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M A Piens

Publications and source records attributed to M A Piens.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Fluorimetric assay of serum 5-fluorocytosine].

A manual and fast procedure for the fluorimetric determination of 5-fluorocytosine in the serum, after extraction by chloroform is described. The intra-assay variation was between 3,1 and 4,1%; the inter-assay variation was 4,8%. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by the microbiological method. The determination of 5-fluorocytosine by this method is not possible if the sample contains ketoconazole or 5-fluorouracil.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1985

[Actinomycoses. Anatomopathological study. Apropos of 10 cases].

From 1975 to 1983, ten cases of actinomycosis have been reported. The anatomical localizations were cervicofacial (3 cases), thoracic (2 cases), abdominal (4 cases) and aneurysmal (1 case). The interest and limits of sampling and histological staining methods are discussed. In 8 cases out of 10, the surgical biopsy established the diagnosis of actinomycosis. The "actinomycosis granule" is revealed by the standard staining and characterized with the Gram stain. This latter allowed us to confirm the diagnosis of actinomycosis in 6 cases and to rectify it in 3 other cases that were botryomycosis. Culture of tissue gave the diagnosis in one case of actinomycosis non identified by histology.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1984

[Congenital toxoplasmosis. Tolerability of the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination. 24 cases].

The pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine combination, active against acute toxoplasmosis in the mouse, was administered to 24 children with congenital toxoplasmosis in doses of 500 mg sulfadoxine and 25 mg pyrimethamine per 20 kg bodyweight once every fortnight. The drug appeared to be as effective as other sulfonamide-pyrimethamine combinations. It was generally well tolerated and was withdrawn in only 3 patients on account of minor side-effects. Giving pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine together with folinic acid is a much simpler treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis than the usual ones.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Pulmonary mucormycosis. Apropos of a case with serologic confirmation].

We report a new case of primary pulmonary mucormycosis. The radiographic evidence and anatomopathological facts demonstrate an intra-cavitary mycetoma of Fowler associated with a chronic pneumonia in the left basal segment. The patient was not immunosuppressed but had undergone a left upper lobectomy 25 years before. This appears to be the first case in which a serological study has confirmed the diagnosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Serum levels of ketoconazole in bone marrow transplanted patients.

Seven patients with acute leukemia were treated by allogenic bone marrow transplantation from HLA matched sibling. The conditioning regimen was classical using cyclophosphamide and Total Body Irradiation, followed by methotrexate. All patients were given ketoconazole (400 mg per day in a single dose) as antifungal prophylaxis for 6 months. Serum ketoconazole levels were measured using the inhibition assay of mycotic culture in gelose, and they were studied at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after ketoconazole ingestion, and repeated serially after bone marrow transplantation. In these transplanted patients, absorption of ketoconazole could be delayed, with the maximum levels at 4 h or 6 h after ingestion. Most measurements showed appropriate levels (maximum levels greater than 1 mg/l) even after the third week post transplantation. With the exception of severe acute GVH disease (1 patient), the ketoconazole absorption was adequate in minor or mild GVH disease (6 patients) and in chronic GVH disease (2 patients). In four patients ketoconazole absorption was compared with gut absorption tests (Schilling's test, Iron absorption test, xylose test): In all patients the maximum serum levels of ketoconazole were correct, even in three patients with abnormal gut absorption tests. In this series, no life-threatening mycotic infection occurred, and the three deaths observed showed no mycotic infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnosis of isolated hypereosinophilia in parasitology (378 cases)].

378 cases of isolated hypereosinophilia (eosinophils greater than 500 by mm3 of blood) are presented. The diagnosis was done for 189 cases: 184 parasitic diseases and 5 non parasitic diagnosis (3 neoplastic syndromes). The diagnosis was done more often if patients came back from a tropical area, if hypereosinophilia was observed on two samples of blood, if hypereosinophilia was major (greater than 2,500 eosinophils). The diagnosis was not done for 189 cases, but 49 patients have had an allergic disease. Drug etiologies are certainly underestimated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Specific antibody detection in human aspergillosis: a GEMO* multicentre evaluation of a rapid immunoelectrophoresis method (Paragon). Group d'Etude des Mycoses Opportunistes.

A new immunoelectrophoresis system, the Paragon system, was evaluated in three different hospital centres with the aim of improving standardization of the serodiagnosis of human aspergillosis. To select the most efficient antigen, various commercial and home-made antigens were first tested on 19 sera from 19 patients with highly probable aspergillosis. The value measured using the Paragon anti-Aspergillus antibody detection system was then compared with the results obtained by conventional serological diagnostic methods (conventional immunoelectrophoresis, enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence): this step was performed using the first 19 sera as well as 16 other sera from 13 patients with suspected aspergillosis. Concordant results were obtained in 28 cases. The discrepancies observed with seven sera were probably related to differences in the nature of the antigens. Paragon immunoelectrophoresis proved to be a practicable technique requiring only a small amount of serum and giving results within a shorter time than competitive methods (24-48 h). Its major drawbacks compared with conventional immunoelectrophoresis are some difficulties in reading, fewer precipitin lines and the relatively high cost of routine analysis.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of aspergillosis and other invasive filamentous fungal infections in hematology].

OBJECTIVE: Invasive filamentous fungal infections (FFI) are difficult to diagnose in the department of hematology; a variety of arguments are necessary to confirm the fungal origin. Our study evaluated prospectively, in a large population in South Eastern France, the diagnostic techniques used ante and post mortem (mycology, anatomopathology, serology and aspergillosis antigens) to prove an FFI. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty eight neutropenic patients with obvious, probable, highly probable or presumed FFI were selected. Since completion of this study, a new classification of aspergillosis, with 3 instead of 4 levels of diagnosis, has been defined by the ICAAC in San Francisco but has not yet been published. Mycological or histological examinations were been performed on broncho-alveolar washings (BAW), puncture liquids or biopsies. Serology used precipitation, hemagglutination, immunofluorescence or ELISA techniques. Aspergillosis antigens were researched using the Pastorex method (agglutination of latex particles), launched at the beginning of the study. RESULTS: Invasive aspergillosis was diagnosed in 43.4% of patients, a non-aspergilla FFI in 6.5%, and no fungi was isolated in the cultures of 50% of patients. Ante mortem, 160 patients underwent BAW with a total of 175 samples. Among the latter, 41.7% mycological examinations were positive (presence of mycelium filaments and/or positive cultures) with 68.7% of Aspergillus fumigatus. Of the 48 puncture liquids, 25% of direct examinations and 29% of cultures were positive. Biopsies were taken from 59 patients and explored for mycology: 63.8% of direct examinations and 46.8% of cultures were positive; for those explored histologically, 76.7% revealed the presence of mycelium filaments. Post mortem, 17 patients out of 79 deceased underwent a total of 24 autopsy or biologic sampling. For 5 patients, FFI was diagnosed post mortem. Aspergillus serology and antigen explorations were conducted respectively in 202 and 182 patients and were positive in 31% and 33%. The presence of antibodies appears to be a good prognostic factor compared with the presence of antigens. CONCLUSION: Biological diagnosis of FFI relies on the multiplicity of examinations and renewal of mycological sampling.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Flubendazole in human Echinococcus granulosus hydatidosis. Preoperative care: parasit-pharmacologic study].

The effect of flubendazole in human hydatic disease due to E. granulosus has been studied in 22 patients with one or several hydatic cysts of different sites. Flubendazole has been given orally before surgery for a 10 days mean period, at 4 g daily in adults and 1 g daily in children. Flubendazole has been titrated by radioimmuno-assay in sera, urines and bile taken 12 to 24 hours after the last ingestion and in the hydatic cyst (membranes and liquid). The scolex vitality was determined by direct optic microscopy and by intra-peritoneal mouse inoculation. Seven non-treated patients, without hydatic disease, were considered as controls. The flubendazole concentrations in sera (3.01 +/- 3.73 ng/ml) and in urines (7.6 +/- 7.5 ng ml) are low. They are also low in membranes (3.21 +/- ng/mg) and in hydatic liquid, but significantly more elevated in the hepatic localisation than in the pulmonary localisation. The bile concentrations are high (167.9 +/- 133.2 ng/ml). There is no correlation between these concentrations and the amounts of flubendazole administered. The scolex vitality was correlated neither with the amounts of flubendazole administered, nor with the concentrations of flubendazole in the hydatic cyst. Further studies are necessary before judging of the efficacy of flubendazole in the human hydatic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Albendazole. Evaluation of tolerance and efficacy in oxyuriasis, trichocephaliasis, ankylostomiasis, ascaridiasis, anguilluliasis].

Albendazole was given to some men for the first time. 131 patients (43 children) received different dosages, without clinical intolerance. Biological parameters were normal. Each study was made in two parts: - determination of the good dosage, - administration in a double-blind study (except for Strongyloides Stercoralis). Albendazole has a good efficiency against Enterobius Vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides and Necator americanus. Strongyloides Stercoralis seems to be killed by this drug, but complementary studies will be necessary.

Adult↗