[Observation and nursing care of female patients with schizophrenia during their menstrual period].
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Female↗
Biomedical subjects
L Xu
Publications and source records attributed to L Xu.
[Analysis of the A/C polymorphic site within the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene].
An A/C polymorphism was identified at nucleotide-11 from the acceptor site of IVS3 of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene. This polymorphism can be detected easily by means of single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. The frequency for the majior allele (A) was 0.656 and 0.344 for the minor allele (C) with the PIC being 0.351 in Chinese population. There was no linkage disequilibrium between this site and the STR polymorphic site located upstream within the same intron of the gene. The ejjicincy of prenatal gene diagnosis fro PKU was estimated to be 78.1% by haplotype linkage analysis using these two polymorphic sits.
Humans↗
Preparation, cloning, and high level expression in E. coli of interleukin 2-pseudomonas exotoxin fusion genes.
Using PCR and oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, recombinant plasmids which express IL2-PE fusion genes, e.g., IL2-PE40, IL2-PE40 KDEL, IL2-PE66(4Glu), and IL2-PE66(4Glu) KDEL, were constructed and expressed in E. coli at a high level. The fusion proteins were 20-30% of the total soluble bacterial proteins, existing as inclusion bodies in the host cell. In addition, there are single EcoRI, PstI, and SmaI restriction sites at the 5', 3' terminals and the linking region of the fusion genes, respectively, in the constructed expression plasmids so that these vectors could be conveniently converted to other expression vectors containing other cytokines or toxins.
ADP Ribose Transferases↗
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and loss of the insertion allele in aldosterone-producing adenoma.
The genetic mechanisms responsible for the formation of adrenocortical adenomas which autonomously produce aldosterone are largely unknown. The adrenal renin-angiotensin system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of these tumours. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the generation of angiotensin II, and the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene regulates up to 50% of plasma and cellular ACE variability in humans. We therefore examined the genotypic and allelic frequency distributions of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in 55 patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma, APA, (angiotensin-unresponsive APA n = 28, angiotensin-responsive APA n = 27), and 80 control subjects with no family history of hypertension. We also compared the ACE gene I/D polymorphism allelic pattern in matched tumour and peripheral blood DNA in the 55 patients with APA. The frequency of the D allele was 0.518 and 0.512 and the I allele was 0.482 and 0.488 in the APA and control subjects respectively. Genotypic and allelic frequency analysis found no significant differences between the groups. Examination of the matched tumour and peripheral blood DNA samples revealed the loss of the insertion allele in four of the 25 patients who were heterozygous for the ACE I/D genotype. The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene does not appear to contribute to the biochemical and phenotypic characteristic of APA, however, the deletion of the insertion allele of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in 16% of aldosterone-producing adenomas may represent the loss of a tumour suppressor gene/s or other genes on chromosome 17q which may contribute to tumorigenesis in APA.
Adenoma↗
[A study of neuroretinal rim morphology in physiologic large cups and early glaucoma].
OBJECTIVE: To find the differences of the physiologic large cups from the optic cup of early glaucoma. METHODS: The morphology of neuroretinal rim was studied. The subjects were divided into two groups: (1) 54 cases 88 eyes with physiologic large cups defined by cup/disk (C/D) ratio more than 0.6, optic disk areas more than 2.8 mm2, without neuroretinal rim loss within 3-6 years of follow-up, normal intraocular pressure and visual field. (2) 68 cases 89 eyes with early glaucoma defined by visual field defects, neuroretinal rim loss in follow-up and C/D ratio less than 0.8. The indexes of neuroretinal rim related to morphology are a series of rim widths and a parameter of cupping morphology which is a ratio of the vertical C/D over the horizontal C/D. RESULTS: The characteristics of a physiologic large cup are a large optic disk, a horizontal elliptic cupping and the widest neuroretinal rim at the inferior, followed by superior, nasal and temporal, while the characteristics of optic nerve head of glaucoma are normal size of optic disk, vertical elliptic cupping and the widest rim not at the inferior, since the inferior rim is subject to glaucomatous damage. CONCLUSION: To differentiate a physiologic large cup from a glaucomatous one, the most effective way is to apply the parameter of cupping morphology in combination with neuroretinal rim area and optic disk area in the multivariate discrimination.
Adult↗
[Screening for mutations in the PAH gene in Chinese: a new splice and a novel polymorphic mutation].
OBJECTIVE: to screening for novel mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) genes in Chines as to investigate the molecular basis of phenylketonuria and to raise its diagnosis rate. METHODS: We applied the polymorase chain reaction (PCR) on amplified DNA fragment harboring exon 4 of the PAH gene. For novel mutations detected, the amplified fragments were sequenced by using ds-DNA cycle-sequencing method. RESULTS: Seven out of 24 cases of PKU had different kinds of band-shifting, which are subjected to two patterns of polymorphism. The first one, only in one case, has one mutation band migrating before the normal bands, while, the second one, which was common among the cases, had both the mutation bands running ahead of the normal bands. By sequence analysis, these polymorphic patterns corresponded to two noval mutations. One was a GT-->AT substitution at the 5' splice donor site of intron 4, and the other is an A to C transversion at position-11 of intron 3. CONCLUSION: The two mutations are both first reported. The 5' donor splicing mutation may result in skipping of the preceeding exon during RNA processing. The A to C transversion, which accounted for about 20% of the Chinese PKU alleles is a polymorphism changes.
DNA Mutational Analysis↗
[Measurement and analysis of bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae and alveolar bone in patients with periodontitis].
Periodontitis and osteoporosis are world-wide diseases. It has been suggested that periodontitis and osteoporosis might be related. In order to evaluate this possible relationship, the bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae and alveolar bone in 21 patients with severe chronic periodontitis (CP), 11 patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP), and 14 normal persons was measured by dual photon absorptiometry. The results show: The alveolar BMD of periodontitis patients is significantly lower than normal persons. The lumbar vertebrae BMD has not significantly different between periodontitis patients and normal persons. The lumbar vertebrae BMD and alveolar BMD have not significantly different between CP and RPP. We therefore suggest that the alveolar BMD and lumbar vertebrae BMD have not relationship, the osteoporosis is not an important factor in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
Adult↗
A study on detection of serum fasting total bile acid and choloyglycin in neonate for cholestasis.
Enzyme-linked colorimetric analysis and radioimmunoassay were employed to detect serum fasting total bile acids (FBA) and choloyglycin (CG) respectively in cases of 32 neonatal hepatitis, 33 cases of neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and 34 cases of breast milk jaundice (BMJ). FBA and CG in acute period of neonatal hepatitis were obviously elevated and decreased gradually in convalescent and recovered period. The difference was significant for each stage as compared with controls. Acute FBA correlated strongly with the course. Both neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and BMJ differed significantly from controls in FBA and CG. The results suggested that serum FBA and CG were helpful in judging the course and state of neonatal hepatitis, and cholestasis might existed in neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
Bile Acids and Salts↗
Surgical treatment and prognosis of bronchial carcinoid tumor.
In order to understand the effect of surgery in the treatment of the bronchial carcinoid tumor and the factors affecting prognosis, 18 cases of bronchial carcinoid tumor are presented, including 5 cases with Cushing's syndrome. There were lobectomy in 10, lung wedge resection in 3, excision of intraluminal tumor of bronchus in 3, exploratory thoracotomy in 2 cases. No operation death. Pathological examination revealed 14 cases were typical carcinoid tumor and 4 cases were atypical carcinoid tumor. By 2-13 years follow-up, 3, 5 and 10 years survival rate were 82%, 78% and 70% respectively. Bronchial carcinoid tumor is often confused with small cell carcinoma of lung, the correct diagnosis can be obtained by light microscopic, electron microscopic and immunohistochemistry studies. Those patients accompanied with ectopic-ACTH secretion always have Cushing's syndrome, resection of tumor can produce good result. Proper operation method depends on the location of the tumor and patient's extent of cardiac and pulmonary reserve. Atypical carcinoid tumor had high malignancy and poor prognosis. The size of tumor, lymph node involvement and adjuvant therapy seem no definite effect on the patients' survival rate.
Adolescent↗
DNA ploidy, expression of p53 protein and metastatic behaviour of gastric carcinoma.
DNA ploidy of 57 gastric carcinomas with metastases (12 liver, 1 adrenal, 4 ovary and 48 lymph node) were measured by flow cytometry. DNA anueploidy was significantly related to liver metastases: 9 out of 12 gastric carcinomas with liver metastases were anueploid (75%) as compared to 13 out of 45 (28.8%) of cases without liver metastases (P < 0.01); the one gastric carcinoma with adrenal metastasis was also anueploid. DNA ploidy was not related to ovarian or lymph node metastases. Another interesting finding was that all of 3 gastric carcinomas with liver metastases which showed a diploid DNA pattern, expressed p53 protein, while all of 3 carcinomas with liver metastases but no p53 protein expression were anueploid. The expression of p53 protein was not related to ovarian metastases. The results suggested that an anueploid DNA pattern and the expression of p53 protein are both objective markers valuable in predicting high risk potential of metastases to the liver, and that the combined detection of these markers can be a most useful method in the follow-up of patients with gastric carcinoma in detecting those at high risk of developing metastases following surgical resection. Also the poorer prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma showing an anueploid DNA pattern may be related to the development of distant organ metastases through the blood vascular system. Furthermore, the clone of gastric carcinoma cells which accumulate p53 protein or show an anueploid DNA pattern may have a causative role in the development of liver (& adrenal) metastases.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma--report of three cases.
Three cases of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma were presented. The characteristic clinical features were described with review of literature. In comparison with bronchogenic carcinoma, the leiomyosarcoma has some characteristics: 1) On chest X-ray, it usually appears as a sharply demarcated, even density round mass, growing rapidly within the lung, it rarely accompanies with hilar or mediastinal lymph node metastasis. 2) The preoperative cytological or pathological diagnosis is difficult either by sputum smear or by bronchoscopic biopsy or by fine needle percutaneous aspiration biopsy. 3) Pathological differential diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of lung from anaplastic lung cancer is difficult. In conclusion, the primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor, detecting the present illness seriously, paying attention to the chest X-ray films characterize, early surgical resection is the only way to get diagnosis and effective treatment method.
Adult↗
[The effects of small dosage inactivated BCG vaccine on cellular immune function of pulmonary chronic obstructive disease patients with deficiency of lung-qi].
UNLABELLED: To investigate the effects of the small dosage inactivated BCG vaccine on the cellular immune function of the patients suffered from pulmonary chronic obstructive disease with deficiency of the Lung-Qi, the authors observed the patients' immune function before and after BCG treatment for half a year. RESULTS: The peripheral blood T lymphocytes subsefs (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8) and the conversion ratio of lymphocyte of the patients both were significantly lower than those of the healthy people (P < 0.01). But after the treatment of the small dosage inactivated BCG vaccine for half a year, these parameters of the patients were improved (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). It indicated that the small dosage inactivated BCG vaccine could improve the damaged cellular immune function.
Aged↗
[Experimental study on inhibitory effect of yifei kangliu decoction on cell proliferation in lung cancer].
In this study, the inhibitory effect of Yifei Kangliu Yin (YFKL) was observed on growth of LAX-83 human lung adenocarcinoma in naked mice. It was found that the YFKL could suppress the tumor growth significantly with a suppression rate of 45.59%. It was also found that positive expression of Ki-67 and cell proliferation significantly decreased, c-myc changed from positive to weak positive and P53 from positive to negative in the YFKL treated group. It suggested that the inhibitory effect of YFKL on proliferation of cancer cells might be realized by way of changing the oncogenetic expression of cancer, so as to influence the cell proliferation directly.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Normal spinal changes of bone mineral density in 445 individuals: assessment by quantitative computed tomography].
Spinal BMD was measured by QCT in 445 normal individuals aged 10-80 including 190 males and 255 females, which were divided into age-groups by every ten years. Statistic results showed that peak bone mass reached at 10-19 age-group for both male and female and that BMD assessed by QCT in females was not lower than that in males and BMD declined with increasing age. In females, BMD results in this study were different from those in USA. An acceleration bone loss was predominantly shown in the period after 40-49 age group. Among many factors related to bone loss, we consider that estrogen change may play a most important role for the remarkable bone loss in our country.
Absorptiometry, Photon↗
[Application of monoclonal antibody immuno-colloide gold probe in the study of porphyromonas gingivalis].
Immuno-electron localization of McAb BGG9 was specific for Porphyromonas gingivalis labeled with colloide gold. The monoclonal antibody immuno-colloide gold probe reacted with Porphyromonas gingivalis and 5 species of black pigmented bacteroides groups. The bacteria were fixed and embbed in Epon. sections were examined under transmission electron microscope, and the gold granular was observed near Porphyromonas gingivalis cell membrane. Our conclusion suggests that monoclonal antibody immuno-colloide gold probe is useful tool for studying Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
[Analysis of serum osteocalcin of patients with periodontitis].
To evaluate the effect of bone formation on alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis, we selected 20 patients with severe chronic periodontitis (CP), and 9 patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP). Their serum osteocalcin was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The serum osteocalcin in 65.0% patients with CP and 66.7% patients with RPP was lower than that in normal persons. It is suggested that osteoblastic activity and bone formation ability of periodontitis patients are lower than those of normal persons. The alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis results from not only increased osteoclastic activity and bone resorption but also decreased osteoblastic activity and bone formation.
Adult↗
[The effect of sampling repetition on gingival crevicular fluid and aspartate aminotransferase activity].
The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the influence on sampling repetition of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level with 10-minute intervals. Tests based on the composition of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) for detection of active periodontitis and GCF require the repetition of sampling. Two 30-second samples of GCF were harvested with 10-minute intervals from 123 sites in 10 healthy subjects and 20 periodontitis patients. AST activity of the first samples in periodontitis subjects were approximately 7.8% greater than that of the second samples. The difference were not significant (P > 0.05). But in healthy subjects the difference were significant (P < 0.05). AST activity correlation positively with bleeding index (BI) and probing pocket depth (PD).
Adult↗
[Cloning and screening on tumor-related genes inactivated in rat hepatoma cells. II. Reversion of malignant phenotype of hepatoma cells].
A rat normal expressing cDNA library was established and subsequently its whole DNA was transfected into CBRH-7919 rat hepatoma cell cultures. With neomycin selection and morphological distinction, several reversed colonies were isolated and subcloned. All these colonies showed decreased growth rates, reduced capacity for foci formation on soft agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice compared to CBRH-7919. Analysis of rescued plasmid cDNA from these colonies is under way.
Animals↗