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Biomedical subjects

M A Osborne

Publications and source records attributed to M A Osborne.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of persistent carpal tunnel syndrome.

Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess nine median nerves in the wrists of seven patients who had signs and symptoms of persistent compressive median neuropathy despite previous carpal tunnel release. Intraoperative findings were then correlated in eight surgically treated cases with both MRI findings and postoperative results. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested a potential abnormality in each of eight operative cases. These findings correlated very well with both intraoperative observations and postoperative results, which indicated that some abnormality involving either the median nerve or the transverse carpal ligament had been present in all cases. Magnetic resonance imaging proved to be a sensitive and specific tool in the evaluation of persistent postoperative median nerve compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Maternal-fetal outcomes in prolonged pregnancy.

The intrapartum fetal heart rate changes, type of labor, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcome were evaluated in 379 consecutive continuously monitored prolonged pregnancies (greater than 42 weeks by history and early examination). These represent only a fraction of the total prolonged gestation population. There were 56% multiparous women, 33% less than 20 years of age, and 95% with cephalic presentation. Oxytocin was given to 76% (48% induced, 28% enhanced). Delivery was by cesarean section in 13% of patients (9% of induced cases), and 15% had forceps deliveries. Fetal heart rate alterations were observed in high proportion. Cesarean section for cephalopelvic disproportion was indicated in 60% of operations, and 13% of the fetuses weighed greater than 4000 gm. Depression occurred in 15% of infants at 1 minute and in 4% at 5 minutes. Prolonged hospital stay was seen in 9%, and postmaturity syndrome in 19%. There were four perinatal deaths (two corrected). Active induction does not appear to increase the cesarean section rate. The durations of predelivery observation may be longer because the cervices are frequently unripe. There is a high incidence of fetal heart rate alterations. Induction appears justified as an active intervention to prevent some sudden unexplained deaths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Yeast proteins that recognize nuclear localization sequences.

A variety of peptides can mediate the localization of proteins to the nucleus. We have identified yeast proteins of 70 and 59 kD that bind to nuclear localization peptides of SV-40 T antigen, Xenopus nucleoplasmin, and the yeast proteins Ga14 and histone H2B. These proteins are assayed by the binding of peptide-albumin conjugates to proteins immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. These binding proteins fractionate with nuclei and are extractable with salt but not detergent. Radiolabeled peptide-albumin conjugates also bind to isolated nuclei; the binding is saturable and can be extracted with salt. Different nuclear localization peptides compete with each other, implying that a single class of proteins is responsible for their recognition. The 70- and 59-kD proteins have the properties expected for a receptor that would act to direct proteins to the nucleus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

The efficacy of tilted axial MRI of the CNS.

The angle between the straight axial plane and the orbito-meatal line was measured in 156 consecutive magnetic resonance examinations. Inconsistent head positioning caused this angle to vary by as much as 44 degrees. Careful positioning of the patient by the technologist can minimize this variability, leading potentially to improved image interpretation. To assess the merit of a standardized orientation for MR examinations of the head, straight axial and tilted axial MR scans were compared in 34 patients. The tilted images were obtained parallel to the orbitomeatal line and were found to be superior for visualization of the cerebellum. When correlative x-ray CTs are available or when an abnormality in the posterior fossa is suspected, tilted axial MR scans should be employed.

Brain Diseases↗