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Biomedical subjects

M Akagi

Publications and source records attributed to M Akagi.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Colony-stimulating factor producing carcinoma of the gallbladder.

A patient with an anaplastic carcinoma of the gallbladder accompanied by marked neutrophilia was found to have high colony-stimulating factor (CSF) activity in the urine and serum. The supernatant of the cultured tumor cells (6th passage) showed high and specific CSF activity. These specimens induced the formation of granulocyte colonies, macrophage colonies or granulocyte-macrophage mixed colonies by both human and C57BL mouse bone marrow cells in soft agar. These results suggest that this tumor is a human granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF producing tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A case of intrahepatic lithiasis associated with intestinal malrotation--consideration of its etiology].

We report a case of intrahepatic lithiasis associated with intestinal malrotation, which showed some bile duct abnormalities, such as cystic dilatation accompanied with stenosis in its distal portion. The resected hepatic tissue was examined histopathologically. Cellular debris due to desquamation of the epithelium, hypersecretion of mucopolysaccharides from the proliferated intrahepatic glands, and periductal laminar or band-like fibrosis were present. The mixture of desquamated epithelium, mucopolysaccharides and bile juice occupied the bile duct lumen, suggesting intrahepatic immature gallstones. The timing of formation of the intrahepatic bile duct is nearly coincident with that of the rotation of the intestine. Intestinal malrotation is sometimes associated with the congenital biliary duct anomaly and therefore the present patient might were well be the case.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Galactosialidosis: low beta-galactosidase activity in serum after long-term clotting.

Serum beta-galactosidase activity was found to be markedly increased in clotting blood from normal subjects, but patients with galactosialidosis showed only a slight increase of this enzyme activity. Consequently, the beta-galactosidase activity was low in serum after long-term clotting in patients with this disease. The mechanism of the enzyme activation is unknown. The use of anticoagulants completely inhibited the activation.

Galactosidases↗
PubMed1985

Inhibitory effect of lysophosphatidylcholine on the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells.

Histamine release from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 (0.5 microgram/ml) or antigen-antibody reaction was inhibited by lysophosphatidylcholine in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations up to 4 microM. Within the same range of concentration, lysophosphatidylcholine exhibited a membrane-stabilizing action on the model membrane systems decreasing the permeability of lipid bilayer and the fluidity of liposomal membrane in the liquid crystalline state. At concentrations higher than 8 microM, lysophosphatidylcholine damaged the cell membrane and subsequently histamine was released. It was assumed that lysophosphatidylcholine may act as an endogenous membrane stabilizer inhibiting histamine release in normal mast cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Significance of the Tritiated Thymidine Labeling Index in breast cancers.

We carried out studies to determine whether the Tritiated Thymidine Labeling Index (TLI) would correlate with hormone receptors as well as with clinical and histological data. Sixty-four patients with breast cancer were the subjects studied. TLI showed no relationship to age, menopausal status, T-factor, n-factor, stage, or histological type. However, compared to tubule formation, nuclear pleomorphism, and mitotic activity, TLI showed a positive correlation with each and accordingly there was a positive correlation between TLI and Bloom's histological grading. The cumulative disease-free rate at three years was higher in case of a TLI below 4.0 (median TLI value). TLI significantly correlated inversely with the binding sites not only of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors (ERC), but also of cytoplasmic progesterone receptors (PRC) and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERN). Cancers negative for all three receptors indicated the highest TLI, while cancers positive for all three receptors showed the lowest TLI. The results suggest that breast cancers positive for hormone receptors were of low malignancy because lower TLI related to a lower proliferative activity. Thus, TLI is an useful parameter for assessing the clinical status of breast cancers.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1985

Sequential assays of hormone receptors and the Tritiated Thymidine Labeling Index in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary cancers.

This study was carried out to determine whether hormone receptors and the Tritiated Thymidine Labeling Index (TLI) would change with intervening treatment in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracen-induced rat mammary cancer as well as to evaluate their predictive significance. Forty-eight tumors were studied. TLI significantly correlated inversely with the binding sites of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors (ERC), but not of cytoplasmic progesterone receptors (PRC). From the response to the two treatments ovariectomy or adriamycin, it was demonstrated that ERC was a predictor of the response to ovariectomy and TLI showed a predictive value in the response to adriamycin. Ovariectomy generally induced a marked decrease in ERC level and PRC level, whereas adriamycin led to an increase and decrease in ERC level and PRC level, respectively. TLI showed a remarkable decrease in tumors which were responsive to ovariectomy or adriamycin. Some tumors, which had been the intermediate or ineffective group with a previously given treatment, were evaluated for the first time as being the effective group with another type of treatment. These results suggest that the response to treatment for breast cancer may change over the clinical course and ideal treatment for advanced breast cancer should included concomitant chemo-endocrine therapy.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1985

Hyperglycemia induces intestinal sucrase activity in subtotally pancreatectomized rats.

The effects of experimental diabetes, hypertonic glucose infusion, and subsequent insulin administration on the sucrase activity of the small intestine were studied using intestinal segments completely excluded from luminal continuity by construction of Thiry-Vella fistulas in rats. Eight weeks after subtotal pancreatectomy, the rats contracted insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus, and sucrase activity was enhanced in both the Thiry-Vella loop and in the proximal jejunum in continuity. Subcutaneous injections of insulin during the last 4 weeks maintained the enzyme activity in the control range in both segments. There was a positive correlation between sucrase activity and blood glucose level in the pancreatectomized rats. Hyperglycemia in normal rats induced by intravenous infusion of 30% glucose solution over 48 hours enhanced the sucrase activity in the jejunum. Furthermore, insulin administration with a glucose solution inhibited the enhancement of enzyme activity. These findings suggest that hyperglycemia itself might play an important role in the diabetic increment of sucrase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Comparative study of three proteinases from the venom of the Chinese habu snake (Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus).

Three immunochemically distinct proteinases (P-1, 2 and 3) devoid of hemorrhagic activity were isolated from the lyophilized venom of Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus using column chromatography on Sephadex G-100, CM-Sephadex C-50, DEAE-Sephacel, CM-Cellulose and Bio-Rex 70. By these procedures, about 7.6, 7.3 and 8.2 mg of purified P-1, 2 and 3 may be obtained from 1 g of crude venom, respectively. The purified proteinases 1-3 were homogeneous by disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel at pH 4.3, isoelectric focusing and by the presence of one precipitin line on immunodiffusion. The isoelectric point of P-1 was 8.1; P-2, 9.2; P-3, 9.8. The molecular weights of proteinases 1-3 were determined to be 23,000, 23,500 and 23,000, by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The purified proteinases 1-3 possessed caseinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities. These activities were inhibited when the proteinases were incubated with the metal chelators ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1,10-phenanthroline or cysteine, but not with egg white trypsin inhibitor (EWTI) or soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). P-1 cleaved the B beta-chain of fibrinogen first and then the A alpha-chain, whereas P-2 and 3 cleaved the A alpha-chain first and then the B beta-chain. However, these three proteinases did not hydrolyze the gamma-chain.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

Leukocyte migration inhibition in relation to nuclear pleomorphism and lymphoid infiltration in breast cancer.

Leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) in patients with breast cancer was examined by using 3 M-KCl tissue extracts of breast tumors. Tumor extracts were obtained from 12 breast carcinomas of various histological types. In 20 of 65 (30.8%) leukocyte preparations from 25 patients with breast cancer migration was inhibited by breast cancer tissue extracts. In 26 leukocyte preparations from eight healthy persons and 22 preparations from eight patients with benign diseases of the breast migration was not inhibited by the breast cancer extracts. In only two of 47 (4.3%) leukocyte preparations from 12 patients with other cancers migration was inhibited by the extracts. The occurrence of LMI was the highest in leukocytes from the patients with breast cancer showing marked nuclear pleomorphism (10/19, 52.6%) or showing marked mononuclear cell infiltration (6/12, 50.0%). These results suggest that 3 M-KCl tissue extracts of breast cancer may contain tumor-associated antigens in solubilized form and that there may be a correlation between LMI and nuclear pleomorphism of cancer cells of the leukocyte donor as well as mononuclear cell infiltration in the tumor of the leukocyte donor.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

[An autopsy case of dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) clinically diagnosed as Huntington's chorea].

An autopsy case of a 65-year-old female with dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is reported. Her mother had gait disturbance and died at the age of 63. Her mother's brother developed psychotic symptoms. A daughter of her older sister was observed to have involuntary movement when she admitted to a mental hospital due to post-delivery psychotic state. Her younger brother has developed gait disturbance from about 56-year-old. Her older son has suffered from schizophrenia for long years. Since 58-year-old, she developed cerebellar ataxic gait and three years later, choreic involuntary movement developed in her extremities and face and progressively became prominent. Since 63-year-old, abnormal behavior brought about by the visual hallucination was occasionally observed. At the age of 63, she admitted to a mental hospital because of persistent persecutive delusion for her husband and was clinically diagnosed as Huntington's chorea for her remarkable choreic movement and psychotic state with dementia. Hypertension was also noticed. At the age of 65, she died of acute pneumonia. The duration of her illness was about 6 years. Histopathological findings of the CNS: the brain weighed 1,014 g. Brainstem and spinal cord were noticed to be relatively small in size. The cerebral cortex was well preserved. The cerebral white matter was diffusely demyelinated in the central semiovale where arteriosclerotic change of the small vessels was remarkable. Significant pathological changes consisted of marked symmetrical atrophy of the following two systems, i. e., dentatofugal pallidoluysian systems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization therapy using degradable polylactic acid microspheres].

Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization therapy (TAE) is an established method for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have developed a new embolus consisting of microspheres with a mean diameter of about 200 microns which are composed of biodegradable polymolecular polylactic and the anti-cancer agent, aclarubicin -HCl, in a ratio of 12% w/w. These microspheres were applied to 28 patients with inoperable HCC using the following method microspheres containing 50 mg of aclarubicin-HCl were injected through a catheter placed in the hepatic artery or one of its branches, 2 or 3 times at intervals of 2 to 4 weeks. The effectiveness was confirmed by decreased levels of serum AFP and regression of the tumor size, and the accumulated survival rate for 6 months was 83.3%.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1985

Induction of interferon-gamma production by human natural killer cells stimulated by hydrogen peroxide.

Interferon (IFN)-inducing activity of hydrogen peroxide in human peripheral mononuclear cells was investigated. Among the mononuclear cells, purified nonadherent cells produced IFN, but not B cells and monocytes. The maximal titer of IFN by purified nonadherent cells was observed after a 72-hr cultivation in the presence of 10(-2) mM H2O2 without affecting their viability. Furthermore, the purified nonadherent cells, but not the unpurified mononuclear cells, showed an augmented cytotoxicity to K562 when stimulated with hydrogen peroxide. By using Percoll discontinuous density gradient centrifugation, peripheral blood nonphagocytic and nonadherent mononuclear cells were divided into the low and high density fractions for which natural killer (NK) cells and T cells were enriched, respectively. The NK-enriched low density fractions, but not the T cell-enriched high density fractions, showed IFN production by the stimulation of hydrogen peroxide. IFN production as well as large granular lymphocytes and HNK-1+, Leu-11+ cells of the NK-enriched fractions were abrogated by treatment of the cells with monoclonal antibody against human NK cells (HNK-1+) but not against T cells (OKT3) in the presence of complement. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide-inducing IFN production seems to be regulated by monocytes. The antiserum neutralizing IFN-alpha and IFN-beta failed to neutralize substantially IFN-produced NK cells. The treatment with either pH 2 or antiserum-neutralizing human IFN-gamma resulted in marked reduction, indicating that a major part of IFN was IFN-gamma. The purified nonadherent cells showed IFN production and augmented cytotoxicity when cultured separately from activated macrophages by opsonized zymosan; furthermore, both IFN production and enhancement of cytotoxicity were abrogated by catalase. These results suggest that both exogenous and endogenous hydrogen peroxide might be responsible for a part of immunoregulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on the mechanism of the estrogen action in human breast cancer].

Only some 50% of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients respond to hormone therapy. It is possible that the mechanism of the estrogen action is disturbed in malignant cells. In order to determine which steps of the mechanism are disturbed, cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptor and nuclear estrogen receptor were studied in 217 cases of human breast cancer. Thirty breast cancer tumors were examined for nuclear translocation of estradiol in vitro. The assessment of the translocation experiments showed good correlation to the ERN status by the DCC method. This experiment was considered to be a simple method of assessment of translocative ability.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical study on intact gamma-globulin (SM-4300) in surgical severe bacterial infections].

Intact gamma-globulin (SM-4300) was studied for its clinical efficacy in 13 of 23 cases of surgical severe bacterial infections. The drug was administered intravenously either 2.5 g/day for 3 days or 5 g for a day and the results were as follows. Clinical effects of SM-4300 in 13 cases of surgical severe bacterial infections were excellent in 1 case, good in 3, fair in 3 and poor in 6. SM-4300 was effective in all of 5 cases of intraperitoneal abscess. The elevation of serum IgG was observed after the administration of SM-4300 in all cases tested. As to complement, the slight elevation of serum CH50 was observed in the half of cases documented. Clinical side effects were not confirmed in any case. These results suggest that intact gamma-globulin (SM-4300) was effective in combination with antibiotics.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Effect of N-methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine on the fluidity of phospholipid bilayers.

The effect of N-methylphosphatidylethanolamine on phase transition and the fluidity of the liposomes made of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine was studied by the steady-state fluorescence polarization method and differential scanning calorimetry. N-methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine caused a decrease of fluidity of liposomes made of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, but had little effect on dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine. The liposomes prepared with both phosphatidylcholine and N-methylphosphatidylethanolamine and also phosphatidylethanolamine and N-methylphosphatidylethanolamine could be composed of solid solution and exhibited symmetric phase diagram.

Animals↗