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Biomedical subjects

M A Morgan

Publications and source records attributed to M A Morgan.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Efficacy of the fetal-pelvic index for delivery of neonates weighing 4000 grams or greater: a preliminary report.

The fetal-pelvic index was recently introduced as an accurate method of prospectively identifying the presence or absence of fetal-pelvic disproportion. In that report the ability to detect fetal-pelvic disproportion in patients with macrosomic fetuses was not specifically addressed. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of three methods used to identify the presence or absence of fetal-pelvic disproportion (the fetal-pelvic index, Colcher-Sussman x-ray pelvimetry, and estimated fetal weight greater than or equal to 4000 gm) in patients delivered of neonates weighing greater than or equal to 4000 gm after an adequate trial of labor (N = 34). Of the 18 patients requiring operative intervention, all but one had a positive fetal-pelvic index value (sensitivity = 94%). Of the 16 patients in whom vaginal deliveries were spontaneous, all but one had a negative value (specificity = 94%). On the basis of these data, the fetal-pelvic index is an accurate method of predicting the presence or absence of fetal-pelvic disproportion in patients delivered of neonates weighing greater than or equal to 4000 gm.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of the fetal-pelvic index as a predictor of fetal-pelvic disproportion in women with abnormal labor patterns that require labor augmentations.

The fetal-pelvic index, which compares fetal head and abdomen circumferences with respective maternal inlet and midpelvic circumferences, was introduced in 1986 as a means of identifying the presence or absence of fetal-pelvic disproportion. In this study the efficacy of the fetal-pelvic index was evaluated in 46 patients with abnormal labor patterns that required labor augmentations and was compared with that of two other means (Colcher-Sussman x-ray pelvimetry and ultrasonographically derived estimated fetal weight greater than or equal to 4000 gm). Of the 24 women who required operative intervention (19 cesarean sections and five operative vaginal procedures), 17 had positive fetal-pelvic index values (sensitivity = 0.71). Six of the seven fetuses of patients with false-negative fetal-pelvic index values persisted in an occipitoposterior presentation, and these patients failed to progress in labor. Of the 22 patients in whom vaginal deliveries were spontaneous, 21 had negative fetal-pelvic index values (specificity = 0.95). Of the 18 women with positive fetal-pelvic index values, 17 required operative intervention (positive predictability = 0.94). In contrast, when used alone, neither x-ray pelvimetry nor ultrasonographically derived estimated fetal weight greater than or equal to 4000 gm provided accurate identification of fetal-pelvic disproportion.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of the fetal-pelvic index in patients requiring labor induction.

The fetal-pelvic index is a recently described means of identifying the presence or absence of fetal-pelvic disproportion. In this follow-up study, the efficacy of the fetal-pelvic index was evaluated in 49 patients requiring labor induction and was compared with two other methods used to identify fetal-pelvic disproportion (Colcher-Sussman x-ray pelvimetry and ultrasound-derived estimated fetal weight). Twelve of 14 patients who required operative intervention also demonstrated a positive fetal-pelvic index (sensitivity = 86%). Spontaneous vaginal deliveries occurred in 35 patients, all of whom demonstrated negative fetal-pelvic index values (specificity = 100%). Overall the predictability of the fetal-pelvic index was 96%. In comparison, when used alone, neither x-ray pelvimetry nor ultrasound-derived estimated fetal weight accurately detected the presence or absence of fetal-pelvic disproportion in patients requiring labor induction.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1988

Pregnancy-induced hypertension without proteinuria: is it true preeclampsia?

A profile scoring system has recently been developed as a standardized method of early identification and severity assessment of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to compare the PIH profile scores of patients demonstrating mild PIH without proteinuria with those of patients demonstrating mild PIH with proteinuria, and (2) to introduce the PIH profile graph as a standardized clinical assessment tool. Serial PIH profile data after 24 weeks' gestation from 46 term primigravid patients with mild PIH (group 1 = 19 patients without proteinuria; group 2 = 27 patients with proteinuria) were plotted on PIH profile graphs and compared. Profile scores from ten normotensive primigravidas at term served as controls. Serial profile scores for groups 1 and 2 showed similar patterns on the profile graph. Based on these data, we believe that PIH without proteinuria is clinically and biochemically a manifestation of true preeclampsia before the onset of proteinuria. Furthermore, the PIH profile graph allows one to identify subtle changes in the disorder and to anticipate the development of severe preeclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Plasma fibronectin levels in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia: a preliminary report.

Fibronectin, a major component of the extracellular matrix and basement membranes throughout the body, is thought to maintain the integrity of both the reticulo-endothelial system and microvasculature. In this study, plasma fibronectin levels were assayed by nephelometry in nine pre-eclamptic gravid women, nine normotensive gravid women and ten non-gravid women. The mean plasma fibronectin level (+/-S.E.M.) in pre-eclamptic gravidas (1687 +/- 101 micrograms/ml) is significantly higher than that of either normotensive gravidae (1129 +/- 99 micrograms/ml) or non-gravid women (897 +/- 60 micrograms/ml). Although the mechanism for elevated levels of plasma fibronectin in patients with pre-eclampsia is not clear, it may serve as an early biochemical marker for this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Uterus didelphys with unilateral hematocolpos, ipsilateral renal agenesis and menses. A case report and literature review.

A 13-year-old girl with signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen was found to have uterus didelphys, unilateral hematocolpos, ipsilateral renal agenesis and menses. A review of the literature in English revealed 115 reported cases. This complex congenital anomaly is seen most commonly in adolescents with dysmenorrhea of progressive severity, abdominal pain and a pelvic mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The fetal-pelvic index as an indicator of fetal-pelvic disproportion: a preliminary report.

The objective of this study was to develop a standardized method of identifying fetal-pelvic disproportion by comparing fetal head and abdomen circumferences with the respective maternal pelvic inlet and midpelvis circumferences. Fetal ultrasound and maternal x-ray pelvimetry measurements were performed on 75 term pregnant women with indications for a trial of labor. By means of individually measured fetal and maternal pelvic diameters, circumferences of the fetal head, fetal abdomen, maternal pelvic inlet, and maternal midpelvis were computed. Based on four circumference differences between the fetus and maternal pelvis (fetal head--maternal pelvic inlet, fetal head--maternal midpelvis, fetal abdomen--maternal pelvic inlet, and fetal abdomen--maternal midpelvis), a fetal pelvic index number was derived from the sum of the two most positive values. Of the 27 patients requiring cesarean sections for failure to progress in labor, all but four had positive fetal pelvic index values (sensitivity = 85%). Of the 48 patients who were delivered vaginally, all but four had negative fetal pelvic index values (specificity = 92%).

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1986

Lung tumor induction in strain A mice with benzotrichloride.

Benzotrichloride (BTC) is used in the synthesis of benzoyl chloride and benzoyl peroxide. Epidemiological data suggest that BTC is a human lung carcinogen. In the present study, BTC was evaluated for its ability to induce lung adenomas in strain A/J mice. Four groups of 15 male and 15 female A/J mice were injected i.p. with either tricaprylin or BTC in tricaprylin three times a week for 8 weeks. BTC groups received doses totaling 1440 mg/kg, 719 mg/kg or 287 mg/kg. The mean number of lung tumors per mouse was 127 87 +/- 5.81, 43 +/- 2.44, and 17.73 +/- 1.09 in the groups treated with either 1440 mg/kg, 719 mg/kg, or 287 mg/kg, respectively. Tricaprylin-vehicle controls had a mean number of 0.46 +/- 0.15 lung tumors per mouse. Therefore, BTC produced a significant (P less than 0.001) and dose-related increase in the lung tumor response when compared to tricaprylin controls and is a potent carcinogen in the strain A mouse lung tumor bioassay.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Failure of rapid agglutination methods to detect oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Although a latex agglutination test (StaphAurex) and a hemagglutination test (Staphyloslide) correctly identified all strains of Staphylococcus aureus that were susceptible or had intermediate susceptibility to oxacillin, 17 of 73 (23%) and 18 of 73 (25%) strains of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus were not identified by StaphAurex and Staphyloslide, respectively. All strains not detected were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and rifampin.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1985

p-Fluorophenylalanine-Induced Restriction of Ion Uptake and Assimilation by Maize Roots.

Roots of decapitated maize seedlings (Zea mays L.) were exposed for 12 hours to 1.0 millimolar KNO(3) (98.5 atom per cent (15)N) in the presence and absence (control) of 0.1 millimolar p-fluorophenylalanine (FPA), an analog of the amino acid phenylalanine. FPA decreased nitrate uptake but had little effect on potassium uptake. In contrast, accumulation of both ions in the xylem exudate was greatly restricted. The proportion of reduced (15)N-nitrogen that was translocated at each time was also restricted by FPA. These observations are interpreted as indicating that synthesis of functional protein(s) is required for nitrate uptake and for transport of potassium, nitrate, and reduced-(15)N from xylem parenchyma cells into xylem elements. The effect of FPA on nitrate reduction is less clear. Initially, FPA limited nitrate reduction more than nitrate uptake, but by 8 hours the cumulative reduction of entering nitrate was similar ( approximately 35%) in both control and FPA-treated roots. A relationship between nitrate uptake and nitrate reduction is implied. It is suggested that nitrate influx regulates the proportion of nitrate reductase in the active state, and thereby regulates concurrent nitrate reduction in decapitated maize seedlings.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Biphenotypic leukaemia: a case of mixed T lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukaemia.

A case of mixed acute leukaemia with T lymphoblastic, myeloblastic, and monocytic components is described. The use of immunological markers, ultrastructural morphology, cytochemistry, immunochemistry, and combined techniques, simultaneously detecting two markers in individual cells, made it possible to define the different blast cell populations.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Effect of short-duration constant exercise on permeability of cockerel aorta to 125I-albumin.

To determine quantitatively the effect of short duration constant exercise on the rate of uptake (U) of intravenously injected 125I-labeled cockerel albumin (A) by the aorta of the adult cockerel, 24 birds divided into age-matched pairs, each pair consisting of an exercised and nonexercised control bird, were studied. The time period of heparinization, anesthesia, and time from injection of A (each member of each pair received about 50 microCi from the same batch) to the death of the animal (T) was identical for each member of each pair. The exercised animal was exercised at a constant speed of 3.2 kph at 0 degrees elevation for between 2 and 5 min on a treadmill. U was defined as accumulated wall radioactivity (dpm)/plasma radioactivity (dpm/ml) X endothelial surface area (cm2) X T (s). Free 125I in the injectate amounted to 1.29 +/- 0.31% (mean +/- SD). Free 125I in the plasma and the wall in the exercise and control animals was not significantly different: plasma 0.84 +/- 0.34% (mean +/- SD) and 0.55 +/- 0.18 (P less than 0.20); wall 3.38 +/- 5.64% and 6.42 +/- 4.72 (P less than 0.04). Injected A remaining in the blood at between 8 and 16 min after intravenous injection was 83 +/- 8.7% (n = 10) in the exercised and 82 +/- 10% (n = 7) in the control (P less than 0.2). U was greater in the exercise group in 9 out of 12 matched pairs (P less than 0.05). We conclude that U increases for short periods of constant exercise.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Complete amino acid sequence of the basic nucleic acid binding protein of feline leukemia virus.

The complete amino acid sequence of the nucleic acid binding protein p10 of the Rickard strain of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) has been determined. Fragments obtained by enzymatic digestion were purified by reverse-phase liquid chromatography and subjected to semiautomated Edman degradation. FeLV p10 is a basic polypeptide composed of 57 amino acids with Mr = 6604. The structure of p10 is compared to the structures of other retroviral nucleic acid binding proteins, and an analysis of a highly conserved region, the putative binding domain, is presented.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Disseminated sporotrichosis with Sporothrix schenckii fungemia.

The laboratory diagnosis and therapeutic management of disseminated sporotrichosis can present many problems to the clinical laboratory and the clinician. Culturing of clinical specimens is necessary because the direct microscopic examination of specimens for Sporothrix schenckii often is not useful. Although this organism has been recovered from many specimen sites, recovery from blood has been rare. This report summarizes data concerning recovery of S. schenckii from clinical specimens and the use of serologic and fungal antimicrobial susceptibility data. It appears to be the first antemortem recovery of S. schenckii from blood reported since 1909.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1984

Fungal sinusitis in healthy and immunocompromised individuals.

Clinical and microbiologic aspects of fungal sinusitis occurring in six patients are presented. Three of the six patients were immunosuppressed. Fatal disseminated fungal disease developed in two of those immunosuppressed. The three patients with normal immune function had fungal infections confined to the nasal sinuses. Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus were recovered from the immunosuppressed patients and Sporothrix schenckii, Alternaria species, and Pseudallescheria boydii were recovered from the immunocompetent patients. Surgical debridement was performed on all patients; however, anti-fungal therapy only was prescribed in patients who were at risk of progressive fungal disease. The microbiology laboratory aids in the diagnosis of fungal sinusitis by examining surgical biopsy material for fungal organisms and by culturing the material for recovery of the fungal pathogen.

Adult↗