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Biomedical subjects

L Thulin

Publications and source records attributed to L Thulin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of somatostatin on regional splanchnic blood flows in man. Angiographic studies.

The effect of somatostatin (1 microgram/kg b.w. i.v. over one minute) on regional splanchnic blood flows was studied in nine patients subjected to diagnostic angiography of the coeliac artery, the superior mesenteric artery or the aorta. Following somatostatin there was a prolongation of the circulation times and a marked constriction of the hepatic and splenic vascular beds corresponding to a 50% decrease in blood flow. Blood flow in the gastroduodenal, pancreatic, superior mesenteric and renal arteries was also decreased, but to a lesser extent. There was no effect on the lumbar arterial flow. The time for maximum filling of the portal vein was delayed and the contrasting effect in this vessel was decreased, indicating a decrease in portal flow. It is concluded that somatostatin reduces splanchnic blood flow in unanaesthetized man, while there is no decrease in skeletal muscle blood flow. It is suggested that this effect of somatostatin is due to a direct action on vascular receptor sites.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

Internal carotid artery blood flow during the Valsalva manoeuvre in man.

In five patients subjected to reconstructive surgery of the internal carotid artery (ICA), postoperative measurements of the ICA blood flow during the Valsalva manoeuvre were obtained by means of an implanted electromagnetic flow probe. ICA blood flow varied rapidly and parallel to the changes in calculated cerebral perfusion pressure during the Valsalva manoeuvre. At the end of the manoeuvre there was no overshoot in arterial pressure, indicating poor baroreceptor function in these patients.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1980

Rational treatment of hypotension after carotid endarterectomy by carotid sinus nerve blockade.

Intraarterial blood pressure was monitored continuously for the first 24 postoperative hours in twenty consecutive patients subjected to carotid endarterectomy. Ten patients developed postoperative hypotension not attributable to hypovolaemia, depressant drugs, myocardial impairment or arrythmias. The postoperative hypotension was readily reversed by local blockade of the sinus nerve on the operated side. This blockade was accomplished by the injection of 2 ml of Lignocain (1%) through a catheter placed with its tip in the vicinity of the sinus nerve at the carotid bifurcation. It is concluded that the postoperative hypotension is due to increased activity in the sinus nerve and that this hypotension should rationally be treated by carotid sinus nerve blockade.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1980

Effect of carotid endarterectomy on baroreflex sensitivity in man. Intraoperative studies.

In six patients subjected to carotid reconstructive surgery, the reflex effect on systemic pressure of unilateral carotid artery occlusion was studied before and after endarterectomy. Before endarterectomy, carotid occlusion lowered carotid sinus pressure by 45 mmHg evoking a reflex increase in systemic pressure of 12 mmHg. After endarterectomy the corresponding values were 34 mmHg and 19 mmHg. The closed loop gain of the carotid sinus reflex, calculated as the ratio of change in arterial pressure to change in carotid sinus pressure was therefore increased from 0,27 before endarterectomy to 0,56 after endarterectomy. It is concluded that carotid endarterectomy improves carotid sinus baroreflex sensitivity ant that the carotid sinus nerve should therefore be preserved whenever possible.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1980

Accidental drainage of ovarian cyst into superior vena cava.

A case of pulmonary edema and anuria with fatal outcome after insertion of a LeVeen peritoneovenous shunt is reported. It was proved at autopsy that the shunt was draining a voluminous ovarian cystic carcinoma into the superior vena cava. Abdominal ultrasound scanning is recommended in patients selected for shunt surgery to avoid this complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The effects of changes in the carotid sinus baroreceptor activity on splanchnic blood flow in anesthetized man.

In 9 patients being subjected to abdominal surgery, electromagnetic blood flow measurements were obtained from the hepatic, mesenteric and iliac beds while the carotid sinus baroreceptors were stimulated by carotid sinus massage. Carotid sinus stimulation produced an average maximum decrease in mean arterial pressure of 21%. Hepatic and mesenteric blood flows decreased by 15% and calculated vascular resistances were not significantly changed in these vascular beds. Iliac blood flow, on the other hand, showed a slight increase and iliac vascular resistance was decreased by 29%. It is concluded that the splanchnic vascular bed is of less importance in the carotid sinus baroreflex control of systemic arterial pressure in anesthetized man.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Effect of substance P on CCK- or VIP-induced choleresis in anesthetized dogs.

10 anesthetized dogs were provided with acute common bile duct fistulas and the gallbladder was excluded. Hepatic bile output and biliary content of sodium, potassium and amylase were studied. 6 caval infusions were administered of CCK, 0.3 Ivy U.kg-1.min-1, with a superimposed infusion of SP, 20 ng.kg-1.min-1. 7 caval infusions were given of VIP, 50 ng.kg-1.min-1, with a superimposed infusion of SP, 20 ng. kg-1.min-1. CCK increased bile output and biliary content of sodium, potassium and amylase by 78-110%. The corresponding increase induced by VIP was 55-85%. Biliary pH was not influenced. SP abolished the effects of both CCK and VIP. It is suggested that all peptides studied influenced canalicular bile secretion by changing the electrolyte excretion.

Amylases↗
PubMed1979

Circulatory effects of somatostatin in anesthetized man.

The effect of intravenous somatostatin (1 microgram.kg-1 over 1 min) on arterial pressure and on the blood flow to various splanchnic organs, skeletal muscle and brain tissue was studied by means of electromagnetic blood flow measurements in patients undergoing abdominal surgery or reconstructive surgery of the internal carotid artery. Somatostatin infusion reduced the blood flow in the common hepatic artery by 56%, in the splenic artery by 26%, in the ileocolic artery by 34% and in the left colic artery by 36%. External iliac artery blood flow was increased by 43% while internal carotid artery blood flow was unchanged. Mean arterial pressure was increased by 20%. It is suggested that these circulatory effects of somatostatin are due to a direct effect of somatostatin on vascular smooth muscle.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices with somatostatin.

Cyclic somatostatin was administered intravenously on eight occasions to five consecutive patients with massive haemalemesis due to oesophageal varices. The doses administered with 0--250 micrograms as bolus, followed by 100--250 micrograms per hr during 2--12 hrs. The source of bleeding was determined by endoscopy. The volume of bleeding was estimated from the clinical condition of the patient and by gastric irrigation and iced water. The bleeding stopped immediately on all occasions when somatostatin was administered. It is suggested that the effect is due to the ability of somatostatin to reduce regional splanchnic blood flows and portal pressure.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Circulatory effects of somatostatin in anaesthetized dogs.

Five anaesthetized dogs were given 20 infusions of 1--9 min duration of somatostatin in a dosage of 0.2--15 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution. Electromagnetic blood flow measurements were simultaneously performed in the hepatic artery proper, the left gastric artery, the superior pancreatico-duodenal artery, the superior mesenteric artery and in the portal vein. Mean arterial blood pressure was recorded continuously. Somatostatin reduced all splanchnic blood flows measured by 15--35%, except for the hepatic artery flow, which was increased by 5% or unaffected. Cardiac output and mean arterial pressure were unchanged. Somatostatin was thus demonstrated to exert a specific vasoactivity in the splanchnic area without influencing central circulation. It is suggested that somatostatin acts directly on the vascular smooth muscle.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Anticholeretic effect of substance P in anesthetized dogs.

Nine anesthetized dogs were provided with acute common duct fistulas after exclusion of the gallbladder. Synthetic Substance P was administered as caval infusions in a dosage of 0.5-20 ng x kg-1 x min-1, duration 10 min. The output of hepatic bile, sodium and amylase decreased during infusion by 40-52 per cent at the highest doses. After termination of infusion all 3 parameters increased by 19-60 per cent above the basal level. The biliary concentration of sodium was constant, while that of amylase increased during infusion. The responses were dose-related. The anticholeresis induced by substance P might be due to inhibition of the canalicular bile fraction, which presumably is mediated by active sodium transport and independent of bile salt excretion.

Amylases↗
PubMed1978

Anticholeretic effect of somatostatin in anesthetized dogs.

Somatostatin, 0.2-1.0 microgram . kg-1 . min-1, was administered i.v. in 5 anesthetized dogs. Following 9-min infusions, hepatic bile output was found to decrease by approximately 50% after a latency of 6 min. The mode of action suggests that somatostatin inhibits hormone-induced bile output.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of synthetic substance P on internal carotid artery blood flow in man.

Internal carotid artery blood flow was studied by peroperative electromagnetic blood flow measurement in 7 patients following 9 intravenous infusions of synthetic Substance P, 2 ng.kg-1.min-1. The blood flow responses varied interindividually. No significant blood flow changes were observed for the whole group. The arterial mean blood pressure decreased significantly.

Aged↗