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Biomedical subjects

M A Arnott

Publications and source records attributed to M A Arnott.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Experimental toxocariasis and hyperactivity in mice.

An observational study using videorecordings and computer-assisted data analysis was undertaken in order to investigate the behaviour of mice infected with larvae of Toxocara canis. The findings indicated that the infection had a marked effect on five readily and reliably differentiable categories of murine behaviour. A marked increase in the number of shorter bouts of each of the five behaviours was also associated with the infection. These results support previous findings and further suggest that T. canis infection affects the way in which mice respond to their environment. In particular the infection appears to be associated with hyperactivity in mice. Possible causes of such behavioural abnormalities as well as implications of these findings for clinical studies concerned with relationships between T. canis infection and hyperactivity in children are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Toxocara canis infection and hyperactivity.

An observational study using video recordings and computer assisted data analysis showed that infection with Toxocara canis larvae had a marked effect on five readily and reliably differentiable categories of murine behaviour. The infection was also associated with an increase in the number of shorter bouts of each behavior. These results indicate that infection with T. canis renders mice hyperactive, and would appear to justify a complete reappraisal of the role of this neurotropic parasite as a cause of behavioural abnormalities such as hyperactivity in children.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The influence of congenital Toxoplasma infection on the spontaneous running activity of mice.

Home-cage running-wheel activity of mice congenitally infected with Toxoplasma was recorded over 24 days. Infected mice were consistently more active than uninfected controls over the entire testing period. This finding extends previous studies and indicates that such increased activity levels occur not only in novel but also in familiar environments, and suggests that congenital toxoplasmosis tends to render mice "hyperactive'. If such behavioural alterations occur in wild mice, it is likely that infected mouse intermediate hosts would be more susceptible to predation by cats, the definitive hosts of Toxoplasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by chrysene.

Many of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), benzanthracene (BA), 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)) are not only carcinogenic, but also induce AHH in human tissues. Recently, chrysene has been implicated as an etiologic determinant of chemical carcinogenesis. Here we describe the ability of chrysene to induce AHH in cultured human lymphocytes. Lymphocytes were obtained from 9 healthy subjects, divided into 2 sets, and cultured in duplicate, triplicate, or quadruplicate for 48 h. Chrysene (25 microM final concentration) in acetone was then added to the induced culture set and the control set received acetone alone. Lymphocytes were then cultured an additional 24 h before harvesting. AHH was quantitated by a fluorometric analysis of the phenolic metabolites produced by incubating the lymphocytes with B[a]P for 35 min. A significant increase in enzyme induction occurred in the chrysene-induced cultures compared with control (non-induced) cells (one-tailed student t-test; P less than 0.001). It was also observed that the interindividual variation in AHH inducibility seen with other PAHs is also observed with chrysene.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases↗