VIP was given intravenously over 1 min at the doses 0.1 and 0.2 micrograms X kg X min-1 to twenty-one anesthetized patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Intra-arterial blood pressure was monitored and various blood flows were measured simultaneously by electromagnetic technique. Following VIP, intra-arterial blood pressure was decreased. The blood flows were increased in the gastroduodenal-, and the left gastric arteries. The flow in the hepatic artery proper was increased only following the 0.2 micrograms dose. The flow in the superior mesenteric artery varied considerably inter-individually. In branches supplying only the small intestine, it seemed to be unaffected. The flow in the splenic artery was decreased in normal-sized spleens, but unaffected in enlarged spleens. The flow in the external iliac artery initially decreased and thereafter increased. Changes in vascular resistances showed that VIP acted as a vasodilator in the splanchnic region except in the superior mesenteric vasculature, where it was ineffective. In normal spleens it was a vasoconstrictor. In the external iliac artery, an initial insignificant vasoconstriction was followed by vasodilation. It seemed that VIP acts directly on the vessels and has a specific pattern of vasoactivity of probable physiological significance.

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The effect of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin preparations on hepatic bile output in fasting and digesting dogs.

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Animals↗

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Reduction of hepatic arterial flow by degradable microspheres in patients with liver tumor.

Ten patients with primary or secondary liver tumor were subjected to preoperative angiographic mapping of the hepatic circulation, combined with infusion of microspheres (Spherex Infusion). During laparotomy, 22 electromagnetic measurements of hepatic arterial flow were made and 2-40 ml of microspheres were infused at a rate of 2-16 ml per min over 1-4 min. Liver biopsies were taken. Hepatic arterial flow was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by a mean maximum of 67% following 8 ml at a rate of 2 ml per min. The reduction had a mean maximum duration of 10.4 min from end of infusion. At microscopy of liver specimens taken during maximum flow reduction, microspheres under degradation were seen. Angiography was of very limited value for estimating flow reduction. One patient experienced severe side-effects due to shunting. It appears rational to use microspheres together with cytostatics, provided that these are incorporated into hepatic tumor cells during a five min reduction by 50% of hepatic arterial blood flow.

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