Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Wallentin

Publications and source records attributed to L Wallentin.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Effects of cyproterone acetate on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with carcinoma of the prostate (author's transl)].

15 patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate were studied in a prospective trial during treatment with 200 mg cyproterone acetate daily by mouth. Changes in variables (salt-water balance, antithrombin III, fibrinolytic activity, plasma lipoproteins) known to influence the risk of cardiovascular complications were recorded during the initial two months. Blood and plasma volume were unchanged, whereas the 24 h urine volume and the urinary sodium excretion were transitory increased. The body weight was decreased. The antithrombin III concentration and the fibrinolytic activity were increased. The lipoprotein fractions HDL and LDL and the HDL/LDL quotient decreased. The recorded changes of cardiovascular risk factors indicate that the risk of water retention and thereby congestive heart failure is not increased during cyproterone acetate treatment. The risk for thrombembolic disease is rather decreased. The small changes in lipoprotein fractions can hardly affect the incidence of cardiovascular disease in elderly men with prostatic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Cholesterol ester metabolism in plasma during estrogen and antiandrogen treatment in men with carcinoma of the prostate.

The male predominance in atherosclerotic disease has been ascribed to differences in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism between men and women. The influences of estrogen and antiandrogen treatment on the cholesterol ester metabolism and lipoproteins in plasma in men were therefore studied. Forty-six men with carcinoma of the prostate were studied before and after 2 and 8 weeks' treatment with either polyestradiol phosphate and ethinyl estradiol or orchidectomy or the testosterone receptor-blocking gestagenic drug cyproterone acetate. The estrogen treatment increased the HDL-TC and the level of TGs in HDL and LDL and reduced the TC and LDL-TC simultaneously with elevations of the fractional and molar cholesterol esterification rates. Orchidectomy caused only slight elevations of the TC level and the molar cholesterol esterification rate. Cyproterone acetate reduced the TC, LDL-TC, and HDL-TC concentrations simultaneously with an increase in the fractional cholesterol esterification rate. The alterations of TC and LDL-TC were positively correlated to the changes in the molar cholesterol esterification rate and negatively correlated to the alteration in the fractional cholesterol esterification rate. High doses of estrogen appeared to raise the TG level and the production of CE in plasma. Both estrogen and cyproterone acetate therapy lowered the LDL-TC level simultaneously with a raised fractional elimination of unesterified cholesterol as CEs from plasma. Although the testosterone production was practically eliminated by all three forms of treatment, there was no change of plasma lipoproteins common to all three groups. Therefore the lower estrogen level rather than the higher testosterone level might cause the lower HDL levels in men compared to women.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Plasma cholesterol esterification rate in type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Relation to bile acid kinetics and triglyceride metabolism.

The LCAT rate, VLDL triglyceride turnover, and bile acid kinetics were determined under standardized conditions in 10 patients with primary type IV HLP. Bile acid and plasma VLDL triglyceride kinetics were determined with the aid of [14C]-labeled cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid and [3H]glycerol, respectively. The LCAT rate was simultaneously determined in fasting-state plasma. The mean values of total bile acid formation (21.2 +/- 2.6 mumol kg-1 day-1), apparent VLDL triglyceride production (19.6 +/- 2.0 mumol kg-1 hr-1), and LCAT rate (6.0 +/- 0.6 mumol kg-1 hr-1) exceeded those reported previously for healthy controls. Plasma LCAT rate correlated positively with bile acid synthesis (R = 0.85, p less than 0.01) and with apparent plasma VLDL triglyceride production (R = 0.75, p less than 0.02). The results suggest that parallel disturbances in the regulation of cholesterol, bile acid, and lipoprotein metabolism occur in some patients with type IV HLP.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1980

Lipoproteins and cholesterol esterification rate in plasma during a 10-day modified fast in man.

The influence of a 10-day modified fast on the concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins and the rate of cholesterol esterification in plasma was studied in 12 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. The subjects were randomized and seven patients completed the period of fasting while the others served as controls. During the withdrawal of nutrients a rich supply of fluids, at least 2.7 to 3 liter/day containing around 200 kcal was given as fruit or vegetable juices and teas. After 10 days of fasting the concentrations of cholesterol and phospholipids in plasma were reduced by a mean of 21 and 11%, respectively, based on a 27% mean reduction of these lipids in the low density lipoprotein fraction. In all fasting subjects but one there was a reduction of the triglyceride concentration in the very low density lipoprotein fraction. The high density lipoprotein fraction was unchanged. The molar and fractional cholesterol esterification rates in plasma were reduced by a mean of 27 and 8.5%, respectively, after 10 days of fasting compared to the prefasting levels. The rate of cholesterol esterification in plasma is believed to reflect the turnover of cholesteryl esters in plasma, which therefore seemed to be reduced during fasting. The present findings might be explained by deprivation of specific nutrients or by a generally reduced metabolic rate during energy deprivation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Plasma lipoproteins during treatment with cyproterone acetate in men with prostatic carcinoma.

The incidence of cardiovascular disease is lower in women than in men, but is raised in men with prostatic cancer treated by estrogens. The antiandrogenic gestagenic drug, cyproterone acetate, is sometimes used instead of estrogens in the treatment of prostatic cancer. The cardiovascular risk associated with such hormonal treatment has been debated. Changes in plasma lipoproteins are related to the risk of cardiovascular disease and can be brought about by hormonal treatment. Plasma lipoproteins were therefore investigated during cyproterone acetate therapy in 15 men with prostatic cancer. Cholesterol (C), triglyceride, and phospolipid (PL) concentrations were determined in the very low density, low density (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions. During treatment, mean body weight decreased by 1.2 and 1.9 kg after 2 and 8 weeks, respectively. The mean C concentration was lowered by 16%. The HDL C was reduced by a mean of 25%, and the LDL C decreased by means of 15% and 10%. The part of plasma C carried in the HDL fraction decreased slightly from 19 to 17% (mean) and the mean HDL C/LDL c quotient was lowered from 0.27 to 0.22. The mean PL concentration in plasma was decreased due to a mean reduction of HDL-PL by 17% and LDL Pl by 10%. A reduction of the HDL/LDL quotient implicates an increased risk for development of atherosclerotic diseases. However, it seems unlikely that a modest reduction in the HDL/LDL quotient, as obtained by cyproterone acetate, should have any great influence on the incidence of cardiovascular disease in elderly men with prostatic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Plasma lipids and high density lipoproteins during oral contraception with different combinations of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.

Seventy-five menstruating women seeking contraceptive advice were randomly allocated to treatment with combined oral contraceptives containing either ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms + levonorgestrel 250 micrograms (50/250), ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms + levonorgestrel 150 micrograms (30/150) or ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms + levonorgestrel 125 micrograms (50/125). The concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids were determined after one, three and six months and compared to the mean of two determinations of the same parameters before medication. Triglycerides increased by 18--42 per cent after 1--6 months of treatment with 50/125. The HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids were reduced by 10 per cent during 50/250 treatment. No other parameters showed any consistent alteration in any of the treatment groups. Raised triglyceride concentration and/or decreased HDL concentration increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. It is therefore suggested that in order not to alter the HDL concentration a combined oral contraceptive agent should not contain more gestagen-androgen than corresponding to 125--150 micrograms of levonorgestrel. To avoid a rise of the triglyceride level the weight relation between levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol should be about 5:1.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of three different combinations of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel on plasma lipids and high density lipoproteins.

Seventy-five menstruating women seeking contraceptive advice were randomly allocated to treatment with combined oral contraceptives containing either ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms + levonorgestrel 150 micrograms (30/150), ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms + levonorgestrel 125 micrograms (50/125) or ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms + levonorgestrel 250 micrograms (50/250). The concentrations of cholesterol, phospholipids, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, HDL-phospholipids and triglycerides were determined prior to treatment and after one, three and six months of medication. Triglycerides increased by 18--42 per cent after one to six months of treatment with 50/125. The HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids were reduced by 10 per cent during 50/250 medication. No other parameters showed any consistent alteration in any of the treatment groups. Raised triglyceride concentration and/or decreased HDL concentration may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. It is therefore suggested that in order not to alter the HDL concentration a combined oral contraceptive agent should probably not contain more 19-nortestosterone type of progestogen than corresponding to 125--150 micrograms of levonorgestrel. To avoid a rise of the triglyceride level the weight relation between levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol should be about 5:1.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1978

Serum FSH, LH and oestrone levels in postmenopausal patients on oestrogen therapy.

Serum FSH, LH and oestrone levels were determined in postmenopausal women before and at 1, 3 and 6 months after the onset of cyclical treatment with 0.05 mg of ethinyl oestradiol (n = 19) or 2 mg of oestradiol valerianate (n = 20). Most samples from the women taking oestradiol valerianate were also analyzed for oestradiol. Vaginal smears were obtained from all patients. Although all women were relieved of vasomotor symptoms, the FSH levels usually exceeded the fertile range. Ethinyl oestradiol reduced FSH by 70 to 75 per cent and LH by 30 to 40 per cent while oestrone was increased by 20 to 40 per cent. In the women taking oestradiol valerianate, FSH and LH levels were both reduced by 20 to 25 per cent wheras serum oestradiol increased by 200 to 300 per cent and oestrone increased by 600 to 700 per cent. The mean vaginal maturation value rose equally in the two groups but 40 per cent of the patients in both groups showed no change in the value. There was no correlation between the appearance of vaginal endocrine smears and hormone levels.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1978

Changes of plasma lipid metabolism in males during estrogen treatment for prostatic carcinoma.

Fourteen patients with prostatic carcinoma were treated with 1.0-0.5 mg ethinyl estradiol orally daily and 160-80 mg polyestradiol phosphate im monthly. Lipid concentrations were determined in plasma and the high density lipoprotein fraction, and the plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyl transfer rate was measured before and 1 and 6 months after the start of therapy. During treatment, the concentration of total cholesterol was unchanged while there was a 60% increase of high density lipoprotein-total cholesterol. Triglyceride (TG) concentration increased 40%, indicating an augmented level of very low density lipoprotein concentration. The plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyl transfer rate increase 20-35%, indicating that an increased rate of production and turnover of TG, cholesteryl esters, and very low density lipoproteins probably was a main cause of the elevated TG concentration. The potential effects on the development of atherosclerosis by the plasma lipid changes during estrogen treatment are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Lecithin: cholesterol acyl transfer rate in plasma and its relation to lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in primary hyperlipidemia.

Plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyl transfer (LCAT) rate and concentrations of lipids in plasma and lipoproteins were studied in 107 hyperlipidemic subjects. In all types of hyperlipoproteinemia LCAT rates were higher than in a normolipidemic reference group. LCAT rates were highest in type IV and V. There was a considerable overlap of LCAT rates between type IIa, IIb and reference subjects. The LCAT rate correlated positively with very low density lipoprotein concentration, body mass and excess body mass. Low density lipoprotein concentration correlated positively with the LCAT rate only in the reference group. The high density lipoprotein concentration correlated negatively with the LCAT rate. It was suggested that the LCAT rate in vitro reflects the in vivo turnover of cholesteryl esters as a part of the turnover of apoprotein-B containing lipoprotein complexes in plasma. The results might then indicate an inflow rate of lipoproteins in plasma that is increased in most type IV cases but normal or only moderately increased in type IIa and IIb subjects. Analysing the relations between the LCAT rate and the concentrations of lipids in plasma by multiple regression indicated hypothetically deficiencies of lipoprotein removal from plasma in half of type IIa and one third of type IIb subjects.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1977

Studies on plasma lipid and phospholipid composition in pernicious anemia before and after specific treatment.

Patients with pernicious anemia (PA) have been compared with a reference group concerning the concentration of lipids in plasma before (34 cases) and after (15 cases) treatment with vitamin B12. The lipid parameters in plasma and in postheparin plasma have been measured before and after 6 hours' incubation at 37degree C before and after specific treatment. In a limited number of cases the lecithin: cholesterol acyl transfer (LCAT) rate has been determined. In relapse, the PA cases showed increased free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations but decreased concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), unesterified cholesterol (UC) and all examined phospholipid fractions. After treatment, FFA remained unchanged and TG decreased, while TC and possibly also UC and the phospholipid frations were in line with reference levels. After incubations, UC and phosphatidylcholine (PC) decreased and lysolecithin (LL) increased. FFA increased and TG decreased. Incubation of postheparin plasma resulted in an augmented decrease in TG and PC and increase in FFA and LL, In relapse, the changes on incubation were less pronounced than after treatment. The LCAT was low but within the normal range before treatment in the six cases examined. After treatment, LCAT rates increased but were still normal in relation to the plasma lipid concentrations. The study showed a decreased net esterification of cholesterol and LL formation on incubation of plasma in PA cases in relapse. This finding might be explained by the low concentration of plasma substrates for the LCAT reaction and phospholipases. After treatment the concentration of lipid substrates was restored to normal, with subsequent normal LL formation and cholesterol esterification. The observations could also explain the frequent lack of stabilization of erythrocytes suspended in plasma of PA after incubation, resulting in virtually the same ESR after as before this procedure. Due to low LL formation following the insufficient substrate availability for LCAT and phospholipase, the previously reported critical level of the LL concentration is not reached and cannot achieve its normal reduction of the ESR.

Anemia, Pernicious↗