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Biomedical subjects

M A Greco

Publications and source records attributed to M A Greco.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Placental protein distribution in maternal diabetes mellitus: an immunocytochemical study.

Placentas associated with maternal diabetes are generally characterized by features of villous immaturity. We correlated the villous histology with the immunocytochemical distribution of four trophoblastic proteins: beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta HCG), placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein (SP1), and human placental lactogen (HPL) in 14 third-trimester placentas associated with diabetes mellitus. Staining was increased for beta HCG and decreased for PLAP, SP1, and HPL in the diabetic placentas compared to control placentas of similar gestational age. This pattern was most prominent in areas of marked architectural villous immaturity within individual placentas and suggests concomitant functional immaturity.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Flow cytometry of fetal adrenal glands with adrenocortical cytomegaly.

Adrenal glands from four autopsied fetuses of 18 to 36 weeks gestation showed varying degrees of cortical cytomegaly. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from these four pairs of glands were studied by flow cytometry to analyze their DNA content and cell cycle parameters. Flow cytometry of Case 1, which had diffuse bilateral cytomegaly, demonstrated a major diploid peak, an increased percentage of tetraploid cells, and a decrease in S phase compared to an age-matched control with no evidence of cytomegaly (Case 2). Cases 3, 4, and 5 showed focal and/or unilateral adrenocortical cytomegaly and were diploid by flow cytometry with no differences in synthetic or tetraploid fractions compared to the control tissues. The focal distribution of the lesions or the limits of resolution of the instrumentation could account for some of these results. However, the findings in Case 1 suggest that the cytomegalic cells are tetraploid in DNA content and may have decreased DNA synthetic activity. A current hypothesis that these cells have undergone a period of sustained hyperactivity followed by exhaustion in reaction to an unknown stimulus is supported by our observations.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1989

Hemangioma with Kaposi's sarcoma-like features: report of two cases.

We describe two children with vascular neoplasms that resembled Kaposi's sarcoma in places. Both presented with intraabdominal masses and severe thrombocytopenia. At autopsy the tumors extensively infiltrated the peritoneum and retroperitoneum and surrounded or invaded numerous organs including the kidneys, pancreas, adrenal glands, gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, and lymph nodes in both cases, and spleen or bone marrow in one case each. The neoplasms were histologically identical and displayed two patterns: dilated vascular spaces (angiomatous areas) lined by flat endothelial-like cells and areas of spindle cells forming slitlike vascular spaces similar to those described in Kaposi's sarcoma. Tumor cells in both cases expressed markers for endothelial cells. The clinical and histologic character of these neoplasms differentiates them from Kaposi's sarcoma, hemangioendothelioma, and from conventional juvenile hemangioma.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Spondylothoracic dysplasia. Clinical and sonographic diagnosis.

Spondylothoracic dysplasia, also known as short-trunk dwarfism or Jarcho-Levin syndrome, is a fatal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by vertebral and spinal defects with a short thorax. Until recently, in utero diagnosis could only be made radiographically. Sonographic criteria for antenatal diagnosis are discussed in conjunction with a review of the literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Pathologic findings in adenosine deaminase deficient-severe combined immunodeficiency. II. Thymus, spleen, lymph node, and gastrointestinal tract lymphoid tissue alterations.

Eight autopsies of patients with adenosine deaminase deficient-severe combined immunodeficiency disease (ADA-SCID) were reviewed with special emphasis on the lymphoid tissues. The thymus histology in five cases was remarkably uniform, whether or not prior ADA enzyme replacement or immunologic reconstitution therapy had been administered. Lymph nodes and spleens in all cases examined showed a residual nonlymphoid architectural framework corresponding to usual T and B cell zones found in normals. The development of an extranodal, monoclonal IgA lambda B cell immunoblastic lymphoma as a terminal event in one patient after several years of successful ADA enzyme replacement therapy through multiple red blood cell transfusions is described. In another patient with long-term ADA enzyme replacement, a terminal autoimmune hemolytic anemia developed. Autopsy revealed severe deposits of iron in the B cell zones of the lymph nodes, which is an unusual location. In addition, iron deposits outlined the splenic trabeculae, as well as the ring fibers and bridging fibers of the splenic sinuses.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1987

Barrett's esophagus in three children after antileukemia chemotherapy.

Barrett's esophagus, a columnar metaplasia of the lower esophagus that is usually associated with gastroesophageal reflux (GER), was found in three children on long-term antileukemia chemotherapy. Two of the children had been on a standard acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) maintenance protocol with 2 to 3 years of methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine administration. The third child received daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and 6-thioguanine for treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). None of the patients had clinical or pathologic evidence of GER disease. We propose that the Barrett's esophagus in these patients did not result from the usual peptic esophagitis, but rather from chemotherapy-induced esophageal mucosal injury.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Congenital bilateral absence of the fifth ray and vaginal atresia.

We have studied an infant with respiratory distress, absent fifth rays of the hands, and hydrometrocolpos. Congenital absence of the fifth ray of the hand is a rare malformation. In some syndromes the ulnar defects are symmetrical; however, as an isolated anomaly the defects are usually asymmetric. This patient's malformations appear to be unique in that the ulnar ray was affected bilaterally, with an associated genital malformation.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Effects of ultrasound on ultrastructure of human testes.

Studies to detect ultrastructural changes in testicular tissues after a fifteen-minute exposure to ultrasonic waves were done in 10 men undergoing bilateral orchiectomies for prostatic carcinoma. Examination of Sertoli cells and germ cells in different stages of differentiation failed to reveal significant differences between exposed and control testes.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Partial trisomy 6q: case report with necropsy findings.

A male infant with partial trisomy 6q is described. This patient shares features with 12 previously reported cases including hypertelorism, cleft soft palate, bow shaped mouth, micrognathia, short, laterally webbed neck, clubbing of hands and feet, syndactyly, and growth retardation. In addition, visceral anomalies less frequently reported are described. These observations may extend the phenotypic characterisation of the trisomy 6q syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Use of furosemide in pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios.

To differentiate pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios due to intrauterine growth retardation from those due to renal agenesis, the authors administered furosemide intravenously to eight pregnant women (19-25 weeks gestation) with oligohydramnios. The fetal abdomen was scanned with ultrasound to demonstrate the fetal urinary bladder. In six fetuses, sonography failed to demonstrate the bladder: two fetuses had growth retardation with normal kidneys and bladder, and four had renal anomalies. It is concluded that administration of furosemide to the mother fails to induce diuresis in growth-retarded fetuses of 19-23 weeks gestation and that failure to see the fetal bladder after furosemide administration does not necessarily indicate absent fetal kidneys.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy in malignant lymphoma: a case report of an unusual cytologic presentation.

A case of an elderly Hispanic male who presented with clinical findings suspicious for lymphoma and cytologic evidence suggestive of carcinoma is presented and discussed. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a group of mesenteric lymph nodes and a pleural fluid specimen showed clusters of tumor cells suggestive of carcinoma. Electron microscopic analysis of the pleural fluid showed comparable clusters of tumor cells, which proved to be lymphoma cells enveloped by macrophages. Histologic, electron microscopic, and histocytochemical examination of an enlarged inguinal lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoma with several alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive macrophages interspersed among the tumor cells. To date, the phenomenon of macrophages enveloping lymphoma cells, so as to simulate tumor cell clustering, has not been reported. It is, however, an important possibility to keep in mind with cytologically distinguishing a lymphoma from a carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Glomerulonephritis in congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease.

Except for renal transplant recipients, glomerulonephritis has only very rarely been associated with renal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The kidneys of five infants with congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease, including renal infection, were examined at autopsy. Two of the infants had glomerulonephritis. The younger, a 4-month-old female, had diffuse proliferative and necrotizing glomerulonephritis; virus was present in nuclei and cytoplasm of glomerular endothelial cells and, possibly, in leukocytes as well. There were no electron-dense deposits. The other infant, a 5-month-old male, had diffuse mesangial and focal segmental proliferative and sclerosing glomerulonephritis; electron-dense mesangial deposits were seen ultrastructurally. Three additional infants (a newborn male, a 2-day-old male, a 6-week-old female), all with CMV in tubules and one with a single glomerular inclusion, had only rare glomerular abnormalities, i.e., mesangial proliferation in less than 10 per cent of glomeruli (one infant) and segmental sclerosis in less than 1 per cent of glomeruli (all three infants). Thus, congenital renal CMV infection was associated with proliferative glomerulonephritis in the two infants who survived the longest. The three with shorter survival times had only minor glomerular alterations.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗
PubMed1986

Familial erythrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: immunophenotypic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural demonstration of the relation to sinus histiocytes.

Familial erythrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FEL), a rare, rapidly fatal childhood disease, is characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and widely disseminated lymphohistiocytic infiltrates with prominent erythrophagocytosis. Immunophenotypic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies of two siblings with FEL were performed in an effort to determine the nature of the proliferating histiocyte of FEL. These studies demonstrated that the FEL histiocytes lack S-100 protein, T6, and Birbeck granules, which are found in Langerhans and interdigitating dendritic cells. The FEL histiocytes express alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, Leu-M3, HLA-DR, and, variably, lysozyme and Leu-M1. Thus, the proliferating histiocyte of FEL is a member of the mononuclear phagocytic system and has a phenotype similar to that of the histiocytes that normally populate the sinuses of benign and reactive lymph nodes. These studies suggest that FEL may represent uncontrolled proliferation of sinusoidal histiocytes.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1986

18q+, the progeny of a balanced translocation t(1;18)mat: case report with necropsy findings.

A female infant with additional genetic material on the long arm of chromosome 18 is described. Cytogenetic studies of the infant and her mother showed that the altered region resulted from an unbalanced translocation of part of the long arm of chromosome 1. This chromosomal abnormality has not been reported previously, according to a recent registry of abnormal chromosome patterns. The patient had hydrops fetalis and multiple congenital abnormalities, involving the cardiovascular, respiratory, and skeletal systems, together with unusual facies. External features, radiological findings, and gross and microscopical examination at necropsy are presented and compared with previously reported cases of related but dissimilar chromosomal abnormalities.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Ultrastructure of fibrous dysplasia of bone: a study of its fibrous, osseous, and cartilaginous components.

Eight cases of fibrous dysplasia were evaluated by electron microscopy and the findings were correlated with the light microscopy. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were the cells seen in the fibrous component. The osseous component consisted of immature woven bone trabeculae lined by abnormal osteoblasts with a fibroblastlike appearance. The cartilaginous component resembled hyaline cartilage. The process of mineralization of both osseous and cartilaginous tissues appeared similar to normal bone and cartilage. In fibrous dysplasia there is a slow turnover of bone, and this correlates well with the flattened shape of the bone-lining cells. When compared with normal ossification, the process of bone formation appears to be arrested after an early stage resembling membranous ossification. It is possible that the abnormal osteoblastic maturation of the bone-forming mesenchyme is one of the most important alterations of this condition.

Adult↗