A survey investigation of the quality of work and life of China's senior female intellectuals.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Asia↗
Biomedical subjects
L Zhu
Publications and source records attributed to L Zhu.
[Study on determination of gentamycin in serum by enhanced chemiluminesent immunoassay based on immobilized antibody and biotin-avidin system].
Gentamycin was determined by competition with biotin labeled gentamycin in the presence of an immobilized antibody to gentamycin. Microcrystalline cellulose was first coupled with sheep anti-rabbit antibody, then the anti-gentamycin antibody was conjugated and the competition reaction conducted. After separation, HRP-avidin was added to the precipitation and the amount of HRP conjugate determined by enhanced chemiluminescene. The limit of detection for gentamycin in serum was 63-78 ng/tube and the average recovery of gentamycin 103%. The correlation coefficient of the log-log regression equation. Magnitude of r was 0.991 +/- 0.006.
Animals↗
Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. Successful correction for a 7-year-old patient.
A 7-year-old girl with an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery restored connection of the left coronary artery to the ascending aorta by aortocoronary bypass graft. Aortocoronary bypass grafting was performed with a vascular prosthesis. Postoperative angiography showed a patent left coronary artery without narrowing or kinking. Clinical improvement was rapid and the left ventricular function recovered completely.
Child↗
[Diagnosis and misdiagnosis of fracture of the femoral head].
164 cases of traumatic posterior dislocation of the hip, of which 26 were associated with fractures of the femoral head, about 15.9% incidence, were treated during the year from March 1982 to March 1993. According to the pipkin classification of fractures of the femoral head, 10 cases were type 1, 6 tupe 2, 2 type 3, and 8 type 4. Of the 26 cases, 24 received emergent radiography, with 22 diagnosed and 2 misdiagnosed. The other 2 cases were found prompt auto-reduction of dislocation of the femoral head, without emergent radiography. The 4 misdiagnosed cases, because of continued pain or redislocation, came back later for radiography and then were correctly diagnosed. Besides the routine anteroposterior radiograph of the hip, pelvic oblique radiography angled 45 degrees or 60 degrees, and frog-leg anteroposterior hip radiography were needed. The CT-directed pelvic oblique radiograph was found to be the most accurate determinant of the extent of fracture displacement and the presence of intrasarticular loose fragments. Among the 19 cases operated on, 16 showed excellent-good rate (50%), and among the 7 non-operated cases, of 6 showed excellent-good rate (33%). After follow up.
Adolescent↗
[Effects of dopexamine on the electrophysiologic changes during myocardial ischemia and comparison with fenoldopam and procaterol].
The effects of dopexamine (DPX), a new dopamine receptor agonist, on transmembrane potential and effective refractory period (ERP) of isolated guinea pig ventricular muscle superfused either with hypoxia or mimic ischemia perfusates were investigated by using intracellular microelectrode technique and compared with fenoldopam (FODA) and procaterol. DPX (3 x 10(-6) mol.L-1) was found to significantly reduce both the extent of decrease of resting potential, action potential amplitude and maximal upstroke velocity and the degree of shortening of action potential duration caused by hypoxia or ischemia. These effects of DPX were significantly greater than those of FODA and procaterol albeit the latter showed effects similar to DPX. DPX could not only lengthen the abbreviated ERP resulting from hypoxia, but also shorten the prolonged ERP caused by ischemia. This action of DPX was more evident than that of FODA and procaterol. The results reveal the potential advantages of DPX over other dopaminergic agonists in the antiarrhythmic activity during myocardial ischemia.
Action Potentials↗
Pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis in light chain deposition disease. Role for transforming growth factor-beta.
The glomerulopathy of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain deposition disease is a progressive disorder characterized by accumulation of monoclonal light chains and matrix proteins in the mesangium. To define the role of light chains in this process, cultured rat mesangial cells were exposed to different light chains and human albumin. Two light chains were purified from the urine of patients who had biopsy-proven light chain deposition disease. These proteins inhibited mesangial cell proliferation and increased production of matrix proteins, including type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. By immunocytochemistry and bioassay, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) production and activity increased when mesangial cells were exposed to these proteins. Furthermore, anti-TGF-beta antibody abolished the inhibition of cell proliferation and the increase of extracellular matrix protein production caused by these light chains. These findings were not observed in mesangial cells exposed to human albumin and two other light chains previously characterized to be tubulopathic. We concluded that the glomerulopathic light chains increased TGF-beta, which inhibited mesangial cell proliferation and increased matrix protein production. Together with overexpression of TGF-beta in affected glomeruli of light chain deposition disease, light chain-mediated stimulation of mesangial cells to produce TGF-beta appears to be a key pathological mechanism of this disease.
Animals↗
[A study on the relative factors for secondary parathyroidosis and renal osteodystrophy in long-term hemodialysis patients].
The authors classified sixty chronic renal failure (CRF) patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) treatment into four groups for clinical study. Forty patients received HD for more than five years and the remaining twenty patients received HD for less than two years. These two groups were further divided into two subgroups according to whether they took Rocaltrol or not. The levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and bone X-ray were studied in each patient. The results showed: the levels of PTH and CT were obviously increased in all the patients. The levels of PTH and CT were higher in the patients having received HD for more than five years than those for less than two years. They were also higher in patients who had not taken Rocatrol than those who had. Ninety-five percent of the patients having received HD for more than five years had renal osteodystrophy (ROD) without receiving Rocaltrol treatment, while only sixty-five percent of the patients developed ROD with Rocatrol treatment. The longer the HD time, the higher the ROD incidence. The cause, prevention and treatment of ROD were discussed.
Adult↗
Multiple organ dysfunction after heart valve replacement.
Multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) after valve replacement was studied in a period of 1980-1991. The incidences of MOD involving 2, 3 and 4 organs were 17.1%, 5.6% and 4.3% with corresponding mortalities of 12%, 18.5% and 76.2%. We focused on dysfunction of more than 3 organs, the dreadful complication, which can be divided clinically into three types: acute (type I), deteriorating (type II), and pulmonary infection (type III). In MOD, the function of heart and lung is primarily depressed after surgery. So the predisposing factors of MOD are acute pump failure and hypoxemia, and the possible triggering factor is infection, especially pulmonary infection, which re-endangers the organs recovering from the primary blows. Thus prevention of pulmonary infection is of same importance as treatment of pump failure and hypoxemia.
Adult↗
E2F-independent transcriptional repression by p107, a member of the retinoblastoma family of proteins.
The Rb family of proteins includes pRb, p107, and p130. These nuclear polypeptides associate with cyclins and transcription factors involved in the control of cell proliferation. This has suggested that members of the pRb family may modulate cell growth, at least in part, by regulating gene transcription. We have investigated the ability of p107 to modulate transcription and compared it with that of pRb. Whereas pRb inhibition of the c-myc promoter required the presence of E2F sites, p107 inhibition did not. Moreover, p107, but not pRb, repressed transcription from other promoters including fibronectin, herpes virus thymidine kinase, and a synthetic promoter containing a SV40 repeat activator motif upstream from the adenovirus major late-promoter TATA box. In contrast, the activity of the TATA-lacking promoters from the epidermal growth factor receptor and the cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 genes was unaffected by either p107 or pRb. Likewise, overexpression of p107 or pRb had no effect on the activity of a synthetic promoter lacking a TATA box and containing the SV40 repeat motif upstream from the terminal transferase gene initiator element. The domains in p107 required for transcriptional repression included the A segment of the pocket region and parts of the B segment, but not the spacer domain. In spite of their structural similarities, p107 and pRb may contribute to the control of cell proliferation by modulating the transcription of different genes.
Carrier Proteins↗
[Congenital kinking of the aorta: report of 5 cases].
5 patients with congenital kinking of the aorta, one male and 4 females with a mean age of 29 years (age range, 10-37 years), underwent surgical-treatment. There was a systolic murmur at the left sternal border and the interscapular area and hypertension only in the right arm. A chest rentgenogram showed a widened left superior mediastinum. Angiograms showed elongation, kinking and aneurysm formation of the aortic arch and descending aorta and the aneurysm ruptured in one. Three patients were associated with coarctation of the aortic arch, one with coarctation of the upper descending aorta and another with interruption of the aortic arch. All the patients had an excellent results. The clinical features, morphology, surgical techniques and postoperative care were discussed.
Adolescent↗
[Flow cytometry used to distinguish between complete and partial hydatidiform moles].
The nuclear ploidy of 14 placentas was determined by flow cytometry. All histologically classified complete moles (4 cases), hydropic villi (4 cases) and control placentas (3 cases) were diploid; whereas two of three histologically classified partial moles were triploid. The remaining case classified as partial mole was diploid, most likely a complete mole. It was concluded that DNA flow cytometric analysis offers an informative supplement to the histological interpretation of hydropic placentas.
DNA, Neoplasm↗
Morphometric evaluation on myocardial protection of cold crystalloid versus warm blood cardioplegia.
Twenty patients undergoing open-heart valve replacement were divided randomly into two groups in this study; intermittent perfusion of cold crystalloid (St. Thomas Hospital solution) with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (hypothermic group) and continuous administration of warm blood cardioplegia with normothermic CPB (normothermic group) respectively. Tissue samples were taken from the right atrium before weaning from CPB and from the right appendage 30 minutes after removal of the cross-clamp. The results of pathological study in these two groups were as follows: the structural alterations were most severe during the ischemic period in the hypothermic group. Damages of the myocardial mitochondria examined with transmission electron microscope were found more severe in the hypothermic group than in the normothermic group, and in the reperfusion period than in the ischemic period. Loss of integrity of the mitochondrial membrane could be noted during reperfusion in the hypothermic group. The surface to volume ratios of mitochondria of each period of the two groups were calculated by computerizing the microphotographs of the myocardium. It was shown that the average of the surface to volume ratios was smallest in the reperfusion period in the normothermic group. It seemed that the volumes of the mitochondria were larger in the warm group than in the cold one. Probably the results were due to more severe damages of the mitochondrial membranes in the hypothermic group, which led to the release of the contents out of the mitochondria while in the normothermic group, the sodium-pump was disordered and it made the mitochondria swell. Pathologically, blood cardioplegic perfusion with the use of normothermic CPB is a feasible method for myocardial protection in open-heart surgery.
Bicarbonates↗
Alterations of the percentage of lymphocytes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and clinical evaluation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
[Effect of obstetric factors on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries].
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of high risk obstetric factors on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries. The obstetric factors were investigated, including maternal complications during pregnancy and labor, the mode of delivery. METHODS: Intensive B-ultrasound brain monitoring in 211 newborns within the first 48 hours of life was carried out. The abnormalities were followed up by B-ultrasound. We assessed the extent of hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries with two kind of types, mild and severe. The mild type included 1-2 degree intracranial hemorrhage and the local hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The severe type included 3-4 degree intracranial hemorrhage and extensive cerebral edema. RESULTS: Thirty-nine cases (18.5%) were diagnosed intracranial hemorrhage and 22 cases (10.4%) were diagnosed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) or cerebral edema. The total positive rate was 28.9%. Of the positive cases, 67.2% were mild brain injuries without clinical symptoms. Those cases need no medical treatment and recovered in a natural course. The rates of brain injuries in groups of pregnancy induced hypertension, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia and premature newborns, were 46.1%, 48.9%, 66.7% and 71.4% respectively. It suggested that high risk obstetric factors were closely related to neonatal brain injuries. 15.9% of positive cases were from normal mothers without any obstetric complications. The brain injuries in those cases were mild. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that as a non-invasive procedure, B ultrasound brain examination is necessary for newborns with perinatal high risk factors of brain injuries. The study also suggested that perinatal care and systematic fetal monitoring were key-points for reduction of neonatal brain injuries.
Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
[Clinical study of sperm intro-fallopian transfer].
To explore the new technique of assistant pregnancy, we transferred sperm into fallopian tubes by laparoscopy Via an operation named sperm intra-fallopian transfer (SIFT). Twenty-nine infertile women (eighteen patients in natural menstrual cycle group, the others in the group of stimulated ovulation cycle) had their fallicle development with B ultrasonic scanning monitored. Patients were examined by laparoscopy before ovulation, then prepared sperm was transferred into fallopian tubes. Amony twenty-nine patients who had SIFT, three were pregnant in the operation month. The rate of pregnancy in operation month was 10. 3%, The rate of pregnancy during six months after SIFT was 31.0% (9 cases). Amony fifteen patients with "real" unexplained infertility, the rate of pregnancy during six months after SIFT was 46.7%. This preliminary result, showed that on the basis of skilled technique of laparoscopy, SIFT is a new, simple, safe, economic and effective method in treating infertility.
Adult↗
Changes of plasma endothelin and atrial natriuretic peptide during the onset and after termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Radioimmunoassays were used to measure the concentration changes of plasma endothelin (ET) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) during the onset and after termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). 30 cases were reviewed and comparisons with 42 normal subjects were made. There are very significant differences (P < 0.0001) in the concentration changes of both plasma ET and ANP during the onset and 30 minutes after the termination of SVT. During the onset period of SVT, the plasma ET and ANP were markedly elevated and 30 minutes after its termination they were lowered significantly, but their concentrations were still 2-fold higher than those of the control group. As the biological effects of ANP and ET are antagonistic to each other, their parallel elevation and lowering of plasma concentrations during and after the termination of SVT reveal that these 2 hormones participate in the pathophysiological process of SVT. This phenomenon is possibly one of the homeostatic regulatory functions in the organism.
Adult↗
[Clinical management of bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis].
The procedure of bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis (DBCPA) is an effective method for the treatment of some complex congenital heart diseases. The clinical results of the procedure as a part of total cavopulmonary anastomosis were better than those of fontan operation in the treatment of single ventricle and tricuspid atresia. 6 cases were treated by using this procedure in our department in recent years. All of them receives total pulmonary anastomosis, but one this procedure plus ASD closure for the treatment of Ebstein anomaly with tricuspid valve stenosis and right heart hypoplasia. There were 5 cases survived in the early stage and one case died of acute pump failure. And one case died of sepsis two months after operation.
Adolescent↗
[Synergistic effects of tumor necrosis factor interferon-gamma and chemotherapeutic drugs on human ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro].
Three ovarian cancer cell lines, NIH: OVCAR-3, 3AO, and AO were used in this study to assess the synergistic effect of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and chemotherapeutic drugs (epirubicin, carboplatin, fluorouracil). It was found that NIH: OVCAR-3 and 3AO cells were resistant to the individual treatment with TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, while AO cells were sensitive to TNF-alpha but not to INF-gamma. Epirubicin and TNF-alpha were the two major cytotoxic agents to NIH: OVCAR-3. 3AO cells were susceptible to epirubicin, 5-Fu, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, while AO cells were sensitive to TNF and epirubicin. Carboplatin did not show any synergistic effect on all these three cell lines when combined with cytokines.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗