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Biomedical subjects

M Aiach

Publications and source records attributed to M Aiach.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

An abnormal antithrombin III (AT III) with low heparin affinity: AT III Clichy.

We have identified an inherited qualitative deficiency of antithrombin III (AT III) in a family with apparently no increased incidence of venous thrombosis. Plasma antithrombin and anti-Xa activities were normal, but the interaction with heparin, heparan sulphate and low molecular weight heparin was uniformly decreased. An immunoblotting technique performed in plasma showed normal complex formation with thrombin. By using heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography and crossed immunoelectrophoresis, the variant could be separated: at least two fractions of low affinity AT III were obtained. A minor one had no antiprotease activity; the other one was further purified to homogeneity and found to have normal specific activity in absence of heparin and a 50% decreased activity in presence of heparin. We propose to call this new variant AT III Clichy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Prenatal pharmacology of low molecular weight heparin and pentosan polysulfate].

The aim of prenatal pharmacology is to evaluate the biologic effects to the fetus of a drug taken during pregnancy. Development of a new technic for collection of fetal blood samples in utero under ultrasound guidance allowed, by evaluation of maternal and fetal hemostasis, study of two low molecular weight heparins, PK 10169 (Lovenox) (table I) and CY 216 (Fraxiparine) (tableau II) and of pentosan polysulfate (Hemoclar) (table III). Under the operating conditions applied, the three molecules failed to diffuse across placenta during 2nd and 3rd pregnancy trimesters. This permitted treatment of eleven women at risk for eclampsia or thromboembolism with good clinical results, white confirming absence of circulating heparinemia at birth (umbilical cord blood).

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1987

[Biological monitoring of treatment with low molecular weight heparin].

Standard protocol for prophylaxis of postoperative thrombosis do not require biologic control examinations, whereas it is probable that biologic surveillance should be a deciding factor for treatment of constituted thromboses. Measurement of anti-Xa activity by chromogenic technics, using the LMWH international system of units, constitutes a logical solution in the present state of our knowledge.

Factor X↗
PubMed1986

Complications of intraarterial urokinase-lys-plasminogen infusion therapy in arterial ischemia of lower limbs.

Thirty-five patients with peripheral arterial occlusions were treated by intraarterial infusion of low-dose urokinase associated with bolus of lys-plasminogen. Thrombolysis was achieved in 26 cases (74%), but only 10 patients (28.5%) experienced sustained improvement. Complications of thrombolysis occurred in 11 patients: Five patients developed groin hematoma, five had distal emboli, and one experienced macroscopic hematuria. Catheter-related thrombosis was observed in 14 patients (40%) despite intravenous heparin. Nine patients suffered from recurrent thrombosis and three from proximal emboli. A patient died from catheter-related infection. Limited fibrinolysis could increase pericatheter thrombosis, and further work will be necessary to assess the local risk of intraarterial thrombolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Low-molecular weight heparins. Prospects in 1985].

Interaction of low molecular weight heparin (LMW-Hep) along with coagulation system is characterized through an increase of the proportion between activity anti-Xa and anticoagulation activity. In animals, their antithrombotic role can be compared with the heparin one. Longer life of the biological effect (close to 100 p. 100) enables to act subcutaneously as well as to reduce posology: only one injection is then required so as to prevent from post-operative thrombosis. There are neither method nor international standard to control preparations efficacy. At the moment, posologies are better to be expressed in mg. Trials are assessed in the treatments of thrombosis with results increasing therapeutic efficacy. Too high posologies did supply hemorrhagic syndromes in surgical patients. A biological survey is thus required. As usual tests, such as "time" of cephalin are slightly sensible to LMW-Hep, only anti-Xa activity can be used. LMW-Hep with a low anticoagulant action thus demonstrate a new concept of antithrombotic therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment with the urokinase-lysyl plasminogen combination of developmental outbreaks of arteriopathies].

Thirty patients with acute severe lower limb arterial obstruction were treated with local administration of low dose Urokinase associated with Lysyl Plasminogen. Fifty-three per cent primary and 40 p. 100 secondary successes were obtained with few complications but one death due to cerebral embolism related to the catheterisation procedure. This intra-arterial therapeutic association seems to be as effective as local streptokinase infusion, but it is much better tolerated than other forms of treatment. It could be the treatment of choice in acute occlusive arterial disease of the lower limbs providing the therapeutic indications are strictly respected.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Hereditary deficit of antithrombin III].

Antithrombin III is a well-known coagulation inhibitor. Its heterozygous deficit is demonstrated through concentrations reduced about by 50 p. 100. On a clinical level, about 40 p. 100 to 70 p. 100 patients present with deep venous thrombosis (visceral on the whole) and pulmonary embolisms from puberty. There are both qualitative and quantitative deficits, these appearing to be mostly frequent. Only calculation of activity in the presence of heparin (co-factor of heparin) enables to diagnose these two types of deficits. Treatment performed includes both AT III concentrated agents and heparin in severe cases. Recurrences prevention is performed thanks to antivitamins K. If surgical treatment or delivery, a prevention of any incidents thanks to a vicarious therapy (AT III concentrated agent) is to be used.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antithrombin III antigen in human platelets.

Immunoreactive AT III was found in human platelets. AT III antigen was quantified in platelets taken from each of 17 healthy donors by a specific competitive enzyme immunoassay using purified AT III and AT III antibodies. AT III antigen levels in extracts of washed platelets disrupted by freezing and thawing ranged from 32 to 140 ng per 10(9) platelets with a mean value of 70.3 +/- 27.3. When stimulated by arachidonic acid, the platelets released AT III antigen together with immunoreactive fibrinogen. These results show that AT III is present in platelets at a level corresponding to approximately 0.01% of total antithrombin in normal blood, and suggest that platelet AT III, like fibrinogen, is contained in the storage granules.

Antithrombin III↗