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Biomedical subjects

L Traissac

Publications and source records attributed to L Traissac.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Uvular edema. Diagnostic, etiologic and therapeutic management].

Acute oedema of the uvula is relatively rare, and often idiopathic. None the less, possible causes should be excluded, such as allergy, infection, trauma or mechanical. Hereditary angioneurotic oedema should be excluded when there are identical recurrent episodes. Although three of our patients had a recent herpetic viral infection, it does not seem likely that this was the cause. Treatment consists mainly or antihistamines, steroids, antibiotics, or specific treatment for hereditary angioneurotic oedema. The clinician must always bear in mind the potential seriousness or this condition as a cause of obstruction of the upper airway. In the light of four recent cases, the authors discuss the diagnosis, cause and treatment of this particular condition.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Anatomical study of the thyroid foramen in human larynx: a study of 100 dissections].

The foramen thyroideum was systematically studied on the specimen of larynx of 50 fresh corpses. Among the one hundred dissections performed, the foramen thyroideum was noted only in one specimen (2 foramen). It was symmetrical not only in the position but also in the diameter. In both of these cases, the foramen thyroideum always contains few vessels and nerves. It's possible physiological role and the origin of the contents of the foramen thyroideum are discussed based on the research literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Nasal washing with Physiomer ... 10 years later: 1988-1998].

The authors present the story of Physiomer. It began in 1988 in Goemar's 'Laboratory of the Sea', with an original idea of making a product manufactured from sea water and transforming it into an isotonic solution, while preserving all the elements of natural sea water, specially the trace elements and the alkaline PH. Scientific analysis has shown that the chemical composition of the product is true to the original, and that it has a positive action on cellular growth in respiratory tract mucosa in experimental culture, and it is very well tolerated. Clinical tests using nasal washings have confirmed beneficial action on the nasal and sinus mucosa in medical disease and after surgery. Tests have been carried out on 410 cases, 344 of which were treated with Physiomer, and on 199 cases after surgery on the nose or sinuses. Physiomer nasal washings have proved their value. It now remains for all the potential qualities of sea water to be demonstrated, using other preparations or other combinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Laryngomucocele as an unusual late complication of subtotal laryngectomy. Case report.

We report an unusual case of laryngomucocele occurring after subtotal laryngectomy. Laryngoceles generally have a congenital origin in a long-preexisting saccule, and their association with laryngeal carcinoma is well known. Laryngocele is usually favored by the increase of intraglottic pressure caused by the laryngeal carcinoma. However, an iatrogenic secondary laryngomucocele occurring after a surgical procedure is uncommon. We report in detail the physiopathologic conditions leading to the creation of this lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Comparative intensity-pressure study of patients with a voice prosthesis].

We have studied the qualities of the voice of the laryngectomized patients and theirs possibilities to modify the intensity depending to the pressure. During the measurement, it was necessary to explain to the patient how to use the material and it was an opportunity to help him in the way to product a voice prosthesis. Most of the patients produced a higher intensity with a higher pressure. However, some of them obtained high pressures without producing a voice. These patients modified the use of the prosthesis or could have an oedema for example. In conclusion, these measurements show that there is a relation between intensity and pressure but not absolutely in relation with a better voice quality.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Otolaryngological manifestations of sarcoidosis. Report of 10 cases and review of the literature].

Sarcoidosis is a systemic chronic granulomatous condition of unknown aetiology. Although the mediastino-pulmonary type is the commonest, the condition may affect the head and neck in a significant number of cases, obliging the practising ENT surgeon to be familiar with the condition. The diagnosis is made by a combination of clinical, biochemical, radiological and histopathological features. We present 10 cases of sarcoidosis with exclusively cervico-facial features which have passed through the department between 1985 and 1996, including a typical nasal case with combined features, and a very rare pharyngeal case. The definitive diagnosis, always with histological confirmation, was sometimes made only after some delay, demonstrating the polymorphic nature of the clinical features, which are rarely pathognomonic. Special investigations, carried out virtually routinely once the diagnosis of ENT sarcoidosis was made, demonstrated only one case of associated pulmonary disease. Treatment was reserved for the symptomatic cases (4 out of 10), and consisted of systemic steroids whose dose and duration was determined by the clinical response.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A prospective study of ENT complication following surgery of the cervical spine by the anterior approach (preliminary results)].

In order to evaluate complications due to cervical spine surgery using the anterior cervical approach a prospective study was conducted on 125 patients. ENT examination with the fibroscope was employed for all the patients before the procedure. The patients were operated on under general anesthesia and were intubated with an armoured tube, and then were placed in an intensive care unit for 24 hours. Assessment of deglutition and an ENT examination were performed the day after surgery. Before surgery, two cases of vocal cord paralysis were noted. 111 patients (88.8%) presented with subjective disorders: problems such as sore throat, odynophagia, dysphagia, dysphagia with overspill and hoarseness were respectively noted in 55 (44%), 34 (27.2%), 32 (25.6%), 11 (8.8%) and 13 (10.4%) cases. Dyspnoea was found in 2 cases (1.6%). 117 patients (93.6%) presented postoperative anomalies which were found on the posterolateral pharyngeal wall, on the arytenoids and on posterior third of the vocal cords. Inflammatory and/or swollen lesions were slight, moderate, significant or very significant in respectively 22.4%, 22.4%, 15.2% and 1.6% of cases. Very significant circumferential swelling of the pharyngeal wall and of the arytenoids was responsible for two cases of respiratory distress, and the patients required reintubation and return to theatre. Severe pharyngeal lesion correlated with duration of surgery (r = 0.20; p < 0.05), with the number levels of fusion (r = 0.02; p < 0.02) and with the age of the patient (p < 0.02). Six patients presented problems of mobility of the vocal cords: 3 had a right vocal cord paresis which was temporary and 3 had paralysis, also on the right but which persisted. There were no other complications. It is concluded that (i) ENT complications are frequently found in postoperative cervical spine surgery using the anterior cervical approach, some of them being severe. An ENT examination must be performed before the procedure for legal reasons. It is also recommended in the postoperative period in the case of discomfort; (ii) patients need to be placed in an intensive care unit during for the first 24 hours (iii). This study needs to be attended over more patients (iv) comparison with a control group of patients having non cervical surgery and intubated in the same way is needed to differentiate lesions related to surgery or intubation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Primitive pharyngeal dyskinesia associated with upper airway collapse in an infant.

We report a case of total collapse of the upper pharyngeal airway in a slightly premature baby, resulting in a noisy breathing disorder. Primary immaturity of the central nervous system contributing to pharyngeal muscle hypotonia has been implicated in association with the increase in nasal pressure. The infant experienced complete resolution of symptoms a few weeks after the placement of a nasopharyngeal tube. This case report demonstrates the difficulty in diagnosis and management. The developmental spectrum and exploration are reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Horizontal glottectomy: functional and oncological results.

The authors report on their experience with 25 cases of horizontal glottectomy and discuss the functional and oncological results of this operation. Indications for this procedure are T1a and T1b glottic carcinomas. The overall three-year and five-year survival was respectively 94 and 88 per cent. Distant metastasis appears to be the major long-term failure, three patients dying of lung carcinoma. Short functional rehabilitation was observed in all cases. Decannulation was achieved in 100 per cent of the cases and none of our patients had laryngeal stenosis. The average time of removal of the nasogastric tube was 11.8 days. Because of its high local control and reduced functional after effects, horizontal glottectomy appears to be a reliable and safe procedure for limited glottic carcinomas and must be included in their therapeutic management.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Is laryngeal papillomatosis always juvenile?].

After recording an increased frequency of adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, the authors propose a multicentric investigation. The aim of the investigation is to determinate the frequency of the new cases and their clinical form. The preliminary results confirm the increased frequency of the adult-onset form and show the possibility of a clinical form change.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Laryngeal tuberculosis: a diagnosis not to be forgotten].

Tuberculosis of the larynx has become a rarity since the discovery of streptomycin in 1944. In this article a personal case history is described, together with a review of the literature and an analysis of the main clinical features of tuberculosis of the larynx. The pseudo-tumoural form of tuberculosis is often indicative of the presence of pulmonary tuberculosis, but may also occur in isolation. Histology is often the only definitive diagnostic test.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Primitive extracranial meningioma: a case report of intratemporal and naso-sinusal localization].

The authors report on the rare extracranial locations regarding a case of infratemporal fossa and paranasal sinus meningioma. These tumours formulate pathogenic questions, the hypothesis of which are exposed. Diagnosis gets difficult because of the atypical location of these meningiomas. Computerized tomography scan is the examination of choice for assessing the extension of these lesions. The only treatment is surgical.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Syncopal neuralgia of the glossopharyngeal nerve caused by tumoral invasiveness. Therapeutic management. Apropos of 2 cases].

Cases of glossopharyngeal neuralgia are relatively rare, and are occasionally secondary to an upper cervical carcinomatous invasion. The combination with syncopal episodes suggests the creation of a reflex pathway between the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve by connections between the bulbar nuclei. The fact that the syncopal episode is systematically preceded by a neuralgic crisis enables its differentiation from other active vasomotor phenomena. Treatment is based essentially on pain-killers and occasionally, in the event of escape, by a neurosurgical resection of the root of the glossopharyngeal nerve and of the upper part of the vagus nerve. In the light of two recent cases, the authors recall the therapeutic management and the physiopathological mechanism of this particular form of neuralgia.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1996

[Chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx: apropos of 4 cases].

Chondroma and laryngeal chondrosarcomas, tumours of variable malignancy, are rare but a source of concern given their location and the surgery involved. Their anatomical limits and classification are still difficult, to the extent that the diagnosis of chondroma is often questioned. Of the four cases reported, two presented a high degree of malignancy, including one with metastasis. Two required a total laryngectomy, and two a partial laryngectomy with a costal cartilage graft in one case.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomy: 15 years' experience with phonation implant].

Progress in voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy is probably the most significative event of the last 15 years. The first to realise this procedure in France, the authors describe the state of the art in this field with a study of 160 cases. The results are in the main very positive with approximately 85% of success with all rehabilitation technics used currently. The future is establishing total functional rehabilitation of the larynx with new techniques researched specially in Europe with several groups : GREL, EGFL, BIOMED I program of Europe "Artificial Larynx" and so on... The work goes on and we shall see whether the next 15 years will be as satisfying as the last 15 years.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[External injuries of the larynx in the adult: apropos of a case].

Reporting one case of negliged laryngeal traumatism, the authors expose their laryngeal injuries attitude. They detail admitted classification and propose a management which is based on initial respiratory functions. In view of the case, as extreme situation, laryngeal subtotal surgery was the better management, because of association with polytraumatism, which not permitted earlier treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Value and role of electromyography in the assessment and prognosis of disorders of laryngeal mobility].

Although it was described many years ago, laryngeal electromyography is of limited use. It can easily be performed in the doctor's surgery by the intercrico-thyroid approach. The author reports on 70 examinations, 64 for mobility disorders, 6 for abnormal spasmodic movements. 15 normal plots made it possible to correct a faulty diagnosis of palsy. The prognostic contribution is not so clear-cut and must take account of the clinical circumstances and the time elapsed before examination. EMG must be performed systematically before any irreversible therapeutic decision.

Electromyography↗