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Biomedical subjects

L Teppo

Publications and source records attributed to L Teppo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Increased risk of cancer in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

To evaluate the risk of cancer in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) a series of 205 consecutive patients (182 women and 23 men) were followed up for cancer through the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry. The follow up consisted of a total of 2340 person years. Fifteen cancers were diagnosed against 5.7 expected (relative risk (RR) 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5 to 4.4). Among the women there were four non-Hodgkin's lymphomas against 0.09 expected (RR 44, CI 11.9 to 111) and two soft tissue sarcomas against 0.04 expected (RR 49, CI 6.0 to 177). When evaluated by a case control study previous treatment with cytostatic drugs showed no influence on the occurrence of cancer in this series of patients with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Leanness and lung-cancer risk.

Body mass index (weight/height2) was studied for its prediction of lung cancer in Finnish men examined by the Social Insurance Institution's Mobile Clinic and followed up by the Finnish Cancer Registry. Among 25,994 participants aged 20 to 75 years and free from cancer at the start of the study, 504 lung-cancer cases were diagnosed during a maximum follow-up of 19 years. There was a significant inverse gradient between body mass index and the incidence of lung cancer. This association was not due to confounding by age, smoking, social class, self-perceived general health, history of stress symptoms, chronic cough or chest X-ray findings, although these factors correlated with body mass index and were also significantly predictive of lung cancer. After adjustment for these factors, the relative risks of lung cancer were 1.0, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.8 (p for trend less than 0.001) from the highest to the lowest quartiles of body mass index. The association was noted among current smokers, but it was most obvious among men who had never smoked, the relative risk of lung cancer between the lowest and highest quartiles of body mass index being 7.6 (95% confidence interval = 2.0 to 29.4). The inverse gradient persisted throughout the entire follow-up period, and was most distinct after the first 10 years of follow-up, the relative risks for the quartiles of body mass index being 1.0, 1.9, 2.3 and 2.6 (p less than 0.001). The present study shows that the thinner the man, the more liable he is to develop lung cancer. Leanness or some factor or cluster of factors closely correlated to it, may play an aetiological role in lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dietary antioxidants and the risk of lung cancer.

The relation between the intake of retinoids, carotenoids, vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium and the subsequent risk of lung cancer was studied among 4,538 initially cancer-free Finnish men aged 20-69 years. During a follow-up of 20 years beginning in 1966-1972, 117 lung cancer cases were diagnosed. Inverse gradients were observed between the intake of carotenoids, vitamin E, and vitamin C and the incidence of lung cancer among nonsmokers, for whom the age-adjusted relative risks of lung cancer in the lowest tertile of intake compared with that in the highest tertile were 2.5 (p value for trend = 0.04), 3.1 (p = 0.12), and 3.1 (p less than 0.01) for the three intakes, respectively. Adjustment for various potential confounding factors did not materially alter the results, and the associations did not seem to be due to preclinical cancer. In the total cohort, there was an inverse association between intake of margarine and fruits and risk of lung cancer. The relative risk of lung cancer for the lowest compared with the highest tertile of margarine intake was 4.0 (p less than 0.001), and that for fruits was 1.8 (p = 0.01). These associations persisted after adjustment for the micronutrient intakes and were stronger among nonsmokers. The results suggest that carotenoids, vitamin E, and vitamin C may be protective against lung cancer among nonsmokers. Food sources rich in these micronutrients may also have other constituents with independent protective effects against lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Serum micronutrients and risk of cancers of low incidence in Finland.

The associations between serum alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, retinol, retinol-binding protein, and selenium levels and the subsequent occurrence of different cancers of low incidence were investigated in a nested case-control study of 39,268 men and women participating in the Social Insurance Institution's Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey in Finland. During follow-up from the baseline in 1968-1972 to the end of 1977, a total of 115 cancers of the lip, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, kidney, urinary bladder, brain, and skin were reported to the nationwide Finnish Cancer Registry. Alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, retinol, retinol-binding protein, and selenium concentrations were determined from stored serum samples collected from these cancer cases and matched controls at baseline. Several sites indicated an elevated risk of cancer at low levels of the serum variables, although only a few of these associations were statistically significant. Only melanoma patients had significantly lower serum alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene levels than corresponding controls. Since the numbers of cancer cases were small, no firm conclusions can be drawn from these results until they have been confirmed in studies based on larger cohorts or on pooled data from several small samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of various treatments for carcinoma of the mandibular region.

Cancers of the mandibular region show the lowest survival rates of all oral cancers. In order to compare the effect of five different modes of treatment (including surgery and/or radiotherapy), a series of 159 patients was analysed. When adjustments were made for age, sex and tumour stage in a log-linear multivariate analysis, no differences between treatments in the 5-year relative survival rates (RSR) could be demonstrated for stage I and II tumours. In stage III and IV tumours, radiation treatment alone resulted in poor survival. Between the other four treatments, all including surgery, no statistically significant differences in the 5-year relative survival rates were found. Radiation therapy as an element in combination therapy may have postponed a recurrence but did not affect the 5-year survival rate. For advanced tumours, mostly responsible for the low overall 5-year RSR, higher survival rates can possibly be achieved by improving surgical treatment of the primary lesion and the neck. At present, however, only earlier diagnosis might significantly increase the survival rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dietary cholesterol, fatty acids, and the risk of lung cancer among men.

The relation between dietary cholesterol and fatty acids and the incidence of lung cancer was studied among 4,538 Finnish men aged 20-69 years and initially free of cancer. During 20 years of follow-up, 117 lung cancer cases were diagnosed. Cholesterol intake was not associated with lung cancer risk, the age-, smoking-, and energy-adjusted relative risk between the lowest and highest tertiles being 1.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.6-1.9]. The intake of saturated fatty acids was nonsignificantly related with lung cancer incidence, the relative risk for the lowest compared with the highest tertile being 1.6 (CI = 0.8-3.2). The association was stronger among smokers than among nonsmokers, the relative risks being 2.1 (CI = 1.0-4.3) and 1.3 (CI = 0.4-4.1), respectively. The relative risk among smokers, however, decreased to 1.5 after adjustment for the amount they smoked. In the total cohort, there was a significantly elevated risk of lung cancer among men with a high intake of butter, one of the main sources of saturated fatty acids, the relative risk being 1.9 (CI = 1.1-3.2). The present data do not confirm previous results suggesting that dietary cholesterol predicts the occurrence of lung cancer among men. The association between intake of saturated fatty acids and lung cancer observed in the present study may be partly due to heavy smoking among high consumers of saturated fat.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Vitamin E and cancer prevention.

Some animal experiments and human studies suggest that vitamin E may protect against cancer. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentration was studied for its prediction of cancer in a cohort of 36,265 adults in Finland. During a mean follow-up of 8 y, cancer was diagnosed in 766 persons. The levels of serum alpha-tocopherol were determined from stored serum samples (at -20 degrees C) taken from these cancer patients and from 1419 matched control subjects. Individuals with a low level of alpha-tocopherol had about a 1.5-fold risk of cancer compared with those with a higher level. The strength of the association between serum alpha-tocopherol level and cancer risk varied for different cancer sites and was strongest for some gastrointestinal cancers and for the combined group of cancers unrelated to smoking. The association was strongest among nonsmoking men and among women with low levels of serum selenium. The findings agree with the hypothesis that dietary vitamin E in some circumstances protects against cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Serum selenium and subsequent risk of cancer among Finnish men and women.

The association between the serum selenium level and the subsequent incidence of cancer was investigated in a longitudinal study of 39,268 men and women participating in the Social Insurance Institution's Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey in Finland. The baseline examinations, including the collection of blood samples, were performed in 1968-1972. During a median follow-up of 10 years, 1,096 new cancer cases were identified from the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry. Selenium concentrations were measured from the stored serum samples collected from these cancer cases and from two controls per case, matched for sex, municipality, and age. The mean serum selenium level was 59.1 micrograms/L among all male cancer cases and 62.5 micrograms/L among controls. The difference was statistically significant (P less than .001). Corresponding values among women were 63.6 and 63.9 micrograms/L, respectively. Low serum selenium levels were associated with an increased risk of developing cancer at several sites, especially cancers of the stomach and lung among men. The relative risk of lung cancer between the highest and lowest decile of serum selenium was 0.11, and it differed significantly from unity (P less than .001). These findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that low selenium intake may increase the risk of some cancers among men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Dietary fat and risk of breast cancer.

The relationship between dietary fat and subsequent risk of breast cancer was studied in 3988 initially cancer-free Finnish women aged 20-69 y. During a follow-up period of 20 y, 54 breast-cancer cases were diagnosed. Risk of breast cancer was significantly inversely related to energy intake and nonsignificantly inversely related to absolute fat intake. A positive association between energy-adjusted total fat intake and occurrence of breast cancer was also observed. The relative risk in the highest tertile as compared with the lowest tertile was 1.7 (95% confidence limits 0.6-4.8). The corresponding relative risks were 1.4 (0.5-3.7) for saturated fatty acids, 2.7 (1.0-7.4) for monounsaturated fatty acids, 1.2 (0.6-2.8) for polyunsaturated fatty acids, and 2.2 (1.0-5.0) for cholesterol intake. Adjustment for different potential confounding factors did not alter the results. The present data suggest that breast cancer is associated inversely with energy intake and weakly positively with energy-adjusted fat intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Serum vitamin A and subsequent risk of cancer: cancer incidence follow-up of the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey.

From 1968 to 1977, the association between the level of vitamin A in serum and the subsequent incidence of cancer was examined in a longitudinal study of 36,265 persons initially aged 15-99 years in 25 population groups in Finland. During a mean follow-up of 8 years, 766 cancers were diagnosed. Serum retinol, retinol-binding protein, and beta-carotene levels were measured from frozen serum samples (stored at -20 degrees C) drawn from these persons before the start of follow-up and from 1,419 controls matched for sex, age, and place of residence who did not develop cancer during follow-up. The mean level of serum retinol among the cancer cases was 645 micrograms/liter for men and 587 micrograms/liter for women. The corresponding levels in the controls were 3.3% and 2.8% higher. There was an inverse gradient between serum retinol level and the occurrence of cancer among men. This association was, however, mainly concentrated in the first 2 years of follow-up. The mean level of serum beta-carotene was 72.3 micrograms/liter among male cases and 119.5 micrograms/liter among female cases. The corresponding levels of the controls were 14.0% and 5.5% higher. The differences were particularly clear with regard to lung cancer. These findings suggest that the association between retinol and cancer may be due to preclinical cancer and that there may be an association between beta-carotene and cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Cancer risk among glass factory workers: an excess of lung cancer?

A total of 3749 workers employed for at least three months in two Finnish glass factories (cohorts A and B) were followed up for cancer in 1953-86 through the Finnish Cancer Registry. In cohort A (1353 men, 1261 women), 106 primary cancers were diagnosed among men, and their standardised incidence ratio (SIR) for all cancers was 99. Among women the risk was low (65 cases, SIR 64). In cohort B (450 men, 685 women), the relative risk of cancer was close to unity for both men (57 cases) and women (75 cases). The risk of cancer was analysed by primary site, type of work, years since first exposure, and age at diagnosis. The only significantly increased risks were those of lung cancer among men (SIR 130, 95% CI 100-167, cohorts A and B combined), and skin cancer among glass blowers (SIR 625, 95% CI 129-1827). An increased risk of lung, stomach, and colon cancer as well as of brain tumours has been reported in previous studies. It is postulated that the excess risk of lung cancer, detected in this study, can also be accounted for by lifestyle, and not only by possible occupational exposures, because a similar excess risk of lung cancer has been found previously for all industrial workers in Finland. Although the risk of stomach cancer in this study was increased among glass blowers, it was not high in the largest groups of plain glass workers. The risks of tumours of the central nervous system and colon were not increased either.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1990

Cancer risk among health care personnel in Finland, 1971-1980.

Standardized incidence ratios were calculated for the assessment of cancer risk among Finnish health care personnel in 1971-1980. The overall relative cancer risk among the men was low when compared with that of all economically active men, mainly due to the low relative risk of lung cancer. The cancer risk of female health care personnel was increased when compared with that of all economically active women. The relative risk of breast cancer among registered nurses was high, being twice that of practical nurses, who had an average risk. In contrast, the risk of lymphomas, leukemia, and primary liver carcinoma was low among registered nurses and high among practical nurses. Although specific occupational exposures could not be assessed, the results did not imply any alarming major hazards related to health care work itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Lack of serum antibodies to the major HSV-2 specified DNA-binding protein before diagnosis of cervical neoplasia.

We report results based on a prospective case-control study within a cohort obtained by linking the Finnish Social Insurance Institutions Mobile Clinic Survey Registry and the Finnish Cancer Registry. The overall prevalence of herpes virus early antigen (ICSP 11/12) antibodies was similar in controls and in cervical neoplasia cases (consisting of invasive cervical carcinoma, ICC, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia group III, CIN III cases). However, those CIN III cases, who after a long lag period (average 7 years after the blood sample was drawn) developed cervical neoplasia, had significantly lower antibody levels than did matched controls. Their ICSP 11/12 antibody levels became higher the shorter the lag period. The negative correlation between the ICSP 11/12 antibody levels and the lag period was most pronounced in the HSV-2 seropositive CIN III cases. In an analysis of cross-sectional case-control material from the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tampere University Central Hospital, the patients with ICC had the highest ICSP 11/12 antibody levels. Statistically significant differences between cases and controls were not found. We conclude that in cervical neoplasia the kinetics of ICSP 11/12 antibody levels are determined by the malignant process itself. The cervical disease may selectively induce early viral antigens, thus giving rise to the antibody response described in this paper.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

Basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in Finland. Site distribution and patient survival.

Long-term survival of patients with basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin and site distribution of the lesions were studied using ample nationwide cancer registry data. The material consisted of 23,975 patients with BCC and 2,927 patients with SCC diagnosed in Finland from 1967 to 1981. The proportion of patients with lesions in the head and neck region was 77.5% in men and 81.4% in women for BCC and, 75.7% in men and 75.8% in women for SCC. The 5- and 10-year relative survival rates (RSRs) of patients with BCC were very close to 100%. The 5-year RSR of patients with SCC diagnosed from 1974 to 1981 was 87.7% in men and 84.0% in women. In patients with SCC the worst prognosis was for lesions of the scalp and neck in men (80.2%) and for those of the ears in women (73.2%).

Adult↗