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Biomedical subjects

M A Lou

Publications and source records attributed to M A Lou.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Traumatic pancreatic pseudocysts.

At the Martin Luther King, Jr, General Hospital in Los Angeles, during the period from June 1972 to April 1981, seven patients underwent surgery for traumatic pancreatic pseudocysts. The overall average age was 28 and the average hospital stay was 31 days. Ultrasound was the most useful test for diagnosis and follow-up. Preoperatively, serum amylases were not consistently elevated. Overall recurrences and complications totaled 57 percent. There were no deaths. The authors consider a large cystogastrostomy the treatment of choice for mature cysts that are satisfactorily adherent to the stomach. The second preference is a Roux-en-Y cystojejunostomy. External drainage was employed for acute cysts that required drainage. A distal pancreatectomy was performed for patients with small pancreatic tail pseudocysts. Patients who underwent acute drainage were usually drained externally and had a poorer outcome than patients who were operated on later with internal drainage. When compared with another group of 15 alcoholic patients who were operated on for pancreatic pseudocysts, patients with traumatic pseudocysts had a poorer outcome.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1981

Exteriorized repair in the management of colon injuries.

In an attempt to reduce septic complications following colonic injury in penetrating abdominal trauma, we tested the efficacy of the exteriorized repair, also known as primary repair and exteriorization of the injured colonic segment. From June 1973 to August 1979, 50 patients with colonic injuries suitable for exteriorized repair were entered into this study. Their ages ranged from 4 to 47 years; 42 were male, eight, female. Thirty-eight had gunshot wounds, 12 had stab wounds. The majority had various associated injuries, but only five were in shock. In 33 patients (66%) the colonic wounds successfully healed and the exteriorized loop was returned into the peritoneal cavity within 14 days. In 17 patients (34%), fecal leakage developed at the repair site and the exteriorized loops were converted into colostomies without sepsis. There was no mortality and a low complication rare (18%). This method of management for selected patients has a special merit in combining the safety of exteriorization with the economy of primary repair.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Obstructing gastric carcinoma complicating pregnancy.

Although gastric cancer has not been reported in association with pregnancy, the authors encountered it in a paraplegic young pregnant woman presenting with gastric outlet obstruction.Fiberoptic gastroscopy and biopsy provided the surprising tissue diagnosis. Ultrasound was helpful in assessing the size and position of the fetus. Intravenous fluid therapy and total parenteral nutrition enabled the authors to correct the negative nitrogen balance and metabolic derangement, and to improve the operative risk to both the mother and the fetus.Cesarean section delivered a viable baby. A high gastrectomy relieved the patient of her obstruction and tumor burden. Although the long-term prognosis of gastric cancer remains grim, having saved the mother and the baby through such an ordeal is a rewarding experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Microflora of the human small intestine.

The human small intestine is normally sterile in nearly one half of North American subjects. In this study the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were sterile in 82, 69, and 55 per cent of the cases, respectively. Gram-positive cocci were the most frequent finding. E. coli, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella were present in the small bowel in nearly 7, 15, and 35 per cent of duodenal, jejunal, and ileal samples, respecatively. They were present in significant numbers (greater than 1 X 10(5)/ml) in the mid-jejunum in two patients and in the mid-ileum in seven patients (23 per cent). Even with modern anaerobic techniques, anaerobes are scarce in the small bowel; 4 to 6 per cent of persons may have aerotolerant anaerobes like clostridia, but strict anaerobes like bacteroides are rare. Our study provides baseline data for use in interpreting the intestinal bacterial overgrowth associated with certain postoperative disorders.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1978

Experience in selective operations in the management of penetrating wounds of the neck.

Experience with 100 patients demonstrated that a selective approach to penetrating injuries of the neck can be accomplished without increasing morbidity and mortality. However, this selective approach must be done in a setting in which there are adequate nursing and house staffs. Facilities and personnel to perform arteriography and other diagnostic tests must also be available. Otherwise, observation would be unsafe, and it would be in the best interest of the patient to choose immediate operative intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Bacteriology of the human biliary tract and the duodenum.

Using the modern anaerobic transport media and meticulous culture techniques, 74 patients undergoing biliary tract surgery were studied. The biliary system was found to be sterile in 58 patients (78%). Fifteen patients had 35 isolates of aerobic and facultative bacteria. The most common ones were Klebsiella, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli. The only anaerobe isolated was Clostridium perfringens. Eight of 17 patients (47%) with acute cholecystitis and five of 49 patients (10%) with chronic cholecystitis, harbored bacteria in the biliary system. This study suggests that anaerobes are rare in the human biliary system; therefore, if antibiotic therapy is considered, aerobic coverage should suffice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The pros and cons of outpatient breast biopsy.

A review of the 130 breast biopsies performed on women during the past three years at the Martin Luther King, Jr, General Hospital showed that 90 were performed on outpatients and 40 on inpatients. Of the 90 outpatient procedures, 61 were under local anesthesia and 29 under general. Only three outpatient biopsy specimens were malignant and required subsequent patient admission to the hospital for mastectomy at an interval of 9 to 14 days. In all three, the axillary nodes were uninvolved. In two, no residual tumor was found in the mastectomy specimen.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Penetration of cefonicid into human breast milk and various body fluids and tissues.

A new cephalosporin, cefonicid (1 g), was given intramuscularly to 49 patients 1 hr before they were to undergo surgery and to 10 healthy lactating women. The concentration of cefonicid was assayed by disk agar diffusion with the use of Bacillus subtilis as the test organism. Concentrations of cefonicid in tissue and fluid specimens were obtained. The data demonstrate that within 1 hr of intramuscular injection of cefonicid, effective concentrations of cefonicid in serum and tissue for common microbial pathogens were achieved. This finding suggests that cefonicid would be useful for perioperative prophylaxis in surgical patients. Although the concentration of cefonicid in breast milk was low at 1 hr after injection, more information is needed regarding the subsequent secretion of cefonicid before a conclusive statement can be made concerning the danger of sensitization in infants of nursing mothers.

Adult↗