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Biomedical subjects

M A Roy

Publications and source records attributed to M A Roy.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Glomerulonephritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Report of a patient with chronic ulcerative colitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and acute glomerulonephritis.

We report the case of an 18-yr-old man with quiescent ulcerative colitis complicated by concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Findings on immunofluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy suggested that glomerular injury occurred secondary to the deposition of circulating immune complexes. Renal disease responded to treatment with corticosteroids. A review of the literature found similar cases of glomerulonephritis and inflammatory bowel disease, but no previous association with sclerosing cholangitis has been recognized. The pertinent clinical, immunological, and pathophysiological aspects of this association are reviewed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Micronodular cirrhosis after thiabendazole.

Hepatotoxicity secondary to the administration of thiabendazole has been rare since this drug was produced in 1964. In 14 of 15 patients reported previously in the literature, severe intrahepatic cholestasis resolved within seven months of the onset of illness. A recent report documented the progression to cirrhosis in a 15th patient. We report the second case of a patient with intrahepatic cholestasis that developed after treatment with thiabendazole and progressed to severe micronodular cirrhosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Reliability and validity of the Omnitron hydraulic resistance exercise and testing device.

This study assessed the measurement reliability and validity of the Hydra-Fitness Omnitron, a microprocessor-controlled isokinetic ergometer that provides concentric resistance for dynamic extension and flexion movements as well as resistance for isometric contractions. Maximal peak torque output measured by the Omnitron and strain gauge devices connected to the apparatus were compared in 26 physically active males who were tested over 3 days for isometric knee extension and isokinetic knee flexion/extension at two resistance levels. Maximal torque outputs remained stable on days 2 and 3 (p less than 0.05), and intraclass reliability yielded r = 0.94 to 0.98. There was no difference between the slopes of the regression lines for the different experimental conditions (p less than 0.05). There was significant improvement between day 1 and days 2 and 3 that corresponded to a combination of a training and learning effect. Thus, one practice session was necessary to obtain reliable individual differences. The validity correlations between peak torque output measured from the Omnitron and strain gauges were greater than r = 0.94. There was a small discrepancy (0.44 to 0.88 Nm) between the two measuring devices that can be explained by the difference in shank pad positioning that accommodates for different segment lengths. We conclude that reliability and validity were excellent over a wide range of torque outputs measured during maximal isometric and maximal dynamic double concentric flexion and extension movements.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Duodenal Crohn's disease: an analysis of 89 cases.

Duodenal Crohn's disease has an estimated incidence of 1% to 2% among patients with Crohn's disease. We report 89 patients with duodenal Crohn's disease. Common symptoms were upper abdominal pain and symptoms of gastroduodenal obstruction. Contiguous disease of the gastric antrum and duodenum was present in 60% of patients. Endoscopic examination revealed abnormalities in 62 of 67 patients. Granulomas or granulomatous inflammation was found in 37 of 76 patients. Forty-nine patients treated medically were followed up for 2-25 yr (median 9.7 yr). Good to excellent results were obtained in 45 patients. Thirty-three patients required surgical intervention, usually for gastroduodenal obstruction. Reoperation was required in eight patients, seven of whom had had vagotomy with gastroenterostomy or subtotal gastrectomy. In two of these seven patients, marginal ulcers developed. Both patients had had gastroenterostomy and vagotomy. Our experience does not support the routine use of vagotomy when a bypass procedure is performed. Good to excellent results were achieved in 26 of the 30 surgically treated patients followed up for more than 1 yr (1-43 yr; median 11 yr). Measured in terms of need for surgical intervention, gastroduodenal disease generated considerably less morbidity than did distal Crohn's disease (p less than 0.001). Most patients achieved good to excellent results whether treated medically or surgically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Modification in movement accuracy in the triphasic pattern during a rapid forearm-flexion task.

The present study was designed to investigate modifications in the triphasic EMG pattern during a forearm-flexion task at maximum speed which required three levels of movement accuracy. 36 subjects participated in 4 training sessions, performing a total of 200 repetitions of each movement. The fastest movement time was associated with the least accurate movement task. Likewise, the slowest movement time was found for the movement requiring the greatest accuracy. Differences in the duration and amplitude of agonist 1 activity, the start of agonist 2 activity, and the start and amplitude of antagonist activity were observed for the three movements. The results indicate that agonist 1 provides a propulsive force to initiate limb movement. The antagonist EMG activity was thought responsible for braking and correcting limb movement. Modifications in agonist 2 activity suggest this burst is related to movement velocity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Subspecies differences in curiosity and general activity for developing squirrel monkeys.

Curiosity and general activity characteristics in different squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) phenotypes were assessed. Ten infant squirrel monkeys, representing 2 subspecies (Bolivian and Colombian) and both genders, were observed on 4 testing sessions during which novel and familiar objects were presented to each subject. No consistent object-contact differences were found between subspecies or genders, but significant subspecies differences were found for the amount of time during each trial that the subjects climbed, remained stationary, vocalized, and showed abnormal behaviors. Familiar objects were handled most often, whereas novel objects that were shiny or yellow were moderately preferred.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Motion sickness-induced food aversions in the squirrel monkey.

Conditioned aversions to colored, flavored water were established in Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) by following consumption with 90 min of simultaneous rotational and vertical stimulation. The experimental group (N = 13) drank significantly less of the green, almond-flavored test solution than did the control group (N = 14) during three post-treatment preference testing days. Individual differences were noted in that two experimental monkeys readily drank the test solution after rotational stimulation. Only two of the experimental monkeys showed emesis during rotation, yet 10 monkeys in this group developed an aversion. These results that (1) motion sickness can be readily induced in Squirrel monkeys with simultaneous rotational and vertical stimulation and (2) that conditioned food aversions are achieved in the absence of emesis in this species.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Social and reproductive behaviors in surrogate-reared squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).

A colony of 16 surrogate-reared squirrel monkeys was observed for the adequacy of social and reproductive behaviors at maturity. Aside from some self-directed abnormalities centering around nonnutritive orality, this group was behaviorally normal in spite of having no contacts with mother-reared, older conspecifics. Half (N=5) of the females gave birth, with four infants viable. One infant has remained with the colony and is thriving. The other three remained with the group for as long as 42 days before death or removal. Maternal care appeared adequate. Mean estimated conception age for females was 35 months, and the mean impregnation age for males was estimated to be 42 months.

Animals↗