Biomedical subjects

Laurent Desbat

Publications and source records attributed to Laurent Desbat.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Multichannel algorithm for fast 3D reconstruction.

Some recent medical imaging applications such as functional imaging (PET and SPECT) or interventional imaging (CT fluoroscopy) involve increasing amounts of data. In order to reduce the image reconstruction time, we develop a new fast 3D reconstruction algorithm based on a divide and conquer approach. The proposed multichannel algorithm performs an indirect frequential subband decomposition of the image f to be reconstructed (f = sigma fj) through the filtering of the projections Rf. The subband images fj are reconstructed on a downsampled grid without information suppression. In order to reduce the computation time, we do not backproject the null filtered projections and we downsample the number of projections according to the Shannon conditions associated with the subband image. Our algorithm is based on filtering and backprojection operators. Using the same algorithms for these basic operators, our approach is three and a half times faster than a classical FBP algorithm for a 2D image 512 x 512 and six times faster for a 3D image 32 x 512 x 512.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2002

Optimal calibration marker mesh for 2D X-ray sensors in 3D reconstruction.

Image intensifiers suffer from distortions due to magnetic fields. In order to use this X-ray projections images for computer-assisted medical interventions, image intensifiers need to be calibrated. Opaque markers are often used for the correction of the image distortion and the estimation of the acquisition geometry parameters. Information under the markers is then lost. In this work, we consider the calibration of image intensifiers in the framework of 3D reconstruction from several 2D X-ray projections. In this context, new schemes of marker distributions are proposed for 2D X-ray sensor calibration. They are based on efficient sampling conditions of the parallel-beam X-ray transform when the detector and source trajectory is restricted to a circle around the measured object. Efficient sampling are essentially subset of standard sampling in this situation. The idea is simply to exploit the data redundancy of standard sampling and to replace some holes of efficient schemes by markers. Optimal location of markers in the sparse efficient sampling geometry can thus be found. In this case, the markers can stay on the sensor during the measurement with--theoretically--no loss of information (when the signal-to-noise ratio is large). Even if the theory is based on the parallel-beam X-ray transform, numerical experiments on both simulated and real data are shown in the case of weakly divergent beam geometry. We show that the 3D reconstruction from simulated data with interlaced markers is essentially the same as those obtained from data with no marker. We show that efficient Fourier interpolation formulas based on optimal sparse sampling schemes can be used to recover the information hidden by the markers.

Calibration↗

PubMed2002

Development and validation of an X-ray tomograph for two-phase flow.

This paper describes the development and validation of a high spatial resolution X-ray tomograph designed for the investigation of air-water two-phase flow. The device hardware mainly comprises a 60 keV X-ray source, a detector, and an accurate mechanical bench. Our study concentrated on accurate quantification with emphasis on the reconstruction procedure. As is well known, absorption gradients induce reconstruction artifacts when using standard algorithms based on uniform regularization. In the particular case of two-phase flow in a pipe, this leads to poor measurement accuracy in the vicinity of the walls. To overcome such effects, improved algorithms were developed during this study that involve spatially adaptive regularization methods. Preliminary calibration performed on static phantoms clearly exhibited the benefits of the advanced reconstruction algorithms. A validation procedure was carried out on an air-water bubble column, equipped with an optical probe, which could be translated in order to explore the 80 mm x 80 mm square cross section. Comparisons of local void fraction measurements were performed pixel by pixel. They demonstrate the accuracy improvement induced by the advanced reconstruction algorithms.

Air↗