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Biomedical subjects

M A Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to M A Murphy.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Standard curves for birth weight.

The standard curves based on data from Denver are used to determine whether birth weights are appropriate. Several reports note differences between their birth weights and those from the Denver report and ascribe them to climatic and socioeconomic conditions. This study analyzed the data for a middle-class city near sea level. The birth weights for two years (1970 and 1982) were analyzed. The 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles were provided for 36-44 weeks of gestation for the 1982 data. The birth weights increased significantly over time. A statistical analysis of proportions gave significance to the birth weight differences in terms of sex and parity. Part of the increase in cesarean sections might have been the result of the increase in birth weights. Standard curves for birth weights should be based on regional data and updated periodically.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

Looking out from the isolator: David's perception of the world.

David, who from September 1971 to February 1984 actively lived his life in a sterile isolator, was severely deprived of experience of the physical world. His difficulty with the concepts of space, depth, and size related clearly to his limited experience rather than to cognitive or visual-motor-perceptual deficits.

Child↗
PubMed1984

The hospital nurse practitioner in pediatrics. A new expanded role for staff nurses.

The Hospital Nurse Practitioner Program in Pediatrics at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, prepared staff nurses for a new and expanded role as health care providers in hospital settings. With the use of their increased skills and greater decision-making responsibilities, hospital nurse practitioners admitted patients to the hospital, assessed both the initial clinical status and subsequent changes in the patient's condition, wrote relevant orders, performed a variety of technical procedures (including many previously reserved to house staff and other physicians), ordered and interpreted laboratory studies, counseled patients and families, discharged patients, and provided other traditional nurse practitioner skills. Hospital nurse practitioners had an improved collaborative relationship with physicians. This program showed that hospital nurse practitioners can be as significant in affecting the health care that patients receive on the general units of hospitals, as are nurse practitioners who deliver care and services to ambulatory patients.

Colorado↗
PubMed1984

Heterogeneity among alveolar macrophages in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses: separation of functional subpopulations by density gradient centrifugation on Percoll.

Rabbit alveolar macrophages (AM) were separated into four subpopulations by centrifugation on discontinuous density gradients of Percoll. The subpopulations were compared to unseparated AM populations for their ability to provide accessory function to adherent cell-depleted splenocytes for antigen-stimulated lymphoproliferation and for the production of lymphokine. They were also tested for their ability to modulate in vitro plaque-forming (PFC) responses. AM subpopulations that provided accessory function for the production of migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-containing culture supernatants were recovered from the least dense fractions of the Percoll gradients. These cells were cytochemically characterized as mature cells. AM that suppressed the in vitro PFC response and augmented the antigen-stimulated lymphoproliferative response to the greatest degree were recovered from the most dense fractions of the Percoll gradients and were characterized as immature cells. These results suggest that there are distinct subpopulations of AM, the function of which may represent different stages of maturation (or differentiation).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Human insulin and porcine insulin in the treatment of diabetic children: comparison of metabolic control and insulin antibody production.

Semisynthetic human insulin and highly purified porcine insulin were compared in a double blind crossover study in 21 diabetic children. Glycosylated haemoglobin values at the end of four month treatment periods were higher after treatment with human insulin than after treatment with porcine insulin (mean 15.7% (SD 2.3%) v 14.2% (2.3%); p less than 0.01). Higher fasting blood glucose concentrations occurred during treatment with human insulin than with porcine insulin (mean 12.0 (SD 2.1) v 11.0 (2.4) mmol/1; mean 216 (SD 38) v 198 (43) mg/100 ml; p less than 0.05), but there were no significant differences at other time points during the day. The incidence of hypoglycaemia was similar for both treatment groups. Concentrations of antibody reactive with porcine and human insulins were similar for the two treatment groups, although greater fluctuation was observed in the amount of antibody reactive with human insulin. Semisynthetic human insulin is safe and effective in diabetic children, although further work is needed to devise regimens which achieve optimal blood glucose control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Survival of low-birth-weight infants with neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage. Outcome in the preschool years.

Twenty-nine low-birth-weight infants who survived neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were followed up prospectively and were last examined at a mean age of 3 1/2 years. The mean gestational age (+/- SD) of the group was 28.9 weeks (+/- 2.4 weeks), and the mean birth weight (+/- SD) was 1,167 g (+/- 292 g). Ten patients (34%) had normal neurologic outcome, and four (14%) had minimal abnormalities. Nine children (31%) were categorized as moderately abnormal, and six (21%) had severe abnormalities on neurologic examination. Intellectual performance was normal for 14 patients (48%), mildly delayed for seven (24%), and in the retarded range for eight (28%). Twelve children (41%), at 3 years of age, had handicapping conditions severe enough to warrant admission to special education programs in the public school. The grade of IVH was related significantly to neurologic outcome; both grade of hemorrhage and birth weight were correlated significantly with need for special education. Intellectual performance was related not only to grade of hemorrhage and birth weight, but also to paternal social class.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

The family with a handicapped child: a review of the literature.

Research is reviewed on the impact of a handicapped child on the family. While most authors agree that the presence of such a child is a family stressor, there have been few studies using control groups, analytical methods, representative samples, or adequate numbers. The wide age range of the children within and across studies and the diversity of populations confuse some issues and leave others unresolved. In addition, no instrument has been designed to measure specifically the stress in families of a handicapped child. Most authors have not taken into account the dynamic process of rearing a handicapped child, nor have they addressed the problems of having a mildly handicapped child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A multicentre open trial indapamide in general practice.

In a multicentre open study, 99 patients were treated with indapamide (2.5 mg daily) by 19 general practitioners. Fourteen patients failed to complete the study and in most cases this was unrelated to active therapy. Fifty patients had not previously received antihypertensive therapy, 25 patients had been on previous antihypertensive therapy with either unsatisfactory blood pressure control of side effects and the remaining 10 patients had indapamide added to their existing therapy. Of the 85 patients who did complete, the mean reduction in blood pressure at the end of 4 months treatment was 26 mmHg systolic and 17 mmHg diastolic. In those patients who were studied for at least 12 months treatment, blood pressure control was maintained in the majority. No severe side effects were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The selection of patients for excretory urography.

Symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings that indicated excretory urography in 1,622 patients, were compared with the radiographs. The chance that an indication would be associated with demonstrable disease was calculated. No "low-likelihood" indications could be identified. Elimination of the urograms obtained for any of the indications would not have been possible without simultaneously precluding detection of many diseased patients. The monetary cost of case-finding was low, and the efficacy of patient referral high.

Boston↗