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Biomedical subjects

M Abe

Publications and source records attributed to M Abe.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Determination of free follistatin levels in sera of normal subjects and patients with various diseases.

We developed an assay system for measuring free follistatin by using an anti-follistatin mouse monoclonal antibody and [125I]activin A. The sensitivity of this assay was 0.5 microgram/l and cross-reactivities with inhibin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and growth hormone were all less than 0.5%. The dose-response curves of human sera and follicular fluid were parallel to the standard curve, and the follicular fluid contained a large amount of follistatin (6.4 +/- 0.5 mg/l, mean +/- SEM; N = 13). The within- and between-assay coefficients of variation calculated from the analysis of serum samples of four different concentrations were 3.3-7.8% and 3.9-11.0%, respectively. The recovery rates of free follistatin at five different doses were 86.4 - 102.4%. When activin A was added to the same sample, free follistatin recovery rate declined dose-dependently. Gel filtration analyses of human serum and follicular fluid resulted in a single peak corresponding to authentic follistatin. Using this assay, free follistatin concentrations in sera were measured in normal, pregnant and diseased subjects. The free follistatin level in serum of normal adults was 3.5 +/- 0.2 micrograms/l (N = 60), which was significantly elevated in pregnant women (16.7 +/- 1.3 micrograms/l, N = 56), and in patients with chronic liver disease (8.1 +/- 1.1 micrograms/l, N = 20), chronic renal failure (6.7 +/- 0.9 micrograms/l, N = 42), advanced solid cancer (8.5 +/- 1.0 micrograms/l, N = 39) and hematological malignancies (6.8 +/- 1.0 micrograms/l, N = 18). These data indicated that the free follistatin concentration in serum is detectable and varies during pregnancy and in various diseased states.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effect of chronic high protein intake on magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus balance in growing cats.

The effects of high protein feeding on food and water intake, and the retention and urinary excretion of macrominerals (magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca)) were examined in growing cats. Seven female cats aged 4 months were fed diets containing 55% crude protein (n = 4) or 29% crude protein (n = 3) for 12 months on an ad libitum basis. Mineral balances were determined at 0.5, 2, 6, 10, and 12 months of feeding. The higher protein intake stimulated daily water intake and urine excretion throughout the study, although daily food intake was not affected by dietary protein levels. The urinary Mg concentration was decreased by the high protein intake, resulting from both increased urine volume and reduced excretion of urinary Mg. In contrast, the concentration and daily excretion of urinary P were increased by the high protein intake. The protein-induced increase in urinary P would not necessarily imply the increased excretion of PO4(3-), the anion responsible for struvite crystallization, because the dissociation of phosphate depends on urinary pH. Urinary Ca excretion was not affected by the dietary protein levels, but the high protein intake caused less retention of P and Ca as a result of enhanced urinary P excretion and lowered Ca absorption. The possibility of high protein feeding for the prevention of struvite crystallization in growing cats is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Histochemical analysis of acidic glycoconjugates in the endothelium lining the splenic blood vessels in the rat.

An electron microscopic analysis with specific histochemical stainings for acidic glycoconjugates was carried out to examine the endothelium lining blood vessels of the rat spleen. Histochemical staining performed was the postembedding high or low iron diaminethiocarbohydrazide-silver protein-physical development (HID or LID-TCH-SP-PD) method, with or without prior digestion with acidic glycoconjugate-degrading enzymes, such as heparitinase, testicular hyaluronidase, chondroitinase B and neuraminidase. The results indicated that the acidic glycoconjugates in the basal lamina of the endothelial cells lining the four types of blood vessel (central arteries, arterial capillaries, splenic sinuses and pulp veins) were heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate A and/or C, chondroitin sulfate B and sialic acid residues. In the endothelial cells lining the central arteries, arterial capillaries and pulp veins, the surface coat of the luminal plasma membrane included heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate A and/or C, chondroitin sulfate B and sialic acid residues, whereas the corresponding ultrastructure of the splenic sinuses was devoid of detectable amounts of acidic glycoconjugates. This suggests that such characteristic histochemical features of the endothelium in the four types of the splenic blood vessel can be related to the possible physiological functions of the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Near-death asthmatic reaction induced by disodium cromoglycate.

A near-death asthmatic reaction was induced by disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) as evidenced by positive skin and inhalation provocation tests. The patient's history revealed an episode of exacerbation by inhalation of DSCG. In spite of such an experience, he inhaled DSCG for relief of asthmatic attack, resulting in near-death exacerbation. This patient emphasizes the need to re-recognize that DSCG is not a reliever and the DSCG could cause fatal asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemical analysis of the endocrine cells in the pancreatic islets of cattle.

The distribution of endocrine cells and the areas of islets in the bovine pancreas were investigated by immunohistochemical methods. The islets in the A-region, which consisted of the left lobe, the ventral portion of the body, and the ventral and distal portions of the right lobe, contained a central core of insulin-containing (B-) cells surrounded by glucagon containing (A-) cells, a few somatostatin-containing (D-) cells and sporadic pancreatic polypeptide-containing (PP-) cells. The islets in the B-region, which consisted of the uncinate process, and the dorsal and proximal portions of the body and the right lobe, contained a central mass of B-cells, and peripheral cells which were predominantly PP-cells with a few D-cells but no A-cells. The areas of islets in the B-region were small as compared with those in the A-region. From these findings it is suggested that A- and PP-cells have a complementary relationship to one another. In view of this hypothesis, two types of islet, A-cell-rich and PP-cell-rich islets, were identified. The A-region contained A-cell-rich islets derived from the dorsal pancreatic primordium, while the B-region contained PP-cell-rich islets that originated from the ventral primordium. In the bovine pancreas, the areas containing PP-cell-rich islets are greater than those in previously examined species.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid. A clinical study of twenty-two cases.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the thyroid gland is a rare disease. In the present study, the survival rate and characteristics were retrospectively analyzed in 22 patients with stage IE and IIE thyroid NHL treated with radiotherapy with or without combination chemotherapy. Seventeen NHL had histological evidence of lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. The 5-year survival rate was 85% in all patients, with 100% and 63% respectively, for stage IE and stage IIE patients. The highly significant factor correlated with decreased determinate survival was concomitant stridor.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

1.8-megabases fine physical map encompassing IFNAR and AML1 loci on human chromosome 21q22.1.

A long-range restriction map of the 1.8-megabases (mb) region encompassing the area between the interferon-alpha receptor and the acute myelogenous leukemia loci on human chromosome 21q22.1 was constructed after analysis of both the contiguous yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clones and genomic DNA. Analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of lymphoblastoid DNA digested with three rare-cutting enzymes, Not I, Mlu I, and Nru I, revealed the positions of 17 markers on each restriction map. The 1.8-mb YAC contig that covers this region was obtained through YAC walking mediated by sequence-tagged sites (STSs), with 29 STSs including 12 newly generated YAC end-specific STSs. The consensus restriction map from 15 overlapping YACs and the positioning of the STS markers on each clone allowed 24 markers including 4 Not I-linking STSs to be ordered and mapped physically. Comparison of the maps revealed that the proximal region contains more unmethylated CpG islands than the distal region, which suggests that many expressed genes are in the proximal region. This fine consensus physical map will be informative and useful for construction of contigs of cosmid, P1, or BAC clones for further large-scale sequencing in this gene-rich region.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[Risk factors related to the wall thickness of the common carotid artery in elderly patients].

We used ultrasonography to evaluate atherosclerotic lesions in the common carotid arteries of 147 inpatients (82 men, 65 women; mean age, 72.2 years). We sought to determine the relation between these lesions and various risk factors for atherosclerosis, as well as the utility of ultrasonography in quantitative evaluation of atherosclerotic disease. A 7.5 MHz transducer was used and atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated on the basis of the thickness of their intimal-medial complex, which we term wall thickness. The relations between these measurements and age, sex, blood pressure, smoking history, lipid metabolism, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerotic disease were studied. Wall thickness of the common carotid arteries correlated with age (men: r = 0.45; women: r = 0.38). Brinkman Index (r = 0.25), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.44), diastolic pressure (r = 0.18), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, r = -0.23). Multiple regression analysis with these risk factors as explanatory variables showed that age, Brinkman Index, systolic blood pressure, HDL-C, and diabetes mellitus contributed significantly to increased wall thickness. Wall thickness was significantly greater in patients with atherosclerotic disease such as cerebral infarction and ischemic heart diseases. These findings indicate that appropriate treatment for multiple atherosclerotic risk factors may be necessarily in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Surgery for thoracic aortic aneurysm in the elderly patients with renal insufficiency and pulmonary disfunction].

Renal insufficiency and pulmonary disfunction are the major risk factors of surgical treatment for thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). The 1st case was 79-year-old female with ruptured TAA. The 2nd case was 76-year-old female with thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm. Both patients successfully treated with graft replacement using temporally shunt (12 mm Gore-Tex graft), tracheostomy and epidural analgesia.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Report of a case with re-mitral valve replacement for Björk-Shiley Delrin disc valve prosthesis--disc wear of the Delrin disc 20 years after implantation].

We reported a patient in whom slight congestive heart failure gradually developed 20 years after mitral valve replacement with a Delrin disc Björk-Shiley valve prosthesis. Although no evident cause of prosthetic valve malfunction could be detected preoperatively, the mitral prosthesis was excised and replaced uneventfully with a 29 mm St. Jude Medical valve prosthesis. At gross inspection, marked wears of the Delrin disc surface and strut shaped indentations were present. These disc variance, occurred much earlier than initially predicted by Dr. Björk, allowed prosthetic valve malfunction. The patient with this specific model should be carefully followed-up, if necessary, performed reoperation.

Heart Valve Prosthesis↗
PubMed1996

FDG-PET evaluation of therapeutic effects on VX2 liver tumor.

UNLABELLED: Transplanted VX2 liver tumor in the rabbit is an experimental liver tumor model in which 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) accumulates to a 3.5-fold level that surrounds normal liver tissue. In this study, changes in FDG uptake were assessed in this liver tumor model after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and radiotherapy. METHODS: Fifteen rabbits bearing VX2 liver tumors were treated with TAE with gelatin sponges 1 day before the FDG study, and 18 rabbits received local irradiation with electron beams at a dose of 12-36 Gy 1-10 days before the FDG study. In the FDG study, serial arterial blood sampling was performed to determine arterial input (AI), and 1 hr after tracer injection, normal liver tissue and tumor tissue were excised to measure radioactivity. The tumor FDG level per AI and the tumor-to-normal liver ratio were assessed. Dynamic PET images were obtained in 20 of the 46 rabbits. RESULTS: Tumor FDG uptake was significantly decreased 1 day after TAE (from 3.54 to 0.83 in the tumor-to-normal liver ratio) and 5 days after 30 Gy of irradiation (from 3.54 to 1.28). The decrease in tumor FDG uptake was dose-dependent, especially in the relatively low dose range (12-24 Gy). The untreated tumors could be clearly distinguished from the surrounding normal liver tissue, while the embolized tumors or the irradiated tumors were not clearly delineated. Histological analysis showed that the decrease in tumor FDG after treatment agreed well with the decrease in number of viable tumor cells. CONCLUSION: The VX2 liver tumor is an appropriate experimental tumor model for evaluating the change in FDG uptake in various therapeutic modalities. Moreover, the therapeutic effects can be assessed 1 day after TAE and 5 days after irradiation. Further clinical trials for the early evaluation of therapeutic effects on liver tumors using FDG-PET are warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Changes in serum lipoprotein (a) levels related to hyperlipidemia during pregnancy--comparing normal pregnancy and toxemia of pregnancy].

In this study, we investigated fluctuations in serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels in normal and toxemic pregnancy. We measured serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein and Lp(a) levels in 33 normal pregnant and 11 toxemic pregnant women at delivery and in 47 normal pregnant women throughout gestation. Lp(a) and apolipoproteins were detected by turbidimetric immunoassay. The levels of serum lipids, HDL and apolipoproteins were all increased in pregnancy. In toxemia of pregnancy, serum TC and PL levels were lower (p < 0.05) and the apolipoprotein C-III level was higher (p < 0.005) than in normal pregnancy. Serum Lp(a) levels increased until the 20th week and reached a value which was 1.5 times higher than at the 10th week. Thereafter Lp(a) levels were constant until the late stage of pregnancy. In contrast, serum TC and TG levels increased steadily throughout gestation. The serum Lp(a) level was 18.1 +/- 27.5mg/dl in normal pregnancy and 17.8 +/- 17.9mg/dl in toxemia of pregnancy. These results revealed changes in serum Lp(a) levels during pregnancy. Further studies will be required to clarify the metabolic control of Lp(a) in pregnancy and the matabolic disorders of lipids and lipoproteins in toxemia of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Severe laryngeal edema immediately after extubation in a 93 year old female].

A 93-year-old female, who had post-operative respiratory insufficiency, was treated with artificial ventilation for 8 days. Immediately after extubation, dyspnea, cyanosis and unconsciousness occurred. Severe laryngeal edema was found by bronchofiberscopy and reintubation seemed impossible. She underwent emergency tracheotomy and barely survived the critical state. It should be kept in mind that severe laryngeal edema might develop immediately after long term intubation in supergeriatric patients associated with hyponutrition.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Hepatic blood flow decreases during laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

Changes of median hepatic venous blood flow (MHVBF) and left portal venous blood flow (Lt. PVBF) were measured continuously in 31 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) by using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The patients were anesthetized with inhalation and epidural anesthesia. MHVBF and Lt. PVBF decreased from preoperative level of 317 +/- 61 ml.min-1, 522 +/- 86 ml.min-1 to 73 +/- 22 ml.min-1, 98 +/- 28 ml.min-1 after inflation with high pneumoperitoneum pressure and they recovered by deflation. These findings suggest that hepatic blood flow decreases by increased intraperitoneal pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of myocardial damage using 123I-BMIPP imaging in patients with vasospastic angina].

The purpose of this study is to determine whether left ventricular dysfunction following coronary artery spasm by 123I-BMIPP myocardial imaging. To reveal the clinical efficacy of 123I-BMIPP SPECT, 20 patients with vasospastic angina were studied using resting, 3-hour delayed image with 123I-BMIPP and exercise, 3-hour delayed image with 201Tl SPECT. 123I-BMIPP uptake was decreased compared to 201Tl (discordant) in 12 patients (60%) and in 49/100 myocardial segments (49%). The extent and severity score in resting image with 123I-BMIPP were significantly larger than that in delayed image with 201Tl (p < 0.01). In 123I-BMIPP SPECT, the severity score in the latest ischemia were significantly larger than that in others. The incidence of a complete agreement of decreased 123I-BMIPP uptake and coronary artery spasm was significantly higher (75%) than that in 201Tl (28%, p < 0.01). Furthermore, compared to 201Tl uptake, decreased 123I-BMIPP uptake much more corresponded to reduced wall motion in 9 of patients with mismatching. The severity of regional wall motion abnormality was significantly correlated with severity score of 123I-BMIPP. Late redistribution in delayed image with 123I-BMIPP was seen in 6 patients. The regional washout rate and the severity of regional wall motion abnormality in 6 patients was significantly lower than that in others (p < 0.05). Thus, metabolic abnormality assessed by 123I-BMIPP is well associated with left ventricular asynergy and spastic region in patients with vasospastic angina. In conclusion, 123I-BMIPP SPECT may sensitively delineate the impaired myocardium following coronary artery spasm, and it is very useful in diagnosing and estimating the severity of vasospastic angina.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Pleural fibroma with a cavity-like air space].

A 45-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of an increase in the size of an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray films over the preceding 5 years. A chest X-ray film on admission revealed a round air space in a mass-like shadow in the right upper lung field. Results of physical examination, sputum cytologic examination, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were negative. Histopathological examination of a percutaneous lung biopsy specimen revealed a benign fibrous tumor of the pleura. Thoracotomy revealed a pedunculated tumor arising from the visceral pleura at the apical segment of the right upper lobe. A wedge resection was done. Histological examination revealed that the tumor consisted of regularly-shaped spindle cells with densely collagenous tissue. Normal lung tissue was found to be invaginated into the tumor tissue. These findings are consistent with the radiologic findings.

Fibroma↗
PubMed1996

[Swyer-James syndrome with bronchial asthma and recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax].

An 18-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for treatment of the fifth episode of spontaneous pneumothorax. She had a history of repeated pneumonia in childhood and mycoplasma pneumonia at 12 years of age. A chest X-ray film revealed a left-sided pneumothorax, atelectasis of the left upper lobe, and hyperlucency of the left lung. A bronchogram showed poor filling of the peripheral bronchi by contrast medium and mild cylindrical bronchiectasis in the proximal bronchi. Pulmonary arteriography showed small left pulmonary arteries. From these findings, Swyer-James syndrome was diagnosed. This case was complicated by bronchial asthma, with eosinophilia, a high level of IgE, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Atelectasis, multiple bullae, and bronchial asthma had been caused by mycoplasma pneumonia in childhood. Recurrent pneumothorax had been caused by emphysematous changes in the bronchioli and by underdeveloped pulmonary arteries. Surgery to treat the recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax was considered, but was not done because of the risk of relapse and the ventilation-perfusion imbalance due to the Swyer-James syndrome.

Adolescent↗