[Improved diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis and systematic monitoring in patients at high risk of infection].
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Aspergillosis↗
Biomedical subjects
M A Schouten
Publications and source records attributed to M A Schouten.
In vitro activity of a nonmedicated handwash product, chlorhexidine, and an alcohol-based hand disinfectant against multiply resistant gram-positive microorganisms.
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Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
Molecular analysis of Tn1546-like elements in vancomycin-resistant enterococci isolated from patients in Europe shows geographic transposon type clustering.
Resistance mechanism relatedness was studied in 18 clinical, European vanA vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Molecular analysis revealed 10 Tn1546-like elements, suggesting two evolutionary lineages. Lineage I dominated the European mainland, and lineage II dominated the United Kingdom and Israel. Geographic clustering reflected different types of meat consumption between countries, since each lineage is associated with colonization of different animals.
Adolescent↗
Prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in Europe.
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in Europe. Overall, 49 laboratories in 27 countries collected 4,208 clinical isolates of enterococci. Species identification, susceptibility testing, and van gene determination by polymerase chain reaction were performed in a central laboratory. Overall, 18 vanA and 5 vanB isolates of VRE were found. The prevalence of vanA VRE was highest in the UK (2.7%), while the prevalence of vanB VRE was highest in Slovenia (2%). Most vanA and vanB VRE were identified as Enterococcus faecium. Most VRE isolates originated from the patient's urogenital tract, skin, or digestive tract. VRE were equally distributed among clinical departments, with no clear preponderance in any single patient group. A total of 71 isolates containing the vanC gene were identified. The prevalence of vanC VRE was highest in Latvia and Turkey, where rates were 14.3 and 11.7%, respectively. Two-thirds of these isolates were identified as Enterococcus gallinarum and one-third as Enterococcus casseliflavus; the majority of these isolates were cultured from feces. Almost all isolates were obtained from hospitalized patients, mostly children. The highest prevalence of high-level gentamicin-resistant enterococci was seen in Turkey and Greece. In general, the distribution of this resistance type seemed unrelated to the occurrence of VRE. The prevalence of vanA/ vanB VRE in Europe is still low; the majority of the VRE isolates exhibit the vanC genotype and colonize the gastrointestinal tract of hospitalized children.
Adolescent↗
Nosocomial transmission of Bordetella bronchiseptica.
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Aged↗
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of enterococci causing infections in Europe. The European VRE Study Group.
In vitro susceptibilities of 4,208 enterococci (83% Enterococcus faecalis isolates, 13.6% Enterococcus faecium isolates, and 3.4% isolates of other species) from patients in 27 European countries towards 16 antibiotics were determined. High-level resistance to gentamicin varied by country (range, 1 to 49%; mean, 22.6% +/- 12. 3%) and per species (19.7% E. faecalis isolates, 13.6% E. faecium isolates, 3.4% by other species). Vancomycin resistance was detected in 0.06% E. faecalis, 3.8% E. faecium, and 19.1% isolates of other species. All enterococci were susceptible to LY 333328 and everninomicin, and 25% of E. faecalis isolates and 85% of other enterococci were susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin. The MIC of moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin for ciprofloxacin-susceptible E. faecalis at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited was 0.25 to 0.5 microg/ml.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Comparative in-vitro activities of quinupristin-dalfopristin against Gram-positive bloodstream isolates.
The in-vitro activity of quinupristin-dalfopristin was compared with those of vancomycin, teicoplanin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, rifampicin, imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin against 414 bloodstream isolates of Gram-positive cocci. Quinupristin-dalfopristin inhibited strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus agalactiae at 0.12 mg/L, methicillin- and/or erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis at 0.5 mg/L, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus bovis, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus anginosus at 1 mg/L and Enterococcus faecalis at 8 mg/L.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗