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Biomedical subjects

M A Silva

Publications and source records attributed to M A Silva.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum among children of less than 5 years of age in the urban zone of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, 1996].

The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum among infants of less than 5 years of age, resident in the urban area of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, 1996/97, through parasitological examinations and epidemiological analysis of the diagnosed cases. It was a transverse study with domiciliary inquiry and we evaluated 1051 fecal samples processed by the Blagg method, and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining was used for research of oocysts of C. parvum. We can concluded that the prevalence of C. parvum (1.1%) was not statistically significant; 58.3% of the children with positive diagnosis presented diarrhea, suggesting an association between this sign and the presence of the parasites; C. parvum was more frequent among children aged between 25 to 36 months (50%), but this was not statistically significant; sex did not have a differential role in relation to the cryptosporidiosis; out of the 12 children with cryptosporidiosis, 10 had contact with domestic animals (dogs and or cats).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chagasic infection prevalence in blood donors at the Regional Blood Donation Center of Iguatu].

The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency of Trypanosoma cruzi infection among blood donors at the Iguatu Regional Hemocenter, CE, 1996 - 1997, using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and hemagglutination passive reverse (HPR) tests. Of the 3,232 donors analyzed a total of 61 (1.9%) were seropositive for chagasic infection. The greatest number of infected donors was found in the 41-50 year age group, while the majority of donors were in the 18-30 year age group. Of the total number of donors analyzed 2,991 (92.5%) were men and 57 (1.9%) of these were seropositive. In all 1,825 (56.5 %) of the donors were from a rural area. The results showed that the ELISA test detected 49 cases of infection, but HPR only 38, thereby demonstrating that the use of two or more different tests by blood banks prevents transfusion associated Chagas' disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiological trends for malaria in the cities of the upper Paraguay River basin, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil 1990-1996].

Through the Regional Office of the Brazilian National Health Foundation in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, we obtained numerical data on malaria for the upper Paraguay basin (UPB): 159 cases in 1990, 126 in 1991, 135 in 1992, 61 in 1993, 143 in 1994, 41 in 1995, and 20 in 1996, the majority of which were imported cases. There were no autochthonous cases in 1990, and since 1991 the rates of over 15% dropped to around 1.60%. Imported cases, corresponding to 0. 63% in 1990, increased in 1991 and 1992 to some 1.50%, and to 3.28% in 1993. Induced cases were recorded only in 1991 and 1992 (less than 1%). Most cases were between 16 and 45 years of age. There was a predominance of Plasmodium vivax in the thick blood smears. Although autochthonous cases of malaria are not the majority, the disease is still an important public health problem in the UPB in the presence of the Anopheles (N.) darlingi vector and human migration into the region.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of intestinal enema in labor preparation: analysis of advantages and disadvantages].

This study aimed at investigating the effects of intestinal cleansers on fecal contamination during labor and delivery amongst women assisted in a university hospital. The subjects were 90 pregnant women (43 normal births, 27 forceps and 20 caesarean sections). The population was divided in two randomized groups: with and without the use of intestinal cleansers. It was possible to conclude that intestinal cleansers did not provide faster labor and did not reduce fecal contamination. However, the women who had used an intestinal cleanser tended to regard it as positive.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacterial contamination of breast milk collected through manual expression and stored at room temperature]

OBJECTIVES: To the determine the bacterial contamination profile of unheated expressed breast milk, collected without rigid hygienic precautions and stored at room temperature for nine hours. The purpose was to give poor lactating mothers the alternative of storing their own milk out of refrigerator. A research on cultural, social and economical aspects as well as on donatorś knowledge about breastfeeding was considered necessary. METHODS: 35 donators were interviewed and an experimental investigation was performed with 33 samples of breast milk stored at room temperature (17 masculine C to 30.5 masculine C) and bacteriologically analyzed at zero, three, six and nine hours after collection. The same breast milk was stored at refrigerator (2 masculine C to 6 masculine C) as a control procedure. Total count of bacterial contents and identification of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were evaluated.RESULTS: The enterviews revealed the low socio-economical and cultural level of lactating mothers and their little experience in expressing, collecting and using their own milk. Bacteriological data analysis showed mesophyllous average of 7.1x10(3)UFC/mL, acceptable outline of bacterial contamination, despite the use of a simplified hygiene technique. After nine hours, samples stored at room temperature showed final average of bacterial contents similar to the first ones (7.3x10(3)UFC/mL) and without relevant statistic differences from the ones kept under refrigeration (p=0.05) for studied bacterias.CONCLUSION: This study shows that it is possible to use unprocessed breast milk for babýs consumption if it is stored at room temperatures until nine hours after it has been collected. However, mothers have to be told about the possibility of storing breast milk for babies later consumption.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chilaiditi syndrome associated the volvulus of the transverse colon].

The hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon (Chilaiditi's Syndrome) and associated volvulus of the transverse colon is a rare cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction. The preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. We report a 26-year-old- male case, symptomatic since childhood, whose diagnosis by barium enema was confirmed surgically in Hospital Universitário de Taubaté. He underwent a transversectomy, and presented an intestinal obstruction in the post-operative period. Two reoperations were required. He has remained well, with outpatient supervision.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus with the Rashkind technic. The initial experience of the Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, Brazil].

The authors report their experience with the percutaneous closure of the patent ductus arteriosus with the Rashkind technique. They performed 42 procedures with a success of 97.6% and one embolization episode. The mean age was 8.7 +/- 6.7 years, the mean weight was 25.0 +/- 15.8 Kg and the minimum diameter of the ductus was 4.0 +/- 1.3 mm. The immediate overall prevalence of residual shunt was 48.8% falling to 21% in a mean follow-up of 17 +/- 13 months in 29 cases. Two patients underwent late reocclusion: one with a new umbrella and the other with a coil. Another patient had an immediate severe residual shunt and it was reoccluded in the same procedure with a coil. The anatomical type and minimum internal diameter of the ductus, age and weight, size of the umbrella and the rotation of the umbrella were not predictors of residual shunt. There were no deaths, hemolysis, endarteritis or fracture of the umbrella's arms. One patient remained with a slight gradient in the left pulmonary artery. The authors conclude that the Rashkind technique is safe and efficient and has good long term results. It should be considered as the first line therapeutic modality in the treatment of selected patients with persistent ductus arteriosus.

Academies and Institutes↗