Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Adloff

Publications and source records attributed to M Adloff.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ciprofloxacin biliary disposition in cholecystectomised patients with special references to HPLC and bioassay data.

The biliary disposition of ciprofloxacin was studied in 12 recently cholecystectomised patients during 24 hours following a single oral administration of 500 mg of the drug. Ciprofloxacin was measured in serum, urine, bile and faeces by both high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and bioassay. The results were found to be comparable for the concentrations in serum (mean Cmax = 0.97 +/- 0.17 microgram/ml by HPLC and 1.08 +/- 0.19 microgram/ml by bioassay) and in urine (0.6 h: 267 +/- 74 micrograms/ml and 241 +/- 58 micrograms/ml respectively). Higher concentrations were found in bile when measured by bioassay compared with HPLC (peak concentration = 10.3 +/- 3.4 micrograms/ml and 7.5 +/- 2.8 micrograms/ml respectively; p less than 0.02). The total biliary elimination was also significantly higher according to bioassay data (2167 +/- 288 micrograms/ml versus 1587 +/- 222 micrograms/ml; p less than 0.01). This suggests a first pass effect and hepatic biotransformation of ciprofloxacin to one or more active metabolite (s).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphine stimulates HIV replication in primary cultures of human Kupffer cells.

Intravenous drug abusers represent a high risk group for HIV infection in Europe and North America. Although the use of blood-contaminated needles undoubtedly constitutes the main factor of transmission of the virus, an effect of the drug itself either on the immune system or on virus replication, thus favouring the initiation of the infection, may not be excluded. We have formerly established that primary cultures of human Kupffer cells (KC) are permissive for HIV1. In this paper, we describe the effect of morphine hydrochloride on the multiplication of different isolates of HIV1 in cultured human KC. KC were obtained by dissociation of human liver fragments with collagenase and purified by centrifugal elutriation. Five-day-old KC were infected with HIV1; at different intervals, the production of virus was quantitated by the reverse transcriptase activity associated with the particles present in the culture medium. In primary cultures of KC preincubated for 48 h and maintained in the presence of morphine, the production of viral particles was increased. This enhancing effect was found with 3 different HIV1 isolates. Treatment of KC with morphine prior to infection was not required for the stimulation to take place, which indicated that the enhancing effect was not related to a more efficient adsorption of the virus to the KC plasma membrane. Stimulation of HIV1 production was observed for all the concentrations of morphine used (0.05 to 0.5 mg/ml). These results, if confirmed in vivo, may shed new light on the risk factors related to the intravenous administration of heroin.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Randomized trial of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and cisplatin in advanced pancreatic cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Phase II trials of combined 5 fluorouracil, leucovorin and cisplatin have demonstrated an 18-28% response rate in advanced pancreatic carcinomas. We investigated the effect of this chemotherapy regime on patients' survival. METHODOLOGY: Patients included gave informed consent. They had an advanced and proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The trial was multicentric, prospective and randomized. It compared a 5-day course of leucovorin (200 mg/m2/day), 5-fluorouracil (375 mg/m2/day) and cisplatin (15 mg/m2/day) repeated every 21 days (23 patients) with a control group (22 patients). The main end points were survival time (Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods) a[not readable: see text]side effects of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Association of leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin failed to demonstrate any advantage of this regimen compared with supported care alone. Median survival times were 8.6 months (SD +/- 1.8) and 7.0 months (SD +/- 0.6), respectively. The modulation of 5-fluorouracil by leucovorin and cisplatin was well tolerated with moderate toxic effects. CONCLUSIONS: This multicentric trial failed to demonstrate any advantage of the evaluated chemotherapy regime in the palliative treatment of cancer of the exocrine pancreas. Other trials including gemcitabine and/or radiotherapy are needed in advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Can we define "histological tolerance" of the abdominal wall after the implantation of various prosthetic materials?].

This experimental work is a comparative trial in the rat of 6 inert prostheses (3 permeable and 3 non-permeable) that are regularly used in man for the repair of large abdominal wall defects. This is performed in both aseptic and septic conditions. Serial macroscopic and bacteriological observations were done. Quantitative histological criteria were defined to characterize the resistance and biological tolerance to the material. This shows that: 1. the width of the cellular reaction, the number of giant, inflammatory, fibroblastic cells confirms the superiority of meshes whatever the implantation conditions; 2. the proportion of fibroblasts to inflammatory cells is a histological expression of the solidity of the repair and of the biological tolerance to the material (Acta chir. belg., 1977, 76, 575-582).

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ileo-rectal anastomoses].

Ileorectal anastomosis is a classical method for re-establishing continuity after total colectomy. It is usually immediate and terminoterminal, but if local circumstances or emergency considerations demand it is carried out secondarily using mechanical sutures. The effects of colic suppression are rapidly compensated and the minimal functional sequelae are compatible with a normal life. Any change in intestinal rhythm or flow suggests organic alteration of the anastomosis or of the under- or overlying intestine. Ileorectal anastomosis is indicated whenever rectal resection is not obligatory. If this is not the case (polyadenomastosis-ulcerative coloproctitis) ileoanal anastomosis with reservoir currently allows definitive ileostomy to be avoided.

Adenoma↗