (RL). The animals were monitored for 24 h after treatment. The maintenance of normal cardiac output and left atrial pressure at pre-shock levels required 4.8 times more RL than HES. Extravascular lung water (EVLW) increased (p less than 0.01) with both treatment modalities without amelioration during the 24-hour observation period. No difference in EVLW was observed despite the higher infusion rate in the RL-group. Fluid loss into abdominal cavity, however was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in the HES-treated animals. Albumin extravasation, on the other hand, was more pronounced (p less than 0.01) in the RL-group and, moreover, albumin redelivery by lymph was decreased (p less than 0.05). On the basis of this study, both fluid modalities appear to be equally effective in resuscitation from traumatic-hemorrhagic shock without interfering with pulmonary function and ARDS. The importance that the tissue albumin accumulation ranks for final outcome from shock, however, requires further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Bridging a gap in oesophageal atresia using Rehbein's technique: dilatation of a thread canal.

During the last 12 years, operations were performed on 144 infants with oesophageal atresia. In 18 of them who were suffering from an atresia with long gap between segments, perlon threads were laid surgically. Continuity of the oesophagus was attempted using Rehbein's technique. The newborn had type II and IIIb atresia according to Vogts' classification. 11 of these 18 infants survived the third week of life. The fibroepithelial canal that had developed along the perlon thread, was dilated in steps in 6. The clinical course and results are reported.

Dilatation↗