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Biomedical subjects

M Albertini

Publications and source records attributed to M Albertini.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Congenital tracheal stenosis associated with aberrant left pulmonary artery. Apropos of a severe form with neonatal disclosure].

The case report is presented of a newborn infant afflicted with extensive congenital tracheal stenosis associated with anomalous left pulmonary artery, proving rapidly fatal. The possibility of tracheal anomaly must be envisaged in the face of any neonatal respiratory distress unexplained by pulmonary parenchymatous pathology. Diagnosis of this complex malformation relies on endoscopy and oesophagogram and tracheo-bronchogram contrasts.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

[Longterm pH measurement in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux in children. Apropos of 20 cases].

Long duration continuous recording of esophageal pH was performed in 20 children suspected of having gastroesophageal reflux. Six pH monitoring parameters were analysed and their values compared with normal standards found in the literature. The results of pH monitoring were compared with those of upper gastrointestinal series and with oesophagoscopy, performed in all patients but one. The diagnostic utility of long duration pH monitoring is discussed, according to data in the literature.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Elastic behavior of the lungs in healthy children determined by means of an exponential function.

In order to evaluate the elastic properties of the lungs in children, a new exponential sigmoid curve fitting model was developed with the function VL = Vm + (Vm/1 + b X e-K X Pst), where VL is the lung volume, Pst the static recoil pressure, VM and Vm the upper and the lower asymptotes (limits of lung volume) and K and b are specific constants. Pressure-volume (PV) data obtained from tidal breathing cycles at different inflation and deflation levels from functional residual capacity (FRC) up to approximately 90% total lung capacity (TLC) in 16 healthy children have been evaluated by this model. K in relation to age, calculated by the least square nonlinear regression analysis decreased during childhood, whereas in b increased. It seems that K (a volume-independent index of compliance and alveolar distensibility) is influenced by the increasing number of elastic fiber bundles, changes in the surface/volume ratio and finally by changes in the composition of the surfactant. It can be seen that this model is not only restricted to higher lung volumes, the lower limb of the S-shaped curve is also represented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Cerebral abscess and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. A clinical and respiratory function study].

Liz... Josiane, a 9 year old girl, was admitted with a 24 hours history of severe headache and vomiting. On admission she was conscious, irritable and complained of a severe headache. Clinical examination revealed a right hemiparesis with cyanosis of the lips and extremities and clubbing of the fingers, all consistent with chronic hypoxia. Cardiovascular examination was normal apart from a systolic murmur which could be heard posteriorly under the left scapula. There were no angiomatous or telangiectatic lesions of the skin. A blood examination revealed a raised ESR, a marked polycythaemia with a decreased arterial oxygen tension. Chest x-rays showed the presence of an irregular well delineated opacity in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe. This opacity was confluent with the ipsilateral hilum and was suggestive of a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. An intracranial space occupying lesion in the left temporal region of the brain was revealed by electroencephalographic and CT scan investigations; this proved to be an abscess which was surgically removed with no subsequent complications. Further radiological investigations of the chest revealed the pulmonary lesion was an arteriovenous aneurysm occupying the whole left inferior lobe. This was removed at thoracotomy three months after the acute neurological event. The results of respiratory function and regional isotopic investigations before and after surgery will be discussed.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1982

[Adaptation of the oral dosage of theophylline to the asthmatic child. Value of a kinetic test by the intravenous route].

The authors propose a practical method for determining chronic oral theophylline dosage in children from slow intravenous theophylline infusion (45 minutes). Calculated clearances and half lifes provided a basis for daily oral theophylline doses and dosing intervals. Pharmacokinetic characteristics (mean +/- SD) in 34 asthmatic children (age range 2-14 years) averaged 0.082 +/- 0.028 l/kg/h for Cl; 0.436 +/- 0.087 l/kg for Vd; 4.07 +/- 1.43 h for t 1/2. Calculated daily dosages necessary to maintain mean serum theophylline concentration of 12.5 mg/l ranged from 9.6 to 40.9 mg/kg/d (average 24.5 mg/kg/d). The validity of proposed dosage schedules is studied in 11 children (among the 34 patients) undergoing a chronic theophylline treatment either with rapid absorption products, or sustained-release form. The difference between predicted and effective serum concentrations was within +/- 1.8 mg/l in all cases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[Late cutaneous porphyria in a child with Down's syndrome (author's transl)].

The authors report the case of a patent form of cutaneous or late porphyria in a 4 1/2 year-old child with a reduced activity of the erythrocyte uroporphyrinogene decarboxylase (URO D). This genetically transmitted disease (the father having the same enzyme defect) only appears after the occurrence of an external factor, usually alcohol and estrogens, rarely acute hepatitis with the presence of HAV antibodies as in this case of Down's syndrome. The same clinical picture may be accompanied by various hepatic lesions and, occasionally, by a deficiency of erythrocyte URO D. This justifies that one distinguish generalized familial forms from sporadic forms with exclusive hepatic involvement.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Newborn infants of drug-dependent mothers].

The problems of embryo-foetopathy associated with drug-dependent mothers were determined from published data and from a series of 60 neonates born of heroin-addicted mothers. Low weight at birth resulting from prematurity and/or hypotrophy was frequent. Monitoring of labour and the presence of a specialized medical team in the delivery room improve the Apgar's score and reduces the incidence of meconium inhalation. The possible occurrence of seldom severe withdrawal syndrome makes it mandatory to place every child born of a drug-dependent mother under observation in a neonatology unit. The predominant threat, at mid- or long term, is human immunodeficiency virus infection. The fear of AIDS explains why such children are now followed up for longer periods, resulting in a more accurate evaluation of their future somatic and psychomotor status.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pneumonia and submaxillary cellulitis caused by B group Streptococcus in an infant].

The association of pneumonia and submandibular cellulitis in the case of group B streptococcal LOD (Late Onset Disease) is rare. Concerning the possible nosocomial infection of a 31/2 months infant the authors compare the pulmonary disease with that of the EOD (Early Onset Disease) and like other authors recommend considering GBS as the main cause of any cellulitis for an infant under 4 months.

Cellulitis↗