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Biomedical subjects

M A Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to M A Anderson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Diagnosis and treatment of retained foreign bodies in the hand.

A retrospective review was conducted of 200 consecutive patients with foreign bodies in the hand seen between 1976 and 1982. Wood, glass, and metal accounted for 95 percent of the foreign bodies seen. The duration of follow-up ranged from 1 week to 3 years (average 6 weeks). Approximately 70 percent of the foreign bodies could be removed in either the office or the emergency room. The foreign bodies were removed anywhere from the day of injury to 20 years later. In 38 percent of the patients the diagnosis was missed by the initial treating physician, in many cases because a roentgenography of the injured area was not taken. Metal was visible in all of the radiographic studies obtained, glass in 96 percent, and wood in just 15 percent.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1982

Screening and selection of maize to enhance associative bacterial nitrogen fixation.

The ability of maize (corn, Zea mays L.) to support bacterial nitrogen fixation in or on maize roots has been increased, through screening and selection. Isotopic N fixed from (15)N(2) was found on the roots. The nitrogen-fixing association was found in germplasm from tropical maize, but this activity can be transferred to maize currently used in midwestern United States agriculture.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Transformation-deficient adenovirus mutant defective in expression of region 1A but not region 1B.

A adenovirus type 5 host range mutant (hr440) has been isolated which is defective in a splicing event required to generate the middle-sized mRNA from early region 1A. This defect has been ascribed to two adjacent nucleotide changes which lie five and six nucleotides from the 5' splice site for this mRNA (Solnick, Nature 291:508-510, 1981). One of these changes introduces an amber codon into the reading frame of the largest region 1A mRNA, resulting in the production of a truncated polypeptide. Like other region 1A mutants, hr440 is defective in the production of mRNA from early regions 2 and 3, but hr440 is unusual in that transcription from regions 1B and 4 is normal. Furthermore, although region 1B expression is unaffected, hr440 does not transform baby rat kidney cells. Therefore, expression of early region 1B is insufficient for transformation, eliminating the possibility that region 1A is required only to induce such expression.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1980

Hydrolysis of alpha-D-glucans and alpha-D-gluco-oligosaccharides by Cladosporium resinae glucoamylases.

Culture filtrates of Cladosporium resinae ATCC 20495 contain a mixture of enzymes able to convert starch and pullulan efficiently into D-glucose. Culture conditions for optimal production of the pullulan-degrading activity have been established. The amylolytic enzyme preparation was fractionated by ion-exchange and molecular-sieve chromatography, and shown to contain alpha-D-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and two glucoamylases. The glucoamylases have been purified to homogeneity and their substrate specificities investigated. One of the glucoamylases (termed P) readily hydrolyses the (1 leads to 6)-alpha-D linkages in pullulan, amylopectin, isomaltose, panose, and 6(3)-alpha-D-glucosylmaltotriose. Each of the glucoamylases cleaves the (1 leads to 6)-alpha-D linkage in panose much more readily than that in isomaltose.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1980

[Comparative investigations to the epidemiology of chronic bronchitis in Erfurt and Riga (author's transl)].

Studies concerning the prevalence of chronic bronchitis were conducted in Erfurt in 1971 and in Riga in 1974, comprising a standard interview and measurements of vital capacity and forced expiratory volume. Results in both towns are compared and critically discussed. Chronic bronchitis and obstruction are more frequent in Riga, while obstruction shows a better correlation to the severity of clinical signs in Erfurt. The influence of age, smoking, and hemoptysis are also compared; the latter showing no difference between both towns.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of anthropometric measures of nutritional status in preschool children in five developing countries.

Weight, height, and arm circumference were measured in 7304 children 1 to 5 years old in Columbia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, India, and Pakistan. Previously developed indices using these measures were applied to assess nutritional status, and the agreement between measures was compared. Weight for age and height for age deficits increased with age while weight for height deficits diminished. Many children diagnosed as mildly malnourished by weight for age were found to have normal weights for their actual heights. Deviations from weight for age norms were frequently due to height limitations. Highest positive correlation was found between weight and height, and between weight for age and height for age. Good agreement in malnutrition diagnoses was found between a weight for height limit of 90% of standard and a weight for age limit of 75% of standard. A cut-off point of 80% of standard weight for height was too low to detect most malnourished children. An age-constant arm circumference limit of 13.5 cm identified nearly all children with severe or acute malnutrition by weight for age or weight for height.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1975

Use of height-arm circumference measurement for nutritional selectivity in Sri Lanka school feeding.

In order to maximize the impact of limited resources available for the government of Sri Lanka/CARE school feeding program, a nutrition survey was carried out in 1973 using the measurements of arm circumference for height of 1,122,773 school children aged 6-12 years. The results of the survey provided a score of the incidence of malnutrition in each government primary school and schools with the highest percentage of malnutrition were selected as eligible for the feeding program. The height-arm circumference technique as found to be a valid tool for diagnosing malnutrition when compared with either weight-height-age or clinical assessment. This technique requiring only measuring tapes, was found to be rapid, economical, and highly practical for field situations as a device for nutritional selectivity. The survey findings revealed that 40 per cent of the primary school population were malnourished.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Nutritional knowledge of health food users in Oahu, Hawaii.

A survey to learn the nutritional knowledge and dietary practices of health food users on Oahu was conducted at fourteen health food stores. Most of the participants were under thirty years of age, followed no specific dietary regimen, used health foods in combination with supermarket foods, would seek help from physicians if they became sick, and have obtained nutritional information through popular publications. Reliance on such publications has produced a population which is fairly well informed regarding some nutritional facts but which has acquired a host of incorrect nutritional information. Since this population is dedicated to obtaining proper nutrition and would be guided by their knowledge of nutrition, problems of dietary practices have arisen. Education in schools does not provide young people with tools and knowledge to choose food properly. In general, teaching of nutritional facts and activities, on which health and well-being depend, appears to be low in priority as far as school authorities are concerned. Elementary school teachers do not have the background to teach nutrition. Nutrition teaching should begin during the preschool years and should continue through elementary grades, since they are important growth periods when food habits are formed.

Adolescent↗