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Biomedical subjects

M A Ambos

Publications and source records attributed to M A Ambos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Computed tomography of ureteral obstruction.

Although hydronephrosis can usually be diagnosed by urography and/or pyelography, the etiology of the obstruction may not be apparent. Computed tomography (CT) is usually helpful in evaluation of these cases. In 36 cases in which CT was performed solely to determine the cause of ureteral obstruction of uncertain etiology, it proved to be of value in 33 instances (91.7%). The disease processes encountered in this series included metastatic carcinoma to the ureter or periureteral tissues(22), lymphoma (one), primary ureteral tumor (two), radiolucent ureteral stone (four), adjacent ileocolitis (two), aortic or iliac artery aneurysm (two), fibrous band(one), urinoma (one), and radiation fibrosis (one). In three cases (8.3%) an etiologic diagnosis could not be made by CT. These patients had radiation therapy to treat malignant disease, and recurrent tumor responsible for ureteral obstruction could not be distinguished from radiation fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Adrenal adenoma associated with renal cell carcinoma.

Four cases of nonfunctioning adrenal adenomas associated with renal cell carcinoma are reported. The adenomas were found incidentally during angiographic examination of the renal carcinoma, and originally were thought to be metastases to the adrenal gland. Reports in the pathologic literature indicate an increased incidence of adrenal adenomas in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Adrenal adenomas occur in 12%-15% of patients with renal cell carcinoma as compared to 2%-3% of the general population. Since a vascular metastasis to the adrenal gland and an adrenal adenoma may appear identical angiographically, awareness of this association is important to avoid overdiagnosis of metastatic disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Blood flow to the kidney via the gonadal-renal capsular artery.

The gonadal artery is an important collateral pathway of blood flow to the kidney. Collateral routes may be from the gonadal artery to the inferior capsular artery (gonadal-renal capsular artery) or to the periureteric arteries. These pathways develop in cases of renal artery stenosis, or when a vascular renal tumor increases the kidneys need for blood. We present five cases in which the gonadal artery served as a source of blood supply to the kidney.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Ureteral involvement by metastatic disease.

Ureteral obstruction secondary to metastases from distant primary tumors may be studied by urography, pyelography, venography and lymphagiography. An added dimension to the study of this disease process is obtained by the use of sonography and computed tomography since these techniques are better able to demonstrate the extent of the disease in the retroperitoneum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

An unusual vascular impression on the renal pelvis.

In a female patient who presented with the complaint of dysuria, angiography was required to distinguish a vascular impression on the renal pelvis from a possible tumor or calculus. Neither intravenous urography nor retrograde pyelogram clarified the smooth filling defect sufficiently to rule out the possibility of a urothelial tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Involvement of the inferior vena cava in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Inferior vena cavography plays an important role in the staging of renal cell carcinoma. The renal angiograms and inferior vena cavograms in a series of patients with renal cell carcinoma were reviewed to determine which patients require cavography. Our findings show that renal angiography is of great value in suggesting tumor involvement of the renal vein or vena cava, and that the decision to do cavography can be made from the angiographic findings. In the series of 172 patients with renal carcinoma, 15 or 9% had inferior vena cava involvement.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Unsuspected aortic dissection: the chronic "healed" dissection.

Of all aortic dissections, 10% are chronic. Typically they arise distal to the left subclavian artery and have reentry points into the true lumen. Pain may be minimal or absent and patients often present with cardiac failure. Chronic dissections are more likely to appear radiographically as atherosclerotic aneurysms on a chest film than are acute dissections. Four cases of chronic dissections found incidentally during angiography are presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Angiographic patterns in renal oncocytomas.

Renal oncocytomas are benign tumors arising from proximal tubular epithelial cells. They appear radiographically as solid masses which are vascular on angiography. Angiograms of 13 cases of renal oncocytomas were reviewed, as well as those of 155 renal-cell carcinomas. The classic angiographic findings for the oncocytoma include a spoke-wheel pattern, a homogeneous nephrogram, and a sharp, smooth rim. The finding of a homogenous blush and/or a spoke-wheel pattern greatly increases the possibility of an oncocytoma, though a renal-cell carcinoma may have any or all of the classical findings described for an oncocytoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Replacement lipomatosis of the kidney.

Replacement lipomatosis and renal sinus lipomatosis are parts of a spectrum of fatty replacement of destroyed or atrophic renal tissue. When long-standing inflammation exists in a kidney, especially with calculus disease, replacement lipomatosis may be the end result. Awareness of this process along with the specific radiologic findings will allow a correct preoperative diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The pear-shaped bladder.

The tear-drop or pear-shaped bladder was originally described in cases of pelvic hematoma. It may also be seen, however, with a variety of other entities, including pelvic lipomatosis, inferior vena cava occlusion, lymphocysts, and enlarged pelvic lymph nodes. Pertinent radiographic findings of these conditions are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Epinephrine-enhanced renal angiography in renal mass lesions: is it worth performing?

In our experience, properly performed epinephrine-enhanced angiography is a useful technique to improve accuracy in the angiographic diagnosis of renal masses. This pharmacologic enhancement is helpful in establishing the benignity of some lesions, clearly establishing malignancy in those questionable by routine angiography, and actually detecting malignant lesions not seen at all on unenhanced angiograms. Six examples of these situations are illustrated. The basic principles and pitfalls in the performance of the technique as well as its limitations are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Infiltrating neoplasms of the kidney.

Some neoplastic processes which involve the kidney develop not as a distinct localized mass, but rather as an infiltrating process which replaces the renal parenchyma, causes little or no mass effect, and contains little if any neovascularity. These neoplasms include (1) carcinoma of the renal pelvis when it invades the parenchyma (transitional cell and squamous cell); (2) blood-borne metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the kidney (most frequently from the lung): (3) renal lymphoma of the infiltrating variety; and (4) infiltrating sarcomatous type of hypernephroma. While the urographic and angiographic appearance of these infiltrating lesions can be similar, clinical aspects are usually sufficient to differentiate them. Radiographic findings include amputation of portions of the collecting system on urography and encasement of vessels with a loss of nephrogram on angiography.

Adenocarcinoma↗