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Biomedical subjects

L Wolfe

Publications and source records attributed to L Wolfe.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Prevention of cardiac disease by subcutaneous deferoxamine in patients with thalassemia major.

We examined the efficacy of long-term subcutaneous deferoxamine therapy in the prevention of iron-related cardiac disease in patients with thalassemia major who began treatment after the age of 10 years. Of 36 such patients without preexisting cardiac disease, 19 did not comply with the program of chelation therapy. Over the course of treatment (1977 to 1983) serum ferritin and aspartate aminotransferase levels fell in the compliant group, from mean values (+/- S.D.) of 4765 +/- 2610 to 2950 +/- 1850 ng per milliliter and 58.1 +/- 22 IU to 30 +/- 20 IU per liter, respectively (P less than 0.05), but rose in the noncompliant group, from 5000 +/- 2316 to 6040 +/- 2550 ng per milliliter and 56.6 +/- 20 to 90 +/- 35 IU per liter, respectively. Only one patient in the compliant group acquired cardiac disease and died of fulminant congestive heart failure. In contrast, 12 noncompliant patients acquired cardiac disease, and 7 died. In addition, the mean age of the compliant population (18.9 +/- 4.5 years) now approaches the mean age of acquisition of cardiac disease in the noncompliant group (19 +/- 4.3). These data demonstrate that compliance with treatment with deferoxamine may protect patients from cardiac disease induced by iron overload.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

An immunochemical investigation of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) in bovine cerebrum and human oligodendroglioma.

Bovine cerebrum, including the corpus callosum, and a human oligodendroglioma were investigated by an immunohistochemical technique to determine the distribution of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP). Also, three human oligodendrogliomas (ODG) were characterized by an immunoblot procedure to identify a protein(s) with cross-reacting determinants to CNP and assayed for CNP activity. CNP was localized to oligodendrocytes in the corpus callosum and subcortical white matter and gray matter. Also, nerve fibers appeared to be stained. Further, cells of the human oligodendroglioma were immunostained which were similar in morphology to those cells stained in the bovine cerebrum; however, fewer than 5% of the oligodendroglioma cells were immunostained. Immunoblotting revealed two separate and distinct bands for the three oligodendrogliomas, showing cross-reactivity to bovine CNP antisera at about 53,000 and 46,000 daltons. Specific CNP activity of the three human oligodendrogliomas ranged from 0.4 to 1.6 mumole of 2':3'-cAMP hydrolyzed/min/mg protein.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗
PubMed1983

Intensive plasma exchange in small and critically ill pediatric patients: techniques and clinical outcome.

Standard apheresis techniques require modification of use in children, particularly those with serious concurrent medical problems, as they are prone to apheresis-induced disturbances of volume, metabolism, and coagulation. We report 112 plasma exchanges (TPE) on 11 children, 9 of whom weighed less than 20 kg and 7 of whom were critically ill. All were treated on continuous flow apparatus; seven on centrifugal systems (CS), two on a membrane filtration system (MFS), and two on both. Perturbations of blood and red blood cell (RBC) volume were prevented by priming the extracorporeal circuits with a red cell saline mixture having an hematocrit equal to or greater than the patient's hematocrit. Priming volume and minimal flow rates were 170 ml and 40 cc/min (MFS) and 350 ml and 10 cc/min (CS). TPE dose varied from 1.3 to 3 plasma volumes. Immunoglobulins fell by the following amounts: IgG 43.7%, IgA 36.7%, and IgM 41% per plasma volume. Platelets fell by 20-90% (CS) and 5-7% (MFS). Vascular access was obtained by various means including Thomas shunts, dialysis catheters, and standard 16-19 gauge butterflies and angiocaths. Bleeding in patients with coagulopathies was prevented by using repeated small boluses of heparin to maintain a clotting time of 2.5-3 minutes. Morbidity from TPE was limited to citrate toxicity (2 patients) and transient pulmonary edema (1 patient). Treatment outcome was successful in 8 out of 11 patients. We have shown that if PEX is otherwise indicated, it should not be withheld solely for patient size or the complexity of concurrent medical problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

An immunosuppressive lipoprotein fraction from TEPC-183 bearing mice.

Lipoprotein (LP) fractions prepared from sera of normal and plasmacytoma (TEPC-183) bearing mice, were compared with respect to their effect on the in vitro anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl plaque forming cell response. Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions of sera from the plasmacytoma bearing mice contained immunosuppressive activity that was absent in VLDL and LDL fractions of normal serum LP fractions. The suppressive activity did not correlate with cholesterol or triglyceride content. Crossed-immunoelectrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed components of the suppressive VLDL and LDL fractions which were not present in normal serum LP fractions, suggesting a modification of serum LPs by the plasmacytoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Age and sexual behavior of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata).

The sexual behavior of the Arashiyama West troop, a natural semi-free-ranging troop of Japanese macaques, was studied during the 1973-1974 and 1974-1975 breeding seasons. The troop was transported intact from Japan to its current location in South Texas. There they have been free to move about in a 42.2-hectare electric fence enclosure. This report describes the relationships among age, aging, and sexual behavior. Males beginning at the age of 2.5 years were observed to series-mount estrous females in the double foot clasp mount position. Mounting in series in the double foot position is the normal pattern for Japanese macaque males. The ejaculation of semen with concomitant body movements indicative of orgasm begins at age 4.5 years at the earliest and continues until death. Males 4.5 and 5.5 years of age, sexually mature in the physiological sense, were not consistently sexually mature in the behavioral sense. The oldest male displayed traits that appear analogous to traits observed in aging human males. Females begin to experience estrus at 3.5 years of age. However, like pubescent males, pubescent females display behavioral patterns of sexual immaturity. The oldest female of the troop has remained sexually active. The attainment of sexual maturity by adulthood can be viewed as a learned process leading to efficiency and prowess, followed in old age by sexual involution.

Aging↗
PubMed1976

Epstein-Barr virus: experimental infection of Callithrix jacchus marmosets.

Eight common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) were inoculated with about 10(4) transforming units of B95-8 virus; seven of the marmosets died 50-111 days post inoculation and all seven showed microscopic and/or macroscopic lesions compatible with a diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disease. Low levels of anti-VCA antibodies were detected in plasma from six marmosets. Attempts failed to establish continuous EBV-carrying lymphoblastoid cell cultures by cultivation in vitro of circulating lymphocytes or minced lymphoid tissues obtained at necropsy.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Experimental infection of squirrel and marmoset monkeys with attenuated Herpesvirus saimiri.

Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) was propagated in vero cells for 3 passages at 39 degrees and cloned 3 times at 34 degrees. This virus was inoculated into cotton-topped marmoset and squirrel monkeys; all inoculated monkeys became infected as HVS was reisolated after their circulating lymphocytes were cultured with vero cells and measurable levels of antiviral antibodies developed that were measured by immunofluorescence and/or neutralization tests. None of the inoculated monkeys developed any signs of overt disease and all inoculated monkeys have survived 9 to 14 months postinoculation. The attenuated virus appears to be genetically stable as virus isolated from an infected marmoset was passed 3 times in vitro and then inoculated into other marmosets, which became infected and remained clinically well. Marmosets latently infected with attenuated HVS were not protected when challenged with a large dose (770 plaque-forming units) of oncogenic HVS, although these marmosets survived about 3 times longer than did inoculated control marmosets.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Immunological control of virus-induced tumors in primates.

Cells infected by oncogenic viruses may transform, may develop a latent carrier state, or may be destroyed but understanding of the control of the results of infection is incomplete. Even if cells transform, ultimate development of a tumor may be immunologically controlled. For example, cells of some marmoset species transform after infection with RNA tumor viruses, and animals react to the transformed cells with cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. Both virus specific and cross-reacting cell membrane antigens have been demonstrated. Immune deficiency accelerates tumor growth or causes recurrence of a regressing tumor. In contrast certain simian herpesvirus (Herpesvirus saimiri, HVS and Herpesvirus ateles, HVA), which cause no or minor disease in their natural hosts, induce lymphomas or lymphoblastic leukemias in other primate species. The immune response of the natural host species to HVS is greater than that of animals developing malignancies after experimental infection. HVS and HVA share many properties with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) of man, including antigens appearing early and late during infection and their related antibody responses but no evidence exists that they induce malignancies in their natural hosts. However, if induction is as infrequent as that with EBV and Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), we have not observed sufficient numbers of squirrel or spider monkeys to have seen a BL-like tumor. Interference with the immune systems of animals carrying HVS or HVA may induce tumor development, and clarify our understanding of the relationships between EBV and BL.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The mythology of various hepatitis A virus isolates.

Several types of viral hepatitis may exist. Hepatitis A (MS-1 type) can be transmitted to marmosets and chimpanzees. Virus-like particles, which may be parvo- or enteroviruses and which have been demonstrated in feces of this type of hepatitis, do not share cross-reacting antigens with hepatitis B but do cross-react with fecal hepatitis A antigen. Hepatitis A (GB type), which also does not cross-react with hepatitis B, is not antigenically identical with MS-1; it can be transmitted to marmosets and it may be similar to non-type A/non-type B post-transfusion hepatitis. Hepatitits B does not cross-react either with HA particles, the faecal hepatitis type A antigen or with the MS-1 or GB strains; it can be transmitted to chimpanzees and rhesus monkeys but not to marmosets.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Transformation in vitro with herpesvirus ateles.

Continuous lymphoblastoid cell cultures were established after transformation invitro with HVA of marmoset splenic or circulating lymphocytes. Transformation was achieved by co-cultivating lymphocytes with lethally X-irradiated, HVA-carrying cells (derived originally from tumour cells of a marmoset experimentally infected with HVA) or by infecting marmoset lymphocytes with cell-free virus. Tenty-eight continous cultures from 39 that underwent co-cultivation and two of four lymphocyte preparations infected with virus became transformed. Cultivation periods before transformation were in the range 17-32 days (co-cultivation) or 51-53 days (cell-free virus). HVA genome expression in transfromed cultures was demonstrated by:(1) recovery of small amounts of HVA from culture fluids; (2) ability of lymphoblasts to induce infectious centres after co-cultivation with permissive cells; and (3) observation of antigen-positive cells after staining with monospecific antiserum. Most cultures were composed of T lymphocytes: cells of 16 of 24 cultures formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and none of 30 possessed membrane Ig.

Animals↗