[Isotope-aided NMR spectroscopy of proteins].
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Biomedical subjects
M Abe
Publications and source records attributed to M Abe.
[Traumatic bilateral oculomotor nerve palsy: a case report].
A 28-year-old woman, with no past medical history, was admitted soon after a motor vehicle accident on March 1, 1990. On admission there were multiple small wounds in the right temporal region, but no wounds around the orbits. She was semicomatose with bilaterally fixed dilated pupils (6mm) and ptosis. The eyes were abducted bilaterally. No other cranial nerve palsy was noted. She moved four limbs spontaneously. No skull fracture was present on X-ray films. Cervical X-ray films revealed straightened cervical vertebral column but no fracture. Pelvic bone X-ray films demonstrated fracture and diastasis of the pubic bone. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a small subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage in the right ambient cistern. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) carried out 12 days after trauma demonstrated bilateral small subdural hematomas under the cerebellar tentorium and contusional lesions of the bilateral medial temporal lobes. There were no abnormalities present in the brain stem. The patient was treated conservatively with diuretics and steroids. Disturbance of consciousness gradually improved until one month after the trauma, when she came close to being alert. Bilateral ptosis cleared after 3 months, and adduction of the eyes recovered after 6 months. Vertical eye movement improved a little in 6 months. Fixed 6mm pupils changed to fixed 4mm pupils in 6 months. Bilateral traumatic oculomotor palsy is a rarely described condition, and its mechanism remains conjectural. We discussed the mechanism of the injury and the site of the lesion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Geographical aspects of bcl-2 gene involvement in Japanese patients with non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphomas.
Using three separate bcl-2 probes, we examined involvement of the bcl-2 gene in Japanese patients with non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphomas. Of 52 patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), 24 had rearrangements. In a group of 50 patients with diffuse lymphoma, three of 32 patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma had rearrangements. The frequency of rearrangements in each of these groups, as detected by both major and minor breakpoint cluster region probes, was compatible with that found in other Far Eastern studies. However, the difference in frequency between the groups studied in the Far East and the West was significant, and these two geographically distinct populations also displayed a difference in the breakpoint distribution. In the immunophenotype study of 33 patients with FL, the expression of CD10 antigen correlated with bcl-2 involvement, whereas none of the other B markers emerged as parameters to distinguish between the two lymphoma groups; those with, and without, the rearrangements.
Humans↗
[A case of dermatomyositis associated with thymic abnormalities].
A case of dermatomyositis (DM) associated with thymic cyst with lymphoid follicle formations has been reported. A 57-year-old man developed polyarthralgia, muscle weakness, heliotrope rash and Gottron's sign. Laboratory findings showed elevated values of creatine-phosphokinase, aldolase and transaminase. He was diagnosed as DM and was treated with prednisolone 50 mg/day. Muscle weakness was improved immediately, although rash persisted unchangeably. He was examined for coexistence of malignant tumor which had been reported frequently as associated with DM. Enlargement of thymus was found by computer tomography and then thymectomy was performed. In his thymus, lymphoid follicle formations, which are as often encountered in other autoimmune diseases, were found. So far, the beneficial effect of thymectomy on the improvement of immunological abnormalities not only in patients with myasthenia gravis but also in patients with other autoimmune diseases has been recognized. In this case, intractable rash in DM improved after thymectomy. Further study needs to clarify the relationships between DM and thymic abnormalities.
Dermatomyositis↗
[Evaluation of plasma SC5b-9 (SMAC) in patients with ARDS].
The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs in patients with various underlying illnesses. It has been suggested that complement activation may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ARDS by direct actions of complement fragments and/or by release of mediators including endotoxin, superoxide anion, and arachidonate metabolites. Therefore, complement evaluation was performed in patients with ARDS, with emphasis on SC5b-9 (Membrane Attack Complex). Complement split products, C4d, Bb, and SC5b-9, respectively from the classical, alternative, and terminal complement pathway were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using respective monoclonal antibodies. Plasma S-protein (vitronectin) concentration was also evaluated by EIA. We could not detect SMAC in normal controls or in a C5-deficient patient with abdominal infection. In contrast, most patients with ARDS and patients at risk showed elevated SMAC, and an increase in the values in association with exacerbation of the disease. However, two patients with ARDS exhibited lower values of SMAC in spite of deterioration and subsequent death. It was suggested that in these two ARDS patients, liver dysfunction may have contributed to the reduced SMAC formation. The finding that S-protein concentration (a MAC inhibitor) in the plasma of these two patients was reduced supports this speculation. It is suggested that simultaneous evaluation of SMAC and S-protein in plasma is helpful in determining the prognosis of critically ill patients.
Adolescent↗
Prolonged period of global ischemia causes no change in the GTP-binding proteins in the isolated perfused rat heart.
The response of the beta-adrenoceptor transduction system to global ischemia for 40 min was investigated in isolated working heart of rat. The enhancement of beta-adrenoceptors was not observed in the ischemic myocardium. A depression of forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase enzyme occurred with global ischemia, but no change in Gs or Gi2 was detected. Thus, the present in vitro ischemic heart model may not necessarily reflect the identical milieu induced by the in vivo myocardial ischemia.
Adenylyl Cyclases↗
Simple and accurate determination of methylpyrazines in biofluids using high-performance liquid chromatography.
The determination of six methylpyrazines was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methylpyrazines were simultaneously extracted and injected onto a silica gel column with a syringe-type minicolumn packed with diatomaceous earth granules. The extraction-injection solvent used was dichloromethane and the mobile phase solvent for HPLC was dichloromethane containing 0.08% of 1.65 M ammonia solution and 0.5% of methanol. Methylpyrazines were detected using an ultraviolet detector set at 275 nm. Linear relationships between the amount of sample and peak height were confirmed from 50 ng/ml to 10 micrograms/ml of the biofluids. When an aliquot of 10 microliters of biofluid was introduced to the minicolumn, the detection limit of methylpyrazines was as low as 30 ng/ml with each pyrazine derivative. The method is simple and accurate and is thus applicable to pharmacokinetic studies which are performed on animals. The results showed that the possible pharmacological effects of methylpyrazines might be evaluated pharmacokinetically using this newly developed technique.
Animals↗
Increased neuropeptide Y content in the arcuato-paraventricular hypothalamic neuronal system in both insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic rats.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay in selected hypothalamic regions microdissected from fresh brain slices of different types of diabetic rats. In spontaneously diabetic (BB) rats and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, an elevated concentration of NPY was detected in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and arcuate nucleus (ARH) of the hypothalamus. In Wistar fatty rats, a model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NPY concentration was also high in the PVN as compared to controls. When STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with insulin, elevated NPY content in the PVN returned to the normal level. These findings, together with our previous finding of increased secretion of insulin after microinjection of NPY into the PVN, suggest a crucial role of NPYergic neuronal system in the ARH-PVN area in controlling endocrine pancreas and glucose homeostasis.
Adipose Tissue↗
Congenital osteoclast deficiency in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice is cured by injections of macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Osteopetrotic (op/op) mice have a severe deficiency of osteoclasts, monocytes, and peritoneal macrophages because of a defect in the production of functional macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) resulting from a mutation within the M-CSF gene. In this study, we examined whether daily 5-microgram injections of purified recombinant human M-CSF (rhM-CSF) for 14 d would cure these deficiencies in the mutant mice. Monocytes in the peripheral blood of the op/op mice were significantly increased in number after subcutaneous injections of the factor two or three times a day. In contrast, osteopetrosis in the long bones of op/op mice was completely cured by only one injection of rhM-CSF per day. Bone trabeculae in the diaphyses were removed. Many osteoclasts were detected on the surface of bone trabeculae in the metaphyses. Although development of tooth germs of uninjected op/op mice was impaired, rhM-CSF injection restored the development of molar tooth germs and led to tooth eruption as a consequence of the recovery of bone-resorbing activity. These results demonstrate that M-CSF is one of the factors responsible for the differentiation of osteoclasts and monocyte/macrophages under physiological conditions.
Animals↗
The effect of X-ray irradiation on human retinal pigment epithelial cell proliferation.
To obtain a rationale for the use of radiation in the treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and to determine the appropriate dose of irradiation, we studied the in vitro growth of cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells after various doses of irradiation. At 48 h after plating, doses of 100-3000 cGy were given to the cells by Linac X-ray. On days 1, 3, and 7 after irradiation, cell growth was evaluated by cell number and DNA synthesis. At 7 days after irradiation, the cell number declined to 42% and 3.7% of control values after doses of 300 and 1000 cGy, respectively. Almost the same inhibitory effects were observed following doses of 1000 cGy and 3000 cGy. DNA synthesis was suppressed to 67.6% and 2.8% of control values on the 7th day after radiation doses of 500 and 1000 cGy, respectively. Low-dose irradiation can be used as adjunctive therapy for PVR, and doses of 500-1000 cGy are most likely needed.
Cell Count↗
Case report 675: Lipoblastoma of knee.
Lipoblastoma in the prepatellar region was observed in a 7-month-old girl. The diffuse (lipoblastomatosis) and circumscribed forms have different radiological appearances. Lobular proliferation of fatty tissue with fibrous septae is characteristic of the circumscribed form.
Female↗
A modified argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region (AgNOR) staining method for nucleolar staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded materials.
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Colon↗
Trace elements in human transitory milk. Variation caused by biological attributes of mother and infant.
Multielement analysis was performed on human milk collected on 5-9-d postpartum from 51 Japanese females using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry (MS), ICP atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and fluorometry. Thirty-one elements were detected by these analytical methods in milk. Twelve elements (Na, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Rb, and Mo) were detected in all of the samples. Al, Cs, and Ba were the elements detected by ICP-MS in more than half of the samples. Multiple regression analysis extracted biological attributes of mother and infant, such as maternal stature, maternal wt, or infant's birth wt, as statistically significant factors contributing to the variation in elemental concentration in milk. However, the rates of contribution were small in all cases. It was concluded that the biological attributes of mother and infant examined in this study were not the major factors that contribute to elemental variation in human milk.
Anthropometry↗
A radiotherapeutic experience for localized extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: prognostic factors and re-evaluation of treatment modality.
Between 1966 and 1988, 149 patients were treated with radiotherapy for localized extranodal lymphoma. The average total dose given was 39.8 Gy for low grade disease and 48.7 Gy for all other disease. Of the 149 patients, 60 also received adjuvant chemotherapy. Twenty-four had low grade lymphoma, 109 had intermediate grade disease, and 16 had high grade disease, histologically. The distribution of histological grade and T/B phenotype varied with the primary site. Low grade lymphomas were found mainly in the orbit, and T-cell lymphomas were found in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The 5-year survival rates according to tumor location were 89% for oral cavity, 86% for paranasal sinus, 83% for thyroid, 69% for orbit, 47% for Waldeyer's ring (WAR), 44% for testis, 23% for CNS, 21% for nasal cavity and 60% for other sites. Histological grade and T/B phenotype both had prognostic importance. Combined chemotherapy significantly improved the survival rate only for disease with intermediate or high grade histology. Other prognostic factors according to the primary site were the bulk of lymph node for WAR disease, the radiation dose for CNS disease, bone erosion for orbital disease, stridor for disease of the thyroid, and the tumor stage for disease of both the testis and the thyroid.
Adolescent↗
Excitatory synapse in the rat hippocampus in tissue culture and effects of aniracetam.
Excitatory synaptic connections between rat hippocampal neurons were established in tissue culture. The electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of these synapses were studied with the use of the tight-seal whole-cell recording technique. The excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) in a dissociated CA1 neuron evoked by stimulation of an explant from the CA3/CA4 region of the hippocampus had two distinct components in Mg(2+)-free medium. The fast component was abolished by the non-NMDA receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) (2 microM), whereas the slow component was abolished by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (D-APV) (50 microM). In solution containing 1 mM Mg2+, the peak amplitude of the fast component was almost linearly related to the membrane potential. In contrast, the conductance change underlying the slow component of the EPSC was voltage-dependent with a region of negative-slope conductance in the range of -80 to -20 mV. A nootropic drug, aniracetam, increased both the amplitude and duration of the fast component of the EPSC in a concentration-dependent manner in the range of 0.1-5 mM, whereas it had no potentiating effect on the slow component. Aniracetam (0.1-5 mM) similarly increased current responses of the postsynaptic neuron to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA). Current responses to quisqualate and glutamate in the presence of D-APV were also potentiated by aniracetam. However, neither NMDA- nor kainate-induced current was potentiated by 1 mM aniracetam.
2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
Effects of the mammalian lignan, 2,3-dibenzyl-butane-1,4-diol, on contraction and Ca2+ mobilization induced by noradrenaline in rat aorta.
1. In rat aorta, 2,3-dibenzylbutane-1,4-diol (DBB) inhibited noradrenaline (NA)-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of DBB was observed in verapamil-pretreated muscle, and did not differ from that in the high K+ solution containing verapamil (1.0 microM). 2. DBB inhibited not only contraction, but [Ca2+]i elevation induced by NA (10 microM) with the same potency. 3. The inhibitory effect of DBB on NA-induced contraction was reversed by methylene blue (3.2 microM) and enhanced by M&B 22,948 (10 microM). 4. DBB (100 microM) alone increased cyclic GMP levels. This effect was attenuated by methylene blue (3.2 microM) and augmented by M&B 22,948 (10 microM). 5. From these results, the inhibitory effects of DBB on NA-induced contraction in rat aorta may be caused by an increase of cyclic GMP levels.
Animals↗
Variations of the hypoxic fraction in the SCC VII tumors after single dose and during fractionated radiation therapy: assessment without anesthesia or physical restraint of mice.
Variations of the hypoxic fraction (HF) after single dose (13 Gy or 4 Gy) and during fractionated (5 fractions of 4 Gy, 1 or 2 fractions per day) radiation therapy were studied in SCC VII tumors implanted subcutaneously in the hind legs of C3H/He/Jms mice using the paired survival curve method. Whole-body irradiation was delivered to tumor-bearing mice without anesthesia or physical restraint, because both are known to increase the HF artificially. The HF decreased after a single 13 Gy dose in a biphasic fashion: extremely rapidly within 1 hr and comparatively slowly during the following 12-72 hr. On the other hand, nearly no fall of HF was observed in 24 hr following a single 4 Gy dose. Also, reoxygenation was found to occur more rapidly in the interfraction period as the number of fractions of 4 Gy increased irrespective of differences of interfraction time. However, the HF just before each radiation fraction was significantly higher than the pretreatment level for both fractionated regimens. Thus, the reoxygenation patterns observed after single low and high doses of irradiation were different from each other, and reoxygenation in each interfraction period did not always proceed in a similar manner to that after single low dose irradiation. Reoxygenation was facilitated as fractionated radiation therapy proceeded, but it was not sufficient for the HF to remain at a level comparable to that before irradiation.
Anesthesia↗
In vivo radiosensitizing activity of a new fluorinated hypoxic cell radiosensitizer, KU-2285, in combination with radiation dose fractionation.
Since most clinical radiotherapy is given as multiple small irradiation fractions, the present study was undertaken to test the in vivo radiosensitizing activity of a new hypoxic cell radiosensitizer, KU-2285, in combination with radiation dose fractionation. Radiosensitizing activity was measured by a growth delay assay using a transplanted mammary tumor in C3H/He mice, and by an in vivo-in vitro assay using the SCC VII tumor. KU-2285 was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before irradiation in all experiments. The in vivo-in vitro assay using SCC VII tumors showed that 12.5 micrograms/g of KU-2285 sensitized the tumors to irradiation (5 Gy/fr x 5 fr/48 hr or 6 Gy/fr x 3 fr/48 hr). KU-2285 also sensitized the transplanted mammary tumors to fractionated irradiation. We concluded that KU-2285 was able to sensitize two different murine tumors when given in combination with radiation dose fractionation.
Animals↗