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M A Carpenter

Publications and source records attributed to M A Carpenter.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The impaired nurse.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Burnout, Professional↗
PubMed1993

The cDNA sequence of horse transferrin.

The cDNA sequence of horse transferrin was determined by sequencing clones isolated from a horse liver cDNA library and clones obtained by PCR. The 2305 bp horse transferrin cDNA sequence included part of the 5' untranslated region and extended to the poly(A) tail. It had 80% sequence identity with the human transferrin cDNA, and encoded a protein of 706 residues, including a signal sequence of 19 amino acids. The horse transferrin sequence had the duplicated structure and conserved iron binding and cysteine residues which are characteristic of the transferrin family.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Alcohol consumption and ultrasonographically assessed carotid artery wall thickness and distensibility. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators.

BACKGROUND: Although much has been written in recent years about the relation between alcohol and atherosclerotic disease, controversy exists as to whether and how alcohol exerts an effect on atherosclerosis in different sites. METHODS AND RESULTS: We tested the hypothesis that alcohol consumption is associated inversely with carotid atherosclerosis in a population sample of 45- to 64-year-old men and women who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and were free of cardiovascular disease at a baseline examination in 1987 to 1989. B-mode ultrasonography was used to determine carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickness and distensibility as indices of the degree of atherosclerosis. The level of alcohol consumption in the ARIC sample was generally low. Age-adjusted mean values of alcohol consumed (grams per week) were 72.0 for white and 74.3 for nonwhite men and 24.8 for white and 11.2 for nonwhite women. After adjustments for age, artery depth, education, body mass index, sport index, cigarette-years of smoking, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and diabetes mellitus, there was no significant cross-sectional association of reported current alcohol intake with either carotid artery wall thickness (among white and nonwhite men and nonwhite women) or distensibility (in any of the four sex-race groups). Among white women, the adjusted mean value of carotid artery wall thickness tended to be higher in light to moderate drinkers than in never or rare drinkers, but the difference across drinking status categories was of borderline statistical significance (P = .04) and may be of little biological importance. CONCLUSIONS: The ARIC Study found no material cross-sectional association between current alcohol intake and carotid atherosclerosis but provides an opportunity in the future to study atherosclerosis progression and incident events in relation to alcohol consumption in a large population sample of men and women.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1992

Pleuroperitoneal shunts for refractory chylothorax after operation for congenital heart disease.

Between 1980 and 1990, 10 of 12 children with a symptomatic chylothorax after operation for congenital heart disease failed to respond to traditional medical therapy (thoracentesis, tube thoracostomy, low-fat diet). All 10 patients underwent placement of a pleuroperitoneal shunt, with complete resolution of the chylothorax in 9 patients (90%). Cardiac catheterization, performed before placement of the pleuroperitoneal shunt in 5 patients, demonstrated elevated right atrial pressure in all patients (range, 10 to 25 mm Hg). The pleuroperitoneal shunt functioned effectively in 4 patients with moderately elevated right atrial pressures (range, 10 to 16 mm Hg; median, 13.5 mm Hg) but not in 1 patient with a right atrial pressure of 25 mm Hg. Pleuroperitoneal shunting as treatment for chylothorax after operation for congenital heart disease is safe and effective, even in the face of moderate elevations in right atrial pressure.

Chylothorax↗
PubMed1992

Reduced erythropoietin response to anaemia in elderly patients with normocytic anaemia.

We studied the effect of age on the relationship between haemoglobin and serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels in anaemic patients. 568 patients over 70 years of age were compared with 137 patients under 70 and a reference group of 144 patients of all ages with proven iron deficiency. EPO was measured using a radioimmunoassay. We found that elderly patients with a normocytic anaemia (N = 375) had a statistically lower EPO response than younger patients with normocytic anaemia (N = 61) (p < 0.05) or patients of all ages with iron-deficiency anaemia (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the sexes. Elderly patients with microcytic or macrocytic anaemia had a normal EPO response as compared to the "gold standard" of iron deficiency. These findings suggest that a proportion of elderly patients with normocytic anaemia has an impaired EPO response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Lance: a gay recovering alcoholic misdiagnosed as HIV-positive.

Lance is a 29-year-old gay alcoholic who was misdiagnosed as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. In reaction to the diagnosis, Lance subsequently engaged in a series of destructive behaviors towards himself and others. When he was told that his diagnosis was in error, Lance was able to break out of his self-destructive cycle. This article explores the symbolic interactionist concepts of definition of the situation and of stigma and provides nursing implications for caring for people with HIV infection and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Incidence and risk of reintervention after coarctation repair.

We examined the need for intervention after coarctation repair in a retrospective study of 197 procedures performed between 1967 and 1989. Reintervention was required in 23 patients. No technique of coarctation repair was free from complications. Although there were only two stenoses in the group receiving Dacron patch angioplasty, only seven of these procedures were performed in children under the age of 1 year. The risk of stenosis was inversely correlated to the age at primary repair, with children less than 1 year old being at greater risk than those more than 1 year of age (p less than 0.05). Subclavian flap angioplasty had a lower risk of reoperation than end-to-end anastomosis (p less than 0.02). Formation of true aneurysms was confined to the Dacron patch angioplasty group. The morbidity and mortality for reintervention was low in all groups, with only one procedure-related death and no incidence of paraplegia. Although no technique is free from risk, subclavian flap angioplasty leads to fewer reinterventions in younger patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Drug treatment of obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Obesity is a common problem in Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and reduction of weight in obese diabetic patients will lead to an improvement in glucose tolerance. Despite the importance of weight loss, obese diabetic patients often fail to lose weight with advice on dietary restriction. Frequent visits to see the dietician provide the best chance of successful weight loss, and should be an important part of the management of the overweight patient. If this line of treatment is unsuccessful, then drug therapy may be considered to assist the patient in adhering to the dietary restriction. Over the past decade, drug therapy for weight loss has fallen into disrepute in the wake of the abuse of amphetamines and thyroid hormones by both patients and doctors. For this reason, the only drug commonly used in the diabetic clinic to assist patients to lose weight is metformin because of its putative therapeutic effect on obesity. However, currently available anorectic agents have much less potential for abuse by patients than their predecessors, and new drugs are being developed in this field.

Appetite Depressants↗
PubMed1989

The outbreeding of alcoholism.

A hypothesis on the outbreeding of alcoholism is presented. Supporting evidence includes historical and biologic factors as well as the inverse relationship between the length of exposure to alcohol and the prevalence of alcoholism in societies.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMed1988

Accuracy of pressure-flow estimates of velopharyngeal orifice size in an analog model and human subjects.

This study examined the accuracy of pressure-flow estimates of velopharyngeal (V-P) orifice size as applied to an analog model and two human subjects. Accuracy was assessed under differing conditions of degree of nasal resistance and type of instrumental interface. Known V-P orifice openings were introduced in the model through use of cover plates and in the humans through use of modified nasopharyngeal obturators. Nasal resistances were altered with perforated nasal plugs. Instrumental interfaces differed principally in the method used to detect nasal cavity pressure. Measures were applied to the hydrokinetic equation to estimate V-P area values. Data from the analog model and the human subjects were comparable in many respects. In low nasal resistance, area estimates were reasonably accurate regardless of the interface utilized. In high nasal resistance error typically increased, although not equally across interface types. Potential sources of error are identified and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Type of facial cleft, associated congenital malformations, and parents' ratings of school and conduct problems.

Parents' ratings of conduct and school problems were evaluated in 79 subjects with palatal clefts. Subjects were divided into four groups consisting of: (1) unilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate (UC Group); (2) unilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate with associated congenital malformations (UC-C Group); (3) cleft palate only (CPO Group); and (4) cleft palate only with associated congenital malformations (CPO-C Group). Comparisons between groups suggested that subjects with associated congenital malformations, whether or not they had UC or CPO, tended to have more serious school and conduct problems when compared to children with clefts and no associated congenital malformations. The association of congenital malformations with a cleft lip and palate increased the risk of reported conduct problems at home and behavioral and learning problems at school.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗