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Biomedical subjects

L W Cox

Publications and source records attributed to L W Cox.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Neonatal body water turnover: a putative index of perinatal morbidity.

The water metabolism of 46 newborn babies was determined during a 10 day period by means of an isotope dilution technique, and correlations were sought with the clinical assessment of the babies by multiple obstetric and pediatric clinical criteria. The babies, 48 to 72 hours of age, were given a single oral dose (2 ml/kg) of deuterated water (D2O), a nonradioactive tracer, and the urinary excretion rate was followed by means of infrared spectrophotometry. After a period of equilibration of the D2O with body water (20 hours), the rate of D2O clearance was found to be a single exponential decay process, thus allowing the fraction of total body water lost each hour (the rate constant) to be calculated for each baby. The median values of the rate constants X 10(4)(h-1) for 14 growth-retarded babies ws 104 (98% confidence limits, 97.8 to 122) compared with 76.3 (67.0 to 80.2) for 16 normal mature babies and 82.1 (73.4 to 90.6) for 16 normal premature babies. These data indicate that, compared with normal mature or normal premature babies, growth-retarded infants have a significantly (P less than 0.05) faster turnover of water during the first 10 days of postnatal life. Since there was little overlap in results between the normally grown and the retarded infants, the measurement of water turnover may provide a useful index of perinatal morbidity.

Body Water↗
PubMed1981

Vietnamese refugees in Adelaide: an obstetric analysis.

An analysis is made of the pregnancies of all Vietnamese refugees who presented to the antenatal clinic at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, during the period from June, 1977, to January, 1980. This comprised 78 pregnancies in 76 women. Previous medical history, social status, antenatal and delivery complications and neonatal outcome are assessed, and differences between the study group and the non-Asian public patients, Which are discussed in detail, are demonstrated.

Australia↗
PubMed1981

Endocrine profiles and fertility status of human menstrual cycles of varying follicular phase length.

Assessment of the relationship between ovarian endocrine function and follicular phase length was made in 48 patients (51 cycles) with spontaneous ovular cycles of varying length. On the basis of follicular phase length when measured from the first day of menstruation to, and including, the day of the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak, cycles were grouped into short (less than 21 days), medium (12 to 16 days), and long (more than 6 days). Daily serum LH, androstenedione, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations were determined in the periovular period. The overall pattern of serum steroid concentrations in medium and long cycles was similar to that previously described for normal women. However, cycles with a short follicular phase had lower mean concentrations of androstenedione and estradiol. In order to assess the fertility potential of cycles with follicular phases of varying length, the prior 265 cycles of 92 consecutive patients who conceived with artificial insemination by donor (AID) were studied. In all cases, insemination occurred on day 0 and day + 1 with respect to the LH peak, and all cycles were assumed to have equal fertility potential. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in fertility potential among cycles with follicular phases of differing length.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Morphological and functional relations of Graafian follicle growth to ovulation in women using ultrasonic, laparoscopic and biochemical measurements.

The daily growth rates of ovarian follicles were recorded ultrasonically for five days until ovulation in 56 spontaneously ovulating women and related to endocrine and clinical parameters. Over the 5-day period, the average diameter of the follicle destined to ovulate increased from 12 to 23 mm, the second largest follicle from 6 to 12 mm, the third largest follicle from 5 to 9 mm and the fourth largest follicle from 4 to 8 mm. Similar but lesser growth rates occurred in the follicles in the contralateral ovary. Ovulation occurred within 24 hours of the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak, and the mean peak diameter of the ovulating follicle was 23.2 +/- 0.3 (SEM) mm, (range 18-29 mm) before ovulation, and subsequent luteal function was judged to be normal. Follicular growth was most closely correlated with increasing peripheral blood oestrogen levels. In 16 women who had a laparoscopy within 12 hours of the last ultrasound and following the LH peak, the mean diameter of the largest follicle as measured by ultrasound (23.6 +/- 0.4 mm) was similar to that measured at laparoscopy (22.8 +/- 0.04 mm) and estimated from the volume of follicular fluid aspirated (average 5.8 +/- 0.2 ml), 22.5 mm. The follicular fluid levels of progesterone were high on the day of the LH peak and blood progesterone levels had risen significantly indicating that luteinization of the dominant Graafian follicles had already occurred prior to ovulation. This study confirms that ultrasonic monitoring provides a reliable measure of follicular growth and allows studies correlating morphological changes with both normal and abnormal endocrine function of the human ovary.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Tubal patency testing in a programme of artificial insemination with donor semen.

The value of investigating tubal patency by hysterosalpingography, before artificial insemination with donor semen (AID), was studied retrospectively in 167 patients. The results suggest that unless there is a history of pelvic inflammatory disease preliminary hysterosalpinography is unnecessary. Conception rates were similar in women who had a normal hysterosalpingogram (44%), in those who had an abnormal hysterosalpingogram (46%), and in those who had no preliminary tubal investigation (39%) before AID. Life table analysis of expectancy of conception suggests that tubal patency testing should be delayed until after AID has been unsuccessful for four cycles. Laparoscopy is then the most worthwhile investigation.

Fallopian Tube Patency Tests↗
PubMed1981

Human luteal phase function following oocyte aspiration from the immediately preovular graafian follicle of spontaneous ovular cycles.

Human luteal phase function as evaluated by peripheral venous blood steroid levels does not appear to be impaired following the aspiration of follicular fluid together with a cumulus enclosed oocyte and a number of granulosal cells from the immediate preovular follicle in women having otherwise spontaneous ovular cycles. The day to day levels of luteinising hormone, oestradiol-17 beta, 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone, progesterone and basal temperatures in 14 women who had their preovular follicle aspirated were compared with a control group of 28 spontaneously ovulating women. It was concluded that a carefully performed single aspiration of the contents of a preovular follicle, for the purpose of extra-corporeal fertilisation of the mature oocyte, did not lead to impaired steroid function of the subsequent corpus luteum, although the prolactin levels were increased due to the effects of the relaxant anaesthetic and/or the laparoscopic procedure. A safe and simple laparoscopic procedure is also described, which is particularly suitable for women with a likelihood of extensive pelvic adhesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Predicting the luteinizing hormone surge: relationship between the duration of the follicular and luteal phases and the length of the human menstrual cycle.

Determination of blood serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) are used to detect the day of the midcycle surge. This information, collected over several menstrual cycles of numerous women, is used to derive mathematical expressions relating the day of the surge to the length of the cycle. The equations are subsequently employed to predict the most likely day of the LH surge, and hence the time of ovulation, solely from knowledge of the average length and variability of a woman's cycles, without the need for determinations of LH. A convenient table is provided for making this prediction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prognostic aspects of endometrial carcinoma.

A retrospective analysis of 91 patients with endometrial carcinoma is presented with emphasis on important factors in relation to survival. Patients with Stage 1 carcinoma were treated with a standardized mode of preoperative radiation and extended abdominal hysterectomy. An 87.1% 5-year survival rate was obtained for patients with well differentiated lesions, with only 1 patient developing a vault metastasis. The assessment of residual tumour after intracavity radiotherapy proved reliable in predicting prognosis and should prove of benefit in directing additional therapy for endometrial carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Perinatal mortality in South Australia.

A study of the recorded causes of perinatal mortality has been made in South Australia for the years 1970 to 1973. The overall perinatal mortality was 22.16 per 1,000 births. Higher mortality was observed in babies of women resident outside the metropolitan area, of those aged under 20 and over 35 years, and of those not currently married. The most frequent causes of perinatal mortality were prematurity, placental insufficiency, congenital anomalies, maternal disorders and haemorrhage, in that order. Multiple pregnancy had a high perinatal mortality. Better recording systems with record linkage are required.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

The work load and distribution of obstetricians and gynaecologists.

A questionnaire to members of the College was returned, completed, by over half the members. It appears that very heavy work loads are carried by many members, and 44% of those in private practice consider themselves overworked. The opinion of 18% of the respondents is that too few specialists are being trained, and 61% of them said that too few general practitioner obstetricians are being trained. Eighty per cent believe that specialists and trained practitioners should practise obstetrics. Recertification is thought desirable by 79%, and continuing education by every respondent.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗