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Biomedical subjects

M A Nerbonne

Publications and source records attributed to M A Nerbonne.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Relative intelligibility of the revised CID W-1s as presented via MLV and auditec recordings.

The relative intelligibility of the revised CID W-1 spondaic word list, as developed and recommended for clinical use by ASHA, was evaluated in two experiments. In Experiment 1, the revised W-1s were presented via monitored live voice to 25 subjects with normal hearing. Mean minimum recognition levels for each of the 36 spondees varied between 16.8 and 25.2 dB SPL, a range of 8.4 dB. In Experiment 2, the Auditec recordings of the revised W-1s were presented to a different group of 20 subjects with normal hearing. Mean minimum recognition values for the individual spondees varied between 18.1 and 30.6 dB SPL, a range of 12.5 dB. Thus, the homogeneity of audibility for the revised W-1s is no better than has been noted in the past for the original W-1s and, in the case of the Auditec recording, is considerably worse. A reduced list of spondees with improved homogeneity of audibility is recommended for clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Case study examples using self-assessment.

The following case studies demonstrate the application of self-assessment techniques. The selection of procedures reported here is not meant to imply necessarily that these procedures are more or less effective or more widely used than other available self-assessment tests, but rather to illustrate the various purposes for which self-assessment tools may be employed. Case 1 illustrates the contribution of data obtained from the Hearing Performance Inventory (Giolas, Owens, Lamb, & Shubert, 1979) in the management and counseling of a severely hearing impaired adult. Case 2 involves the use of the Hearing Problem Inventory developed by Hutton in Atlanta (HPI-A, Hutton, 1987). Application of the Self-Assessment of Communication (SAC) and Significant Other Assessment of Communication (SOAC) (Schow and Nerbonne, 1982) is shown in Case 3, whereas Case 4 demonstrates the usefulness of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE, Ventry and Weinstein, 1982). Both the SAC/SOAC and HHIE batteries involve problem cases associated with hearing aid fitting and assessment of benefit. The final illustration (Case 5) is a report on the Children's Auditory Processing Performance Scale (CHAPPS), a new questionnaire developed by Smoski, Brunt, and Tannahill/ISHA (1987) for assessing parent's judgment of children's listening abilities (Appendix). The versatility of self-assessment applications across a broad assortment of impairment levels, age groups, and clinical settings is demonstrated in these cases. Hopefully the reader will see more clearly the application and value of these and other non-audiometric techniques and will be motivated to increase the use of self-assessment tools in the individual work setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Verbal transformation patterns in children with articulation defects.

If the motor theory of speech perception is at least partially true, children with articulation problems should do relatively poorly in a typical verbal transformation task. Twelve children aged from 6 yrs 10 mo to 8 years 10 mo with misarticulation of /s/ were compared with 12 matched children with normal speech. Since children with articulation errors have difficulty processing time-compressed speech, the two groups were differentiated also on the basis of a speech discrimination task involving time-compressed stimuli. All Ss listened to three 1-min presentations of the nonsense word /sus/ played repeatedly with a 400-msec interstimulus interval; they pressed one of 4 buttons for each stimulus indicating perception of /sus/, /theta us/, /fus/, and "other." There were fewer transformations for the experimental group and different response profiles for the two groups, suggesting a less mature perception-production linkage in those with articulatory problems.

Association↗
PubMed1980

Hearing levels among elderly nursing home residents.

Specific frequency and degree of hearing loss data were determined for 202 elderly nursing home residents (159 females, 43 males) drawn from five nursing homes in three cities. Mean hearing levels and distribution of degree of hearing loss are presented for subjects by decade groups. Data also are presented by sex and by ear. Pure tone averages (500, 1000, 2000 Hz) for the better ear showed a substantial deterioration in each decade interval beginning from ages in the 60s and extending into the 90s. The prevalence of loss of hearing sensitivity for all subjects was 82% when a 26 dB pure tone average was used as a cutoff; 48% had pure tone averages greater than 40 dB. Consideration of collapsed ear canals on a sub-group of this sample suggested that conventional threshold findings slightly overestimated the prevalence of loss in this population.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Patterns of nasalance in a sample of normal gerontologic subjects.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate velopharyngeal adequacy in gerontologic subjects using an acoustic analysis strategy. Sixty normal older subjects (30 male, 30 female), ranging in age from 50 to 80, read three passages developed by Fletcher (1976) that differ in number of nasal sounds. In addition, all subjects sustained the vowel /a/. The speech samples were analyzed using TONAR II, which calculates the ratio of nasal sound pressure level to nasal + oral sound pressure level (nasalance). Tonagrams (plots of nasalance over time) were obtained from all subjects. Results demonstrated that older subjects generally evidenced abnormally high nasalance values for the Zoo Passage (contains no nasal sounds). In addition, females exhibited significantly higher nasalance values than males. Inspection of the tonagrams revealed three abnormal acoustic patterns: (1) pervasively high nasalance, (2) momentary loss of velar control, (3) progressive deterioration in velar control. These results are discussed with reference to known neuroanatomical changes associated with advancing age.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Learning visual correlates of fricative production by normal-hearing subjects: a preliminary evaluation of the video articulator.

This investigation provides a preliminary evaluation of the use of the video articulator, a phonemic recognition device for the hearing impaired. The subjects were five young adults with normal hearing and vision (corrected) who were matched with respect to age, sex, dialect, education, and phonological sophistication. Each subject received 150 min of programmed training to learn the video configurations of the eight English fricatives both in isolation and consonant-vowel contexts. Following the training period, the subjects were given a test to determine adequacy of learning and retention of the video configurations for the training stimuli, in the absence of auditory cues. The subjects' responses were analyzed using a common covariance measure. The results demonstrated generally low transmission values for consonants in isolation. Moreover, identification of consonants in context was less accurate. The subjects, as a group, had greater difficulty in recognizing the productions of other subjects when compared with recognition of their own utterances. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of ASHA's immittance guidelines and standard medical diagnostic procedures.

Immittance procedures and medical evaluation based on case history and otoscopy were administered to 115 youngsters from a large pediatric practice. Using ASHA immittance guidelines, a reasonable 73% overall agreement was achieved between immittance and medical recommendations of "pass", "at risk", and "fail/treat". When using medical findings as the criterion, there were three definite cases of under-referral (false negatives) and five over-referrals (false positives) in this sample group.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of the guess factor on the speech reception threshold.

Thirty normal hearing subjects were utilized in an investigation designed to determine the extent to which guessing on the part of the listener may influence the speech reception threshold. Results suggest that the magnitude of the speech reception threshold may be significantly altered as a result of the degree of guessing which occurs during the administration of the test. Clinical implications of this finding are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic impedance values in the elderly.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of age on acoustic impedance values in the elderly. Pure tone, otoscopic, and impedance testing were conducted with subjects from 20 to 29, 60 to 69, and 70 to 79 years of age. Results revealed a slight, but nonsignificant, tendency for static compliance values to decrease with age, suggesting that the use of separate compliance norms for the elderly may not be warranted.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗