Biomedical subjects

M A Goodwin

Publications and source records attributed to M A Goodwin.

93 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of Poultry Litter Treatment (PLT) on death due to ascites in broilers.

The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of Poultry Litter Treatment (PLT) on levels of litter moisture, litter nitrogen, atmospheric ammonia, and death due to ascites. Data were collected from chicks raised in containment conditions that resembled commercial settings. The ascites death rate (5.9%) in broiler chicks on PLT-treated litter was significantly (chi 2 = 15.5, df = 1, P = 0.0001) lower than that (31.5%) in broiler chicks raised on untreated litter. Likewise, atmospheric ammonia levels in pens that had been treated with PLT were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those in pens that received no treatment. Under the conditions of the present study, litter moisture and litter nitrogen levels were not different (P > 0.05) among treatments at any sample interval.

Air Pollution↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Use of Aviguard and other intestinal bioproducts in experimental Clostridium perfringens-associated necrotizing enteritis in broiler chickens.

Clostridium perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis (CPANE) is a common problem among rapidly growing broiler strains of chickens that are raised intensively in modern microenvironments. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of Aviguard and three other intestinal bioproducts (two normal gut flora [NGF] products and one probiotic product) in experimental CPANE in broiler chickens. Male broiler chicks were housed in the same environmentally controlled facility and given one of six treatments. The necrotic enteritis infection model (NEIM) used in the present study was effective in inducing CPANE intestinal gross lesions in broiler chickens. Equally important, Aviguard was found to be significantly more effective than either the other two NGF products or the probiotic for reducing gross lesions induced by the NEIM. In addition, Aviguard/NEIM-treated chicks ate more feed and had better feed efficiency than their NGF- or probiotic/NEIM-treated counterparts. Other significant differences among these four reconstituted microbial preparations were not found. Results from this study have additional importance because they further support the use of reconstituted microbial preparations as novel and effective alternatives to antibiotics that can reduce the severity of C. perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis challenge in broilers.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary sarcomas in a young chicken.

Both lungs of a 5-wk-old broiler chicken contained miliary, round, white tumors. Microscopically, these masses were composed of compactly arranged cells with round to oval nuclei and indistinct cytoplasmic borders. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for vimentin but negative for cytokeratin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, smooth muscle actin, and muscle-specific actin. Ultrastructurally, tumor cells were separated by collagen bands and some contained collagen fibrils. These results suggest that the primitive mesenchymal cells composing these sarcomas may have originated from precursors of interstitial cells or fibroblasts of the interparabronchial or interatrial septa. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues and probed for sequences specific for Marek's disease virus, reticuloendotheliosis viruses, exogenous avian leukosis viruses, and subgroup J avian leukosis viruses. Only sequences specific for subgroup J avian leukosis viruses were identified in the DNA extracted from tumors and surrounding lung.

Animals↗