Biomedical subjects

L Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to L Zhou.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Arsenic trioxide induces multiple myeloma cell apoptosis via disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potentials and activation of caspase-3.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the response of multiple myeloma (MM) cells to arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and their possible mechanisms. METHODS: Two MM-derived cell lines RPMI8226 and U266 cells were used as in vitro models. Cell apoptosis was assessed by morphology, flow cytometry, and DNA gel electrophoresis. Mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (delta psi m) were evaluated by measuring cellular Rhodamine 123 staining intensity. Protein expression was analyzed using Western blot. RESULTS: Zero point one to 0.5 mumol/L As2O3 inhibited cell proliferation and 2.0 mumol/L As2O3 induced cell apoptosis, while 1.0 mumol/L As2O3 inhibited proliferation with a weak degree of apoptosis induction in RPMI8226 and U266 cell lines. As2O3-induced apoptosis was accompanied by mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (delta psi m) collapse and caspase-3 activation in the presence of intact membrane. Glutathione depleter buthionine sulfoximine enhanced, while disulfide bond-reducing agent dithiothreitol partially antagonized As2O3-induced delta psi m collapse and apoptosis in MM cells. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) could also induce apoptosis in RPMI8226 cells, but it did not show any cooperative effects with As2O3. CONCLUSION: As2O3 exerts apoptosis-inducing and growth-inhibiting effects on MM cells, and mitochondrium is a pivotal and common target of As2O3 for apoptosis induction.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2001

Low incidence of severe aGVHD and accelerating hemopoietic reconstitution in allo-BMT using lenograstim stimulated BM cells.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy of accelerating hemopoietic reconstraction and reducing a graft versus host disease (GVHD) in Allo-BMT receiving lenograstim stimulated donor marrow and to assess the preliminary biological mechanism. METHODS: The donors for thirty patients (study group) with leukemia were given lenograstim 3-4 micrograms.kg-1.d-1 for seven days prior to marrow harvest. The results of subsequent engraftment in the recipients was compared with fifteen donors without G-CSF (control group). Five donors themselves were studied to assess the effects of lenograstion on hematopoietic progenitor cells and lymphocyte subsets in BM. RESULTS: The stimulated bone marrow contained a higher number of nucleated cells, CFU-GM and CD34+ cells (P < 0.01). The hematopoetic reconstitution was accelerated. Until granulocyte counts exceeded 0.5 x 10(9)/L and plalete counts exceeded 20 x 10(9)/L, the days were 16.7 +/- 3.2 and 18.4 +/- 3.0 days as compared with those of the control group (22.5 +/- 5.1 and 26.3 +/- 5.9 days respectively, P < 0.01). The incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD was very low, only one case with grade II aGVHD on the skin in the study group. Four out of fifteen patients (26.7%) in the control group had grade II-IV aGVHD (P < 0.05). The number of T lymphocyte subsets in the harvested BM stimulated by G-CSF changed. In comparison with the control group, CD4+ decreased and CD8+ increased significantly (P < 0.01). The changes of progenitor cells and T lymphocyte subsets in BM from pre- to post-G-CSF stimulation indicated that the percentage of CD4+ cells reduced (P < 0.05), that of CD8+ cells, and that of CD34+ increased (P < 0.01). The incidence of chronic GVHD and relapse of leukemia were not different significantly between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Allogenic bone marrow transplant (Allo-BMT) donors given G-CSF can accelerate engraftment and minimize the incidence of severe aGVHD. There is a trend in favour of improved transplant-related complications.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Management of hemangiopericytomas in the central nervous system.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the clinical features and treatment of Hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) in the central nervous system. METHODS: Twenty-six HPC operations performed at Huashan Hospital from January 1993 to June 1999 were analyzed retrospectively, and a review of relevant literatures was done. RESULTS: Among the 26 cases, total tumor removal was achieved in 24 cases, and subtotal removal in 2 cases. Postoperatively, neurological symptoms were improved or unchanged in 21 cases, worsened in 4 cases, and pneumonia caused death in 1 case. Eighteen patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Eighteen patients were followed up from 1 month to 58 months (average, 22 months). During the follow-up period, 2 patients presented one or more distant metastasis, and one patient died of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Surgical management is the best choice for treatment of patients with HPCs. Postoperative radiotherapy can postpone the risk of tumor recurrence.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Biomechanical properties of human umbilical vessels at different gestational ages and their clinical significance].

To provide theoretical data on biomechanical properties for the clinical application of human umbilical artery and umbilical vein. The calculation of the compliance of fetal umbilical artery and umbilical vein was made on the basis of measuring the pressure-volume relationship of the umbilical artery and umbilical vein collected from 50 normal fetuses and newborns of abortion and normal labor whose gestational ages ranged from 24 weeks to 42 weeks. It was found that the P-V relationship of umbilical artery and umbilical vein corresponded to parabolic curve and the compliance increased gradually with the growth of the gestational age, but when the gestational age was beyond 39 weeks the compliance began to decrease gradually. The compliance of umbilical vein is twice or triple as large as that of umbilical artery. Human umbilical artery and umbilical vein are good substitute materials for arterial grafts. In transplantation, two factors should be considered, first, the correspondence between the compliance of umbilical vessels and that of host artery; second, the relationship between the compliance and gestational age. We suggest that it be better to use selectively the umbilical artery and umbilical vein with a gestational age from 37 weeks to 40 weeks as the transplanting material.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed2001

[Association between angiotensin-II receptor gene type I polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between angiotensin type I receptor (AGT I R) gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its progression. METHODS: PCR technique was used to determine the AGT I R gene polymorphism in 86 patients without DN, 67 with microalbuminuria, 66 with clinical albuminuria and 20 type 2 DM patients with renal insufficiency. RESULTS: In comparing the DN group with the non-DN group, it was found that there was a significant difference of the frequency of AC genotype with DN (chi(2) = 4.30, P < 0.05), and C mutative type was more frequent in the DN group (chi(2) = 3.97, P < 0.05). No significant difference of AGTIR-A1166-C genotype was found in cases with different durations of DN. CONCLUSION: Delete polymorphism of A1166-C gene is associated with DN in type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is suggested that detection of significant AGTIR-A1166-C polymorphism is of help for preventing DN in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Peri-operative treatment of most severely head-injured patients.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the peri-operative experience from 53 patients with traumatic head injuries with GCS score 3-5. METHODS: Fifty-three most severely head-injured patients with GCS score 3-5 were admitted to our department and treated operatively from Oct. 1994 to Jun. 1998 and the data were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Thirty-seven cases (69.8%) survived, among them 28 (52.8%) had a good recovery or moderate disability, and 9 (17%) had severe deficits. The other 16 (30.2%) died after therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of most severely head-injured patients could be improved by peri-operative treatment including premedical care, early evacuation of intracranial hematoma with large decompressive craniectomies, intracranial hypertension monitoring, moderate hypothermia therapy, effective prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm and complications.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Studies on the effects of tea catechins against hepatitis B virus infection].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of tea catechins against hepatitis B virus and their roles in protecting liver damage. METHODS: A duck hepatitis B virus infection model was established by using one-day-old Beijing ducklings. The infected ducklings were divided into six groups: three treatment groups of different dosages (60, 120 and 240 mg/kg of tea catechins p.o., 93.7% total catechins and 48.7% EGCG), positive control group (Are-AMP, i.v.), model group (water, p.o.) and negative control group (no DHBV, no catechins). Serum DHBV-DNA was tested by dot blot hybridization (marked with digogenin), DHBsAg was assayed by ELISA. The morphologic changes of liver and the activities of ALT and AST were also measured. RESULTS: Levels of DHBsAg and DHBV-DNA in duck serum were significantly decreased in all the three catechin treated groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Activities of ALT and AST were also significantly decreased after treatment for 25 days and 14 days after the end of the treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Results of liver pathological examinations also provided positive evidence. CONCLUSIONS: The protective effects of tea catechins against hepatitis B virus infection were significant. It protected the liver functions and reduced the pathological changes of the liver tissue.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed2001

[Clinical investigation of burn wound infection with type I herpes simplex virus].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the clinical features of burn wound infection with type I herpes simplex virus (HSV -- 1), so as to propose the possible therapeutic measures. METHODS: Burn wound infection with HSV -- 1 was diagnosed in 7 cases by means of bacterial culture, PCR detection of virus, immunohistochemical staining and pathomorphological section with the exclusion of other causes. In addition, the clinical signs and the features of the development of the infection in 62 cases were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: In the burn patients with the infection, the burn wounds were covered by tumor-like masses with the cauliflower appearance. In the 7 cases who underwent pathomorphological examination, 5 with positive HSV -- I. Epithelial cells exhibited balloon -- like appearance, and reticular degeneration, and inclusion bodies were found in balloon-like cells under microscope examination. In the late stage, there revealed obvious proliferation of epithelial prickle cell layer in shape of pseudopapillomatous mass with the obvious liquefaction of basal cells. The sufferers exhibited evident local signs with mild systemic reaction. The management of the wound included wet compress with the addition of neomycin and pentacyclic guanosine. CONCLUSION: With the employment of PCR virus detection and immunohistochemical staining, burn wound infection with HSV -- I could be identified. Non -- surgical treatment could be effective.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Influence of chemotherapy on hematopoietic microenvironment and effect of autologous bone marrow stromal cell infusion on the recovery of hematopoiesis after chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of chemotherapy on hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) and hematopoietic microenvironment (HME). To observe whether intravenous infusion of autologous bone marrow stromal cells (ABMSC) expanded in vitro can improve the hematopoietic function. METHODS: Cultures of CFU-GM, BFU-E, CFU-E and stromal progenitor cells (CFU-F) from normal control and chemotherapeutic patients were performed. The stromal function was analyzed by the assessment of the area of flask surface covered by stromal cells (ASSC) and the time when stromal cells reach confluence (TC). The recovery of hematopoietic function in short term chemotherapy group and long term chemotherapy, with or without ABMSC infusion (1.1 - 8.7) x 10(8) post chemotherapy groups was observed. RESULTS: The yields of CFU-GM, BFU-E, CFU-E and CFU-F in long term chemotherapy group were significantly lower than that in normal group or in short term chemotherapy group. There was no significant difference among three groups in the ASSC and TC. In long term chemotherapy group, the yields of CFU-GM, CFU-E, BFU-E and CFU-F after chemotherapy with BMSC infusion were significantly higher than that without BMSC infusion. In long term chemotherapy group, the lowest value of white blood cell (WBC) and platelet after chemotherapy with BMSC infusion was significantly higher than that without BMSC infusion. The times for WBC and platelets recovered to normal were significantly shorter in BMSC group than in without BMSC. No adverse reaction was observed with ABMSC infusion. CONCLUSION: Long term chemotherapy results in severe impairment in HPC and mesenchymal progenitor cell (MPC), but has no obvious influence on the in vitro BMSC confluent layer formation. Intravenous infusion of expanded ABMSC can accelerate the recovery of hematopoiesis after chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Clinical and pathological characteristics of heroin spongiform leukoencephalopathy in China].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical, image and pathological characteristics of Heroin Spongiform Leukoencephalopathy(HSLE). METHODS: Clinical, CT and MRI analysis of 28 cases, brain autopsies of 2 cases and brain biopsies of 8 cases with HE, Loyez and Congo Red staining and observation through electron microscope. RESULTS: The clinic, image and pathologic characteristics of HSLE: (1) the history of inhalation of heated heroin vapor; (2) among 28 cases with HSLE, recurrence of HSLE was found in 17 cases during the abstinence, in 8 cases 1-2 month after abstinence, in 2 cases 4 month after abstinence and in 1 case after inhaling large amount of heroin; (3) the majority of cases were described with the acute onset characterized by cerebellar signs; (4) pyramidal tract lesion was frequently involved, but sensory system usually remained normal; (5) CSF test was normal; (6) CT and MRI revealed extensive symmetric white matter lesions in cerebra and cerebellum; (7) spongiform vacuoles degeneration of white matter was the main morphological change. CONCLUSIONS: Spongiform leukoencephalopathy may be considered if a patient who had a history of inhaling heated heroin vapor showed acute cerebellar signs. Spongiform vacuoles degeneration of cerebral white matter was the main pathological change.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Detection of cytomegalovirus infection in recipients of renal transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate infection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in recipients of renal transplantation (RT). METHODS: 167 recipients of RT were screened for the occurrence of CMV infection by using ELISA to test anti-CMV IgG, IgM from serum samples, using immunohistochemistry method to test CMV antigen expression and nest PCR to amplify CMV DNA from blood samples. RESULTS: Of these samples, 165 and 3 came out positive of IgG and IgM with the positive rate being 98.8% and 1.8% respectively. 79 samples resulted in antigen expression (47.3%) with the average antigen index being (3.2, 3.1)/5, 104 WBC. Besides, 85 samples were found to be positive by nest-PCR with the positive rate being 50.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the infection of RT so the detection CMV is common in recipients of RT. So detection of CMV-antibody, CMV antigen and CMV DNA after renal transplantation is very important in early diagnosis of CMV infection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Establishment and characterization of three transplantable tumors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Scid mice].

BACKGROUND: To establish several transplantable tumors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in order to provide suitable models for study of EBV specific immunity and its application in treatment of NPC. METHODS: Balb/C nude mice and scid mice were used as transplantation host. Tumor tissues were obtained with forceps from nasopharyngeal tumors of twenty six untreated NPC patients and transplanted subcutaneously in axilla or back of mice with puncture trocar. Characteristics of the established transplantable tumors including the transplanting efficiency, growth rate, gross appearance morphology under optic microscope and electron microscope and karyotypes chromosome were investigated. Detection of LMP-1 as well as LMP-2 were performed for the transplantable tumors and cell lines with immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Three transplantable tumors were successfully established from 26 specimens of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma and mamed as CSNET-1, CSNET-2 and CSNET-3. The CSNET-1 was primarily generated in nude mice and then transplanted to scid mice after 3 passages. To date the CSNET-1, CSNET-2, CSNET-3 have been passed to 11th generation (23 months), 14th generation (17 months) and 9th generation (16 months), respectively. The overall success rates of transplantation were 91% (39/43), 97% (29/30) and 94% (34/36); The median time of latent growth were 23, 38 and 20 days;and longest persistence of tumor in vivo were 93, 38 and 44 days, respectively, for the above tumors. The karyotypes of all transplantable tumors displayed as typical human origin with hyperdiploid chromosomal and multiple structure aberration. Histologically, the tumors possess the characteristics of poor differentiated squamous carcinoma under either microscope or electron microscope. Some particles minimizing mature EBV were found in CSNET-1 under electron microscope. Either LMP-1 or LMP-2 were detectable in CSNET-1, CSNET-2, and CSNET-3 by immunohistochemical test. CONCLUSIONS: The transplantable tumors CSNET-1, CSNET-2 and CSNET-3 are of human origin and able to pass steadily in scid mice. They possess the characteristics of poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma similar to their prime tumors in human and express EBV LMP-1 and LMP-2. These tumors seemed to be suitable models in the study of immunotherapy for NPC.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Effect of xanthnotoxol on contractility of isolated rabbit ileum].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Xanthnotoxol on contractility of isolated rabbit ileum and its relationship with Ca2+. METHOD: Routine experimental methods for isolated ileum were adopted. RESULT: Xanthnotoxol (XT) and Verapamil (Ver) inhibited the contraction of isolated rabbit ileum smooth muscle induced by submaximal concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and serotonim (5-TH), with a IC50 value (mumol.L-1) of 10.495 +/- 1.521, 0.428 +/- 0.001 and 18.132 +/- 1.627, 0.249 +/- 0.003, respectively. XT and Ver inhibited the contraction induced by Ca2+ after high K+ depolarization and for noncompetitively antagonist CaCl2 cumulative dose-response curve, the pD'2 value was 4.69 +/- 0.03 and 6.35 +/- 0.10, respectively. XT (10 mumol.L-1) and Ver(0.06 mumol.L-1) inhibited the contraction induced by ACh in Ca(2+)-free medium, while XT (100 mumol.L-1) but not Ver(0.6 mumol.L-1) inhibited the extracellar CA(2+)-dependent contraction induced by ACh. CONCLUSION: XT has a calcium-antagonistic effect which was not similar to that of Ver.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Differentiated microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland in 45 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To offer therapeutic management for patients with microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland (TMC). METHOD: Forty-five patients with TMC were treated from 1993, including 10 males and 35 females. Homolateral total thyroidectomy + contralateral subtotal thyroidectomy + homolateral functional neck dissection was taken as routine. RESULT: Among 168 patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland, 45 patients were TMC (26.78%). Homolateral metastasis of lymph node presented in 11 (24.44%) of the TMC patients. No operation complications. All patients were followed up. No recurrence, no death. CONCLUSION: The lymph node metastasis appears to be high. Homolateral total thyroidectomy + contralateral subtotal thyroidectomy + homolateral functional neck dissection was effective and essential.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[The selection of surgical technique for differentiated thyroid carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the optimal extent of primary thyroidectomy and neck dissection in the patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). METHOD: Retrospective analysis of 66 cases of DTC. Lobectomy for tumor side plus subtotal lobectomy for another side was performed in 49 cases, lobectomy with isthmectomy was performed in 7 cases, subtotal lobectomy for one side plus partial lobectomy for another side was performed in 6 cases, total thyroidectomy was performed in 4 cases. Unilateral functional neck dissection for another side was performed in 1 case and unilateral traditional neck dissection in 5 cases. RESULT: The 5 and 3 years survival rates were 94% and 96%. All 4 cases operated with total thyroidectomy suffered hypothyroidism and 2 of them had hypoparathyroidism postoperatively. There was no hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism for other cases. No recurrent nerve paralysis occurred in this group. CONCLUSION: We recommend lobectomy for tumor side plus subtotal lobectomy for another side for most of DTC. Selective neck dissection is not necessary for N0 cases unless the patient is in high risk group.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Studies on genetic diversity in gonochoristic offspring produced from mating between two different gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp].

Based on the discovery of gonochoristic reproductive mode in silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), 18 individuals from the mated offspring between clone F and clone D and their parents were analyzed using 11 RAPD primers. The mated offspring differentiated into three phenotypes. One phenotype is similar to that of clone F (SF). The second is similar to that of clone D (SD). The third shows a novel longer and thinner body type (NL). Electrophoretogram results show abundant polymorhic DNA fragments among individuals in the FD mated offspring. Obviously, the polymorphic DNA fragments originate from the genome recombination owing to the gonochoristic reproductive mode. The FD mated offspring amplify different fingerprints from maternal, and their fingerprints are different from each other. These different DNA fragments can be divided into four groups according to their origin. The average genetic distance among individuals from the FD offspring (0.23 +/- 0.123) is much higher than that of allogynogenetic offspring, which is only about 0.01. Of the three phenotypes in the FD offspring, the average distances among SD is the highest (0.235 +/- 0.097). The next is SF phenotype, in which the average distances is 0.148 +/- 0.073. The average distances among NL is the lowest (0.094 +/- 0.083). The gonochoristic reproductive mode introduces high genotypic variability and underlines genetic diversity. A dendrogram was constructed by NJTREE cluster analysis based on a total of 2320 distinguishable fragments (116 per individual). NL3 and maternal are most closely related, and SD3 and paternal are most closely related. The average genetic distances between SD and SF or NL (> 0.31) is higher than that of between SF and NL (0.124). Consistent with previous study, the genetic distance between maternal and paternal is 0.35. The average genetic distances between FD offspring and parents are both about 0. 32. But the similarities among the three phenotypes in mated group FD offspring and parents are different. The similarity between SF and maternal (71%) is higher than similarities among other phenotypes and maternal. The similarity between SD and paternal (70%) is higher than similarities among other phenotypes and paternal. The results suggest the similarities among three phenotypes in the FD offspring and parents are related with their phenotypes because some DNA fragments specific for phenotypes were amplified in this study. The revelation about reproductive diversity will be able to open the door in which complicated mechanism has been locked in unisexual organisms for long time, and establish the important roles of silver crucian carp in the studies on evolutionary genetics in unisexual or polyploid vertebrates.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Screening and sequence analysis of the adult stage-specific gene of Trichinella spiralis].

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the sequence of the adult stage-specific gene of Trichinella spiralis. METHODS: An adult T. spiralis cDNA library was screened using an adult T. spiralis stage-specific probe. The gene sequence was analyzed by DNAstar software and GenBank database. RESULTS: A cDNA clone of 1,629 bp was obtained by screening the library with an adult stage-specific probe. The clone contained one open reading frame composed of 1,464 bp encoding 487 amino acids. GenBank searching revealed that no identical cDNA was found. Two zinc fingers located at the positions within amino acids 207-270. Some possible antigen epitopes were predicted within the amino acids 52-64, 108-116, 137-163 and 226-260. CONCLUSION: A novel stage-specific gene of adult T. spiralis encoding the protein containing certain predicted antigen epitopes was obtained.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2001

[Genotypes of merozoite surface protein 2 of Plasmodium falciparum in different malaria endemic areas].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the genotypes and distribution of MSP2 of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Yunnan and Hainan provinces, China. METHODS: The central polymorphic region of MSP2 allele was amplified by the nested PCR for genotyping of P. falciparum. RESULTS: The higher degree of polymorphism of MSP2 of P. falciparum was observed in Yunnan and Hainan. Distribution and allele frequencies differed in both provinces, indicating considerable geographical heterogeneity of parasite populations. The mixed infection of different allele-type and multiplicity of infection was more frequent in Hainan than in Yunnan. CONCLUSION: There were obvious differences in the distribution and frequencies of MSP2 alleles between Yunnan and Hainan endemic areas. MSP2 is suitable to be used as a marker gene for the genotyping of P. falciparum infection.

Alleles↗