Biomedical subjects

Lisa M Hollier

Publications and source records attributed to Lisa M Hollier.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Effect of a resident-created study guide on examination scores.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a resident-created study guide on Council on Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology (CREOG) In-Training and American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG) written examination scores. METHODS: In 1995, a group of residents at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center began creating an annual study guide based on the CREOG Test Item Summary Booklet. Individual, program, and national scores for 3 years before the intervention were compared with scores for 3 years after the intervention. A four-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effect of the intervention accounting for sex, Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society (AOA) status, and calendar year. A random effects model was also used to adjust for confounders. Categoric variables were compared using Mantel-Haenszel chi(2). Program failure rates for the ABOG written examination before and after the intervention were compared with relative risks. RESULTS: After introduction of the study guide, the annual difference between our program and the national percent correct increased significantly (2.1% versus 4.8%, P <.001), after adjustment for AOA status and calendar year. The improvement was distributed among resident levels 2-4 (all P <.02) and for non-AOA residents (P < or = .001). The relative risk of failure of the written ABOG examination before the study guide was 3.5 (95% confidence interval 0.77, 15.9). CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate an important cooperative use of the Test Item Summary Booklet as an educational resource.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Acyclovir concentrations in human breast milk after valaciclovir administration.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the valaciclovir and acyclovir pharmacokinetic profiles in serum and breast milk after valaciclovir administration to women after delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Valaciclovir (500 mg twice daily for 7 days) was given to 5 women after delivery who were breast-feeding healthy term infants. Matched serum and breast milk samples were obtained after the initial dose, on day 5 and 24 hours after the drug was discontinued. Infant urine was obtained on day 5. RESULTS: Valaciclovir was rapidly converted to acyclovir. The peak serum acyclovir concentration occurred 3 hours before the peak breast milk concentration (2.7 microg/mL at 1 hour vs 4.2 microg/mL at 4 hours). The serum acyclovir elimination half-life was 2.3 hours. The ratio of breast milk to serum acyclovir concentration was highest 4 hours after the initial dose at 3.4 and reached steady state ratio at 1.85. The median infant urine acyclovir concentration at steady state was 0.74 microg/mL. CONCLUSION: Valaciclovir is rapidly converted to acyclovir and concentrates in breast milk. However, the amount of acyclovir in breast milk after valaciclovir administration is considerably less (2%) than that used in therapeutic dosing of neonates.

Acyclovir↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of botulinum toxin type a after topical anesthesia.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the use of topical anesthesia has an impact on botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) efficacy. METHODS: Forty patients (20 receiving BTX-A for facial cosmetic rhytid reduction and 20 for benign essential blepharospasm) were evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, triple-crossover study at 2.5- to 4.5-month intervals. The discomfort and efficacy of BTX-A injections after betacaine application to half the face (random assignment) were compared against the discomfort and efficacy of a placebo ointment on the other half of the face. This was followed by cryoanalgesia to the entire face. RESULTS: Patients ranged from 27 to 81 years of age (mean, 53 years), and 34 were female. Of the 120 total injection comparisons, a better BTX-A effect on one side of the face was reliably identified by 80% and 77% of blepharospasm and cosmetic patients, respectively, with the placebo-treated side providing better BTX-A effect approximately 90% of the time (p < 0.001). Patients reported a more painful side during injection in just 18 of the 120 trials, and only 1 of 40 patients believed the administration of analgesia was worth the trouble. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with topical betacaine followed by skin cooling seems to have a deleterious impact on BTX-A effect without a significantly beneficial patient-perceived reduction in injection discomfort.

Administration, Topical↗