Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M A Elliott

Publications and source records attributed to M A Elliott.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Modulation of sialyl Lewis X dependent binding to E-selectin by glycoforms of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein expressed in rheumatoid arthritis.

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) is an extensively glycosylated acute phase protein of imprecisely defined physiological function. Nonetheless it is known that the oligosaccharide component comprising 42% of the 41 kDa molecular weight is critical to the previously described multifarious immunomodulatory functions of AGP in vitro. Complex oligosaccharides were enzymically released from AGP purified from the blood of rheumatoid arthritis sufferers by our oligosaccharide protective method. Oligosaccharide profiling was by means of high pH anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed increased fucosylation of inflammatory AGP oligosaccharide chains, suggesting the potential for expression of the tetrasaccharide antigen and E-Selectin ligand, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX). The hypothesis that AGP may function to inhibit blood cell binding to activated endothelium at E-Selectin was tested in a microtitre cell-protein binding assay. In this system we have shown that the oligosaccharide moiety of AGP, as expressed in inflammatory disease, can inhibit the sLeX/E-Selectin interaction. Thus we have identified a correlation between the abnormal glycosylation of AGP in rheumatoid arthritis and suppression of sLeX dependent cell adhesion through inhibition of E-selectin binding which could be the basis of a novel, site specific, anti-inflammatory agent.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chromatographic investigation of the glycosylation pattern of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein secreted by the HepG2 cell line; a putative model for inflammation?

In certain pathophysiological conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, there are alterations in the glycosylation pattern of the acute phase protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP). These changes are likely to be functionally significant, however, verification of the latter role requires a system which reflects in vivo glycosylation changes in AGP and also produces sufficient quantities of the protein for further study. The human hepatoma cell line HepG2 is documented as displaying a shift in the glycosylation pattern of glycoproteins from normal state to acute phase after stimulation with inflammatory mediators. We have isolated AGP from the culture medium of HepG2 cells both before and after stimulation with a cytokine preparation and analysed the glycosylation pattern of each preparation, after enzymatic release, by high pH anion-exchange chromatography. Before stimulation, the glycosylated population was similar to a profile of AGP isolated from normal plasma; however, cytokine stimulation resulted in a shift to a profile which was consistent with that of AGP from a rheumatoid arthritis sufferer. Thus a HepG2 cell culture system is capable of being a crude model of the changes in glycosylation of acute phase proteins although it has a tendency to produce oligosaccharide chains which are not fully sialylated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of postoperative recovery times between isoflurane and enflurane for pediatric dental outpatient anesthesia.

Isoflurane is a volatile liquid anesthetic agent reported to have recovery times shorter than many anesthetic agents in current use. This study compared postoperative recovery times in pediatric patients receiving dental treatment under isoflurane to those receiving enflurane anesthesia. The study consisted of a retrospective review of anesthesia records for pediatric patients receiving isoflurane anesthesia. These patients were then matched to patients receiving enflurane anesthesia for age, weight, sex, race, and treatment time. A total of nine matched pairs were available for review. The average recovery time (as measured from extubation to discharge) for isoflurane was 53 minutes and for enflurane, 46 minutes. When the matched cases were analyzed by paired t-text, no statistically significant difference in recovery times was demonstrated at the 0.05 level. These findings suggest that there is no significant difference in postoperative recovery times between isofluane and enflurane in pediatric dental outpatients undergoing general anesthesia.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stevens-Johnson syndrome: report of case with abnormal root development.

Radiographic follow-up of a Caucasian, Philippino descendent boy revealed abnormal dental development. At the age of four years the apices of second primary molars were still open; at the age of eight years a late, slow, and irregular dental development, unrelated to any systemic disease, was confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of selected pediatric conditions in children with Pierre Robin sequence.

Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is a congenital abnormality characterized by micrognathia and glossoptosis, with or without cleft palate. Patients with PRS may demonstrate various pediatric conditions such as associated syndromes, respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, or middle ear pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine, by means of a retrospective computerized review of patient records, the presence of these pediatric conditions in a sample of 55 confirmed patients with PRS. Five patients (9.1%) exhibited associated syndromes; 20 (36.4%) had respiratory distress requiring no assistance; and 10 (18.2%) exhibited severe respiratory distress requiring tracheotomy. A total of 30 patients (54.5%) had early feeding difficulties requiring mechanical assistance to maintain adequate nutrition, and 50 (90.9%) had multiple episodes of otitis media. Chi-square analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the presence of respiratory difficulties and the need for feeding assistance (P = 0.012); and a highly significant relationship between the presence of otitis media and subsequent myringotomy tube placement (P < 0.001). Pediatric dentists who treat children with PRS should be aware of these relationships when obtaining medical history before establishing strategies to implement a treatment plan.

Bottle Feeding↗