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Biomedical subjects

M Akimoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Akimoto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Increase in hepatic tissue blood flow by teprenone.

The major objective of the present study was to evaluate mechanisms by which teprenone, a gastric mucosal protecting agent, increases hepatic mucosal blood flow using male Sprague-Dawley rats. Hepatic and gastric blood flow was measured using a laser blood flow meter after administration of teprenone, dissolved in Tween 80, into the inferior vena cava. Teprenone itself increased hepatic and gastric blood flow. It also increased hepatic and gastric blood flow in rats with acute hepatic disorders due to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) and improved histological changes, such as inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty changes in the liver. The fact that blood endothelin (ET) concentrations increased after administration of teprenone suggest that teprenone has great affinity for ET beta receptors and shows ET beta-receptor antagonist-like effects. Hepatic blood flow decreased after administration of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a nitric oxide (NO) synthetase inhibitor, suggesting that teprenone increase NO activity. Teprenone was thought to increase hepatic and gastric blood flow by different mechanisms, because it increased gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system components in human prostatic cancer cell-lines: LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 cells.

BACKGROUND: Evidence has been accumulating that in many tumors, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) promote cancer cell growth in an autocrine/paracrine manner via the IGF-I receptor. In an effort to understand the role of IGFs in prostate cancer cell growth, we characterized the IGF system components produced by human prostatic cancer cell-lines, LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3, grown in serum-free medium. METHODS: IGFs, their receptors, and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) produced by the three human prostate cell lines were characterized by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), radioimmunoassay (RIA), Western ligand blot, Western immunoblot, and Northern blot analyses. RESULTS: mRNA for IGF-II and receptors for IGF-I and IGF-II were detected in all three cell-lines by RT-PCR. In contrast to the published study, only LNCaP cells expressed a trace amount of IGF-I mRNA. RIA on conditioned media collected from these cells revealed that all three cell-lines produced measurable IGF-II but not IGF-I. Western Ligand blot, Western immunoblot, and Northern blot analyses revealed that LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 cells expressed IGFBP-2, IGFBP-2/-3/-4/-6, and IGFBP-2/-3/-4/-5/-6, respectively. IGF-II stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA in DU145 and PC-3 cells significantly although the effect was small. DNA synthesis in PC-3 cells but not in LNCaP and DU145 cells was significantly inhibited by the IGF-I receptor-specific monoclonal antibody. CONCLUSION: Theses results suggest potentially important roles of IGFs and IGFBPs in prostate cancer cell growth, and that in particular, IGF-II may play a critical role in prostate cancer cell growth.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1996

Retention mechanism of imidazoles in connective tissue. I. Binding to elastin.

To elucidate the retention mechanism of drugs with imidazole moiety in the connective tissue, the retention form and site of [2-14C]imidazole and 2-methyl[2-14C]imidazole were studied after intravenous administration to rats (3 micromol/kg body weight). The aorta, which is representative of the connective tissue, retained considerable radioactivity after dosing for both the imidazoles. It was observed that most of the aortic radioactivity came from the irreversibly bound fraction with elastin and that this was in close agreement with the microautoradiographic observation that showed that the retention of radioactivity occurred near the elastic fiber in the aorta. Pretreatment of rats with SKF525-A significantly increased the irreversible binding of radioactivity from the imidazoles in aorta, whereas neither phenobarbital nor 3-methylcholanthrene increased the binding. Regarding the urinary metabolite profile, the excretion of intact form significantly increased by SKF525-A pretreatment for imidazole, and an increasing tendency was also observed for 2-methylimidazole. However, no in vitro irreversible binding of imidazoles to aortic tissue was observed after incubating at physiological pH and temperature. These findings indicate that the retention of drugs with imidazole moiety in the connective tissue is largely attributable to irreversible binding between the imidazole moiety and elastin, and that the binding may be mediated through cytochrome P450-independent biotransformation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Characteristic and effective usage of adriamycin].

The utility of adriamycin (doxorubicin), an anti-cancer antibiotic, for the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder has been appreciated. Adriamycin is still used intravesically for superficial bladder cancer to avoid implantation of floating cancer cells after transurethral resection, to decrease the incidence of recurrence and treat an unresected part of the tumor. On the other hand, cisplatin-based multi-drug chemotherapies including adriamycin have proven effective in treating locally and systemically advanced bladder cancer.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1995

Long-term results of non-filtering surgery for the treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma.

BACKGROUND: We previously reported the effectiveness of goniosynechialysis and trabeculotomy ab externo for adult-onset glaucoma. In this study, we performed non-filtering surgery on patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma and studied the long-term outcome of this treatment. METHODS: Included in this study were 35 eyes of 25 patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma, each of which had an intraocular pressure greater than 20 mmHg with maximal tolerated antiglaucoma medication, even after laser iridotomy or surgical iridectomy. Of these 35 eyes, 22 underwent trabeculotomy and 13 underwent goniosynechialysis. All patients were followed up for at least 18 months. RESULTS: In 21 (95%) of 22 eyes after trabeculotomy, and in 12 (92%) of 13 eyes after goniosynechialysis, intraocular pressures were well controlled at or below 21 mmHg at the final examination. However, in two of the 21 eyes in which trabeculotomy was a success, and in four of the 12 eyes in which goniosynechialysis was successful, the procedure had to be repeated before adequate control of pressure was achieved. CONCLUSION: Our results show that intraocular pressure in most cases of primary angle-closure glaucoma can be controlled by restructuring of the physiologic aqueous outflow route by means of goniosynechialysis or trabeculotomy, and that filtering surgery is not necessary.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

A new self-expansive intraurethral stent using shape memory alloy: a preliminary report of its availability.

OBJECTIVES: We describe a new stent made from shape memory alloy (SMA) first developed by our collaborative group, its structure, and a simple and easy procedure for its placement and removal without the need for a monitoring system or sedation. METHODS: The stent made of SMA was placed in 5 dogs for 10 months. It was left in situ in the shape of thermal expansion while the obturator Foley catheter was removed. RESULTS: Placement and removal of the stent was very easy and quick on each occasion in all 5 dogs. No proximal or distal dislodgement was observed in 5 dogs during the indwelling period. There was no encrustation of calcification on the surface of the stent at its removal. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that the SMA spiral stent might be an alternative for the relief of prostatic obstruction and be well tolerated in patients with bladder outlet obstruction. The SMA spiral stent is being developed for clinical use.

Alloys↗
PubMed1995

Somatoform pain disorder in a case of Klinefelter's syndrome with multiply operated lower back.

We report a case of Klinefelter's syndrome with multiply operated low back (MOB). Psychological and/or psychosocial problems related to MOB have been of recent interest in the field of orthopedic surgery. Based on psychiatric interviews, this case was diagnosed as a somatoform pain disorder of the DSM-III-R somatoform disorders. In addition to psychological problems, the pain was partly explicable by severe osteoporosis, which was prematurely caused by endocrinological disturbances associated with Klinefelter's syndrome. Patients with this syndrome are more likely to develop severe osteoporosis. In the presenile period of Klinefelter's syndrome with severe osteoporosis, liaison psychiatrists may pay attention to somatoform disorders (e.g. somatoform pain disorder and conversion disorder) linked with the MO.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1995

Different susceptibilities of lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK cells) among primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma derived from the same patient.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the susceptibility of primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and metastatic RCC to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells using three RCC cell lines derived from the primary and metastatic tumours in a male patient with advanced RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three RCC cell lines (named HANKS) were derived from a 44-year-old man with advanced RCC. HANKS-Pr, HANKS-Lu and HANKS-LN were established from the primary lesion and the metastatic lung and lymph node lesions, respectively. The susceptibility of HANKS cell lines to 18 different LAK cells obtained from either patients with urological cancer or from healthy volunteers was studied. The three groups of LAK cells were divided as follows: (A) LAK cells from RCC patients (n = 6); (B) LAK cells from patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)/prostatic carcinoma (CaP) (n = 4) and (C) healthy volunteers (n = 8). A 51Cr-releasing cytotoxic assay was used to determine susceptibility. RESULTS: The mean percentage lysis of the HANKS cell lines to the 18 allogenic LAK cells were 28.1% in HANKS-Pr, 20.2% in HANKS-Lu and 10.4% in HANKS-LN. The susceptibility of HANKS-LN to LAK cells was significantly lower than that of HANKS-Pr and HANKS-Lu in all three groups (P < 0.05). In contrast, the susceptibility of HANKS-Pr was significantly higher than HANKS-Lu in group A only (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This is the first report to describe the different susceptibilities of primary RCC and metastatic RCC derived from the same patient. HANKS-LN itself might be the least susceptible to LAK cells because it was not related to the source of LAK cells. Furthermore, RCC may affect the cytotoxicity of LAK cells to HANKS-Pr. These data indicate there are at least two different types of mechanisms leading to the different susceptibilities of HANKS cells to LAK cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Combined immunotherapy using interferon-alpha, interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells--improvement of quality of life in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma].

The goal of any treatment strategy for cancer is to improve not only patient survival but also quality of that survival. Between March 1990 and February 1993, we treated 10 patients with advanced RCC (9 men and 1 woman) by combined immunotherapy using natural interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, and resulting the quality of life (QOL) issues examined. The ages of the patients ranged from 36 to 78 years (mean: 60.2) and the performance status (PS) ranged from 30 to 100% (mean: 77%). There were 8 lung, 3 bone, 2 brain and 1 neck and para-aortic lymph node metastases. We could evaluate 8 patients, 2 patients dropped out because of bone fracture and acute pneumonia. The protocol was as follows; 1 x 10(6) IU of rIL-2 as an intravenous infusion and 6 x 10(6) IU of IFN-alpha intramuscularly on days 1-7 and 15-21. In additions LAK cells obtained from the patients were given on days 14, 21, 28, and 35 intravenously. This protocol was repeated for more than three cycles (mean: 4.13 cycles) in each patient. The maintenance therapy on outpatient basis were performed in 4 patients after confirmation of the safety of the combined immunotherapy. This outpatient regimen was composed of 1 x 10(6) IU of rIL-2 intravenously, 6 x 10(6) IU of IFN-alpha intramuscularly on days, 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29, plus LAK cells on days 15 and 29. We repeated this protocol for 3-5 cycles (mean: 4.25 cycles).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Placement of the urethral stent made of shape memory alloy in management of benign prostatic hypertrophy for debilitated patients.

PURPOSE: A new urethral stent made of shape memory alloy was placed to relieve prostatic obstruction in 17 patients in whom other approaches were contraindicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients were unable to tolerate intervention with sedation and positioning. Placement of the shape memory alloy stent mounted on a 16F Foley catheter is similar to insertion of a urethral catheter except for the heat-sensitive expansion. RESULTS: Each device was easily implanted with the patient on a flat examination table. There was no migration or incrustation of the shape memory alloy stent during the indwelling period. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical results demonstrate that the shape memory alloy urethral stent might be the only choice for management of prostatic obstruction in debilitated patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of copper and copper binding protein on the CT attenuation value of liver: experimental study in rats].

We analyzed the effect of copper and copper binding protein on CT attenuation value in a rat model. CT attenuation values of the liver were compared with hepatic copper content and grade of orcein-positive granules, which are thought to be a counterpart of polymerized methalothionein in lysosomes. The difference between hepatic copper and CT attenuation value was not statistically significant (R = 0.056, p = 0.96). CT value had a positive correlation with the grade of orcein-positive granules (Rho = 0.755, p = 0.0001). We concluded that the CT attenuation value of liver can be elevated by rich polymerized methalothionein (copper binding protein) in lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Surgical results of trabeculotomy ab externo for developmental glaucoma.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate long-term surgical outcome of trabeculotomy ab externo in the treatment of developmental glaucoma. PATIENTS: Included in this retrospective study are 116 eyes of 71 patients with developmental glaucoma. We classified patients into three groups based on their age: congenital (33 eyes), existing before age 2 months; infantile (31 eyes), occurring from ages 2 months to 2 years; and juvenile (52 eyes), age 2 years or older. RESULTS: A life-table analysis showed that the total success probabilities at 5 and 10 years with one or more trabeculotomy ab externo operations were, respectively, 92.5% +/- 2.7% and 76.5% +/- 6.2%. The success probability of patients with congenital glaucoma (60.3% +/- 15.9%) was significantly lower than it was for those with infantile (96.3% +/- 3.6%) or juvenile (76.4% +/- 7.5%) glaucoma (P < .01 for both). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical results of trabeculotomy ab externo remain effective for a long time. Congenital glaucoma has the worst prognosis, and infantile glaucoma has a better prognosis than does juvenile glaucoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Usefulness of narrow pedicled intercostal cutaneous perforator flap for coverage of the burned hand.

A narrow pedicled intercostal cutaneous perforator (np-ICP) flap is used for reconstruction of hand scar contractures after burns. This flap is designed with a narrow pedicle which includes some intercostal cutaneous perforators of 4-7th intercostal spaces, and with a wide distal area which lies over the costal cage and upper abdomen. Additionally the flap is thinned until only the subdermal vascular network is preserved in most of the wide distal area. It seems that this flap is more useful, not only functionally but also aesthetically, than conventional methods. This report describes the technique and concept, with a demonstration of some clinical examples.

Adult↗