Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Sun

Publications and source records attributed to L Sun.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Heroin abuse and nitric oxide, oxidation, peroxidation, lipoperoxidation.

To further reveal the risks of heroin abuse to human body, and to determine the injuries of oxidation, peroxidation and lipoperoxidation induced by nitric oxide and other free radicals to heroin abusers, we determined and compared plasma values of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), beta-carotene (beta-CAR) and erythrocyte values of LPO, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in 114 heroin abusers and 100 healthy volunteers. Using linear regression and correlation as well as stepwise regression and correlation, we also analyzed the effect of the abusing duration, and daily abusing quantity on the above-mentioned biochemical parameters in the heroin abusers. The results showed that, compared with the healthy volunteer groups, the average plasma values of LPO, and NO, and the average erythrocyte value of LPO in the heroin abuser group were significantly increased (P < 0.0001), and the average plasma values of VC, VE, and beta-CAR and the average erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were significantly decreased (P < 0.0001). Analysis of linear regression and correlation showed that with prolonged heroin abusing and with increased daily quantity in the heroin abusers, the plasma values of LPO, and NO, and the erythrocyte value of LPO were gradually increased (P < 0.001), whereas the plasma values of VC, VE, and beta-CAR and the erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were gradually decreased (P < 0.001). Analysis of stepwise regression and correlation indicated that the plasma values of NO, VC and VE were closely correlated with the abusing duration and daily abusing quantity. These results indicate that the balance between oxidation and antioxidation in the heroin abusers was seriously disturbed, and the injuries induced by nitric oxide and other free radicals, through oxidation, peroxidation and lipoperoxidation to the bodies of heroin abusers exacerbated. It is therefore necessary that in abstaining from heroin dependence, the heroin abusers should acquire sufficient quantities of antioxidants such as VC, VE and beta-CAR.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed2000

Combined defect in membrane expression and activation of platelet GPIIb--IIIa complex without primary sequence abnormalities in myeloproliferative disease.

Defects in glycoprotein (GP)IIb-IIIa or in its activation may cause abnormal platelet aggregation and a bleeding diathesis. We report studies in a 67-year-old man with a myeloproliferative disease and markedly abnormal platelet responses. By flow cytometry, platelet binding of two complex-specific anti-GPIIb-IIIa monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), A2A9 and 10E5, was approximately 50% of normal. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using immobilized kistrin showed 18% of normal membrane GPIIb-IIIa complex. By immunoblot analysis, GPIIb and GPIIIa levels in platelet lysates and membranes were near normal. Activation of GPIIb-IIIa, monitored with mAb PAC-1, was markedly decreased (< 20% of normal) in response to ADP, thrombin and platelet-activating factor (PAF); expression of ligand-induced binding sites (LIBS) was < or = 30% of normal. Signal transduction-independent LIBS expression, induced by echistatin, was approximately 60% of normal, suggesting that the integrin present had intact ligand-binding capability. Sequence analysis of GPIIb and GPIIIa cDNA, and platelet mRNA levels for both subunits, were normal. These findings document an acquired combined defect in membrane expression (secondary to a defect in post-translational processing of the complex) and inside-out signalling-dependent activation of the GPIIb-IIIa complex.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed2000

A cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion technique for the surgical repair of aortic type I dissections requiring the elephant trunk procedure.

The effect of cerebral and spinal cord protection by a modified perfusion technique during the elephant trunk procedure was assessed. Between 1997 and 1998, six patients underwent selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) and lower half of the body perfusion (LBP), in which the right subclavian and left femoral arteries were separately cannulated and perfused by individual pump heads. Moderate systemic cooling was used (nasal temp. 20-30 degrees C; rectal temp. 23-26 degrees C). The open distal aortic repair was performed using only the selective cerebral perfusion; while the aortic arch reconstruction was performed using both selective cerebral and lower half of the body simultaneous perfusion. Blood oxygen saturation of the left jugular vein (SjO2) and regional oxygen saturation cerebral (rSO2) in the front region of the brain, was monitored along with the pressure of the left temporal superficial and femoral artery. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 136 minutes, with a mean arrest time of 92 minutes. Mean duration of isolated selective cerebral perfusion was 23 minutes, with flow rates of 5-8 mL/kg/min; a left temporal superficial artery pressure of 50 mmHg; SjO2 65-80%, and rSO2 58-72%. Mean duration of simultaneous selective cerebral and lower half of the body perfusion was 27 minutes; cerebral flow rates 5-8 mL/kg/min; the left temporal superficial artery pressure of 45-50 mmHg; SjO2 70-85% and rSO2 55-76%. At the same time, lower half of the body flow rates were maintained within 30-50 mL/kg/min; with a femoral artery pressure 50-80 mmHg. Mean extubation time was 28 hours; mean ICU time was 4.5 days. There were no neurologic complications in any patient. All patients survived the operation and were discharged from the hospital. This modified perfusion technique of SCP and LBP worked well and provided satisfactory cerebral and spinal cord protection.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effects of 2-[3-estrone-N-ethyl-piperazine-methyl]tetracycline (XW630) on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.

AIM: To study the effects of 2-[3-estrone-N-ethyl-piperazine-methyl]tetracycline (XW630) on experimental osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. METHODS: Serum estradiol (E2) content and bone 1-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGP) content were measured by radioimmunoassay. With undecalcified bone section and tetracycline intraperitoneal labeling, the bone static and dynamic data were studied in right femur samples. RESULTS: After treatment with XW630 2.5 mg.kg-1, serum BGP content increased by 75.7% but there was no change in serum E2 content and uterus weight compared with OVX rats. Compared with OVX rats, the static data of trabecular bone volume/total tissue volume, trabecular bone volume/sponge bone volume, and mean trabecular plate density were enhanced after treatment with XW630 for 13 wk. The dynamic data of single-labeled surface, double-labeled surface, trabecular osteoid surface, and bone formation rate in tissue level in XW630 group were increased and osteoid maturation period was shortened. CONCLUSION: XW630 enhanced bone activation frequency and increased trabecular connectivity, stability, and strength. XW630 stimulated bone formation and inhibited bone resorption with no effect on reproductive system.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Effects of XW630 on cell proliferation, iNOS activity, and cGMP content in human osteoblast-like cell line TE85.

AIM: To study the effects of 2-[3-estrone-N-ethyl-piperazine-methyl] tetracycline (XW630) in human osteoblast-like cell line TE85. METHODS: [3H]Thymidine incorporation and cell count for cell proliferation, radioimmunoassay for cyclic GMP (cGMP) content, and monitoring the conversion of [3H]arginine for inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) activity assay. RESULTS: After treatment with XW630 for 48 h, [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell numbers increased by 62.7% and 96.9%, respectively. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, an NOS inhibitor) induced a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation after treatment for 48 h. The inhibitory effect was prevented partially by XW630 (1.0 nmol.L-1). After treatment with XW630 for 12-48 h, iNOS activity and cGMP concentration increased in time-dependent manners. CONCLUSION: XW630 stimulated cell proliferation, enhanced iNOS activity and cGMP content in human osteoblast-like cell line TE85.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

[Aortic root replacement of 231 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the operative indications, methods, and surgical techniques of aortic root replacement for aortic not aneurysm. METHODS: Between January 1994 and August 1999, 231 consecutive patients underwent aortic root replacement in our institution, and 13/231 were treated on an emergency basis. They were 189 men and 42 women, ranging in age from 14 to 69 years. The diameter of the aneurysm varied from 4.5 to 11.0 cm. Among this group, 145 had isolated aortic root aneurysms, 65 suffered from DeBakey type I aortic dissection, and the remaining 21 were diagnosed as DeBakey type II aortic dissection. Aortic valve regurgitation was involved in all patients. Aortic root replacement was performed with composite valved graft in 229 patients, and 2 patients reserved the aortic valve. RESULTS: Hospital mortality was 3.03% (7 patients). The early complications included re-exploration for bleeding in 6 patients, pericardial effusion in 9, and cerebral infarction, pleural effusion and pneumothorax each in 2 patients. One hundred and seventy-five patients (78.12%) were followed up, with a mean follow-up period of 15.7 +/- 13.1 months (range, 2 weeks to 65 months). One patient died from lower-limb embolism and renal dysfunction at 3 months postoperatively. Three patients died from postoperative anticoagulant accidents. The preoperative and postoperative mean left ventricular end-diastolic diameters were significantly different (68.1 mm +/- 9.4 mm, range: 54 to 112; vs 54.8 mm +/- 8.2 mm, range: 38 to 88; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Aortic aneurysm without dissection or with chronic dissection should be operated if the diameter of the aneurysm is greater than 5 cm. Once a diagnosis of acute aortic root dissecting aneurysm is made, the patient should undergo surgery as soon as possible if the general condition permit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Studies on the chemical constituents of Kaempferia marginata].

AIM: To study the chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae). METHODS: Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify. Their physico-chemical properties and spectral data were used to elucidate the structures. RESULTS: Six compounds were isolated from the hexane extract of K. galanga. Their structures were identified as marginatol (1), 8 (14), 15-sanderacopimaradiene-1 alpha, 9 alpha-diol (2), 8 (14), 15-sanderacopimaradiene-1 alpha, 6 beta, 9 alpha-triol (3), germacrone (4), trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (5) and n-pentadecane (6) on the basis of spectral data (IR, MS, 1H-1H, 13C-1H NMR, NOEs and HMBC). CONCLUSION: Marginatol (1) is a new isopimarene diterpenoid and was elucidated as 8(14), 15-isopimaradiene-6 alpha-ol. Compounds 2, 3 and 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant.

Diterpenes↗
PubMed2000

[The progress in research on the mechanisms of the effects of blood volume reduction on orthostatic tolerance after microgravity or simulated microgravity].

Orthostatic intolerance commonly occurs after spaceflight, but its mechanisms remain to be clarified. It is believed that the reduction of blood volume might be one of the important factors. So the current countermeasures against orthostatic intolerance are aimed to control the changes of blood volume. The main differences between physiological effects of microgravity and simulated microgravity on humans appear in the circulation of the low pressure side and in humoral and electrolyte metabolism. Reflexes elicited from the low pressure side are very important for regulation of the extracellular fluids. The authors postulated that for a further understanding of mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance after spaceflight and to establish appropriate countermeasures against orthostatic intolerance, it is important to study the course of changes of the circulation in the low pressure side and the reflexes thus elicited with more appropriate method of simulation.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

[Analysis and improvement consideration of the current human experimental models of humoral regulation in microgravity].

The main differences between physiological effects of microgravity in spaceflight and simulated microgravity on humans appeared in the circulation of the low pressure side, in humoral and electrolyte metabolism. For a further understanding of the physiological effects of microgravity, some improvement of the current human experimental models are needed. It is possible to choose more adequate models closer to the situation in microgravity through measuring cardiovascular parameters, fluid regulation and renal excretion variables under head-up tilt (HUT) plus lower body positive pressure condition, or under head-down tilt (HDT) plus upper body negative pressure in various angles and pressure levels.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

[Counteracting effects of intermittent head-up tilt on simulated-weightlessness induced atrophy of anti-gravity muscles].

Objective. To study the efficacy of intermittent + Gz (45 degrees head-up tilt, HUT) exposures in preventing or alleviating atrophic changes in hind limb muscles induced by simulated weightlessness. Method. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned randomly to one of three groups: simultaneous control (CON), simulated weightlessness (SUS), and SUS plus 6 h/d HUT (SUS + HUT). Muscles examined included soleus (SOL), medial gastrocnemius (correction from grastrocnemius) (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). Sections were treated with an adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) stain or alkaline phosphatase stain. The cross-sectional areas (CSA) of fibers, the relative proportion of type I fiber and the ratio of capillaries/fibers (C/F) were measured using Leica image analysis system. Result. Compared with CON, the wet weight of hind limb muscles in SUS were significantly reduced. The changes of wet weight in different groups were various. The C/F ratios of all muscles were significantly reduced. SUS + HUT rats showed significant increases in SOL and MG wet weight, and the relative counter-effects of intermittent HUT were 93.4% and 34.8%, respectively. In SUS + HUT group, the CSA of both type I and II fibers and relative proportion of type I fibers were completely recovered in SOL, and partially recovered in MG, while the counter-effects were much less obvious in the fibers of LG and EDL. However, HUT resulted in a significant recovery of the C/F ratios in all muscles. Conclusion. The present study demonstrated that intermittent HUT is effective in counteracting the atrophy induced by simulated weightlessness. The result that reactivity to HUT varied among different muscles suggests that the intermittent artificial gravity should be complemented with other countermeasures.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Changes in electrocardiogram and cardiac phase during various stages in foreign manned spaceflight activities and the analysis of their possible mechanisms].

Electrocardiography (ECG) is still the only method for continuous medical observation during various stages of foreign manned spaceflight activities, and it also serves as an important item for medical monitoring in the project for manned spaceflight activities in our country. With electrocardiography, pulse or heart rate (one of the four life signs) and cardiac function can continuously be observed. Cardiac phase relative to ECG is a main index reflecting cardiac function. Understanding of the results of ECG and cardiac phase and their mechanisms during various stages of foreign manned spaceflight activities will be helpful in establishing emergency measures in the course of manned spaceflight activities in our country.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed2000

Effect of intravenous nitroglycerin on hemodynamics in infants and children with congestive heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the effect of intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG) on hemodynamics in infants and small children with congestive heart failure secondary to congenital cardiac defect of left to right shunt. METHODS: Heart rate, blood pressure and total peripheral resistance were monitored continuously. Echocardiography was used to measure ejection fraction, fractional shortening, end-diastolic volume index of left ventricle, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, pulmonary artery mean pressure and left ventricular wall stress before the use and during 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, and 5.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 dosages of nitroglycerin (NTG). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the indexes of heart rate, blood pressure, ejection fraction and fractional shortening of left ventricle, stroke volume index, cardiac output index, end-diastolic volume index before the use and after the use of NTG. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased from 15.5 +/- 2.3 mm Hg before the use of NTG to 14.3 +/- 2.2 mm Hg after the use of 0.5 microgram.kg-1.min-1 NTG (P < 0.05), minimum to 12.3 +/- 2.4 mm Hg; left ventricular wall stress I, II and III decreased from 407 +/- 65 dyn.cm-2.10(3), 166 +/- 48 dyn.cm-2.10(3), 255 +/- 52 dyn.cm-2.10(3) to 357 +/- 75 dyn.cm-2.10(3), 136 +/- 48 dyn.cm-2.10(3), 218 +/- 52 dyn.cm-2.10(3) (P < 0.05), minimum to 321 +/- 50 dyn.cm-2.10(3), 114 +/- 42 dyn.cm-2.10(3), 187 +/- 42 dyn.cm-2.10(3), respectively. Total peripheral resistance and pulmonary artery mean pressure were decreased when the dosage of intravenous NTG was increased to above 2.5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the above indexes of the different dosages. CONCLUSION: Congestive heart failure secondary to congenital cardiac defect of left to right shunt in infants and small children is the indication of using intravenous NTG which could improve hemodynamics. There was different selectivity in dosage between arterial and venous vasodilatation, and the change in hemodynamics was independent of dosage. The dosages of 0.5-1.0 microgram.kg-1.min-1 NTG are recommended when the decrease of cardiac preload is the main point of therapy of heart failure.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed2000

Changes in airway responsiveness and relative factors in asthma with remission at puberty.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the airway responsiveness and its relative factors in asthma with natural remission at puberty. METHOD: The airway responsiveness was evaluated by provocation of methacholine (PC20). Blood sIL-2R, IL-4 and IFN-gamma values in the cultural supernatant of mononuclear cells, eosinophil count, basophil count and basophil releasability were detected in 18 asthmatic cases with remission at puberty (group I), in 20 asthmatics without remission at puberty (group II), and in 30 healthy controls (group III). RESULT: The mean value of PC20 in group I was significantly lower than that in group III (P < 0.01), but still higher than that in group II (P < 0.01). The blood sIL-2R, and eosinophil counts dropped almost to those of group III, significantly lower than those of group II. IL-4 in the culture supernatant of mononuclear cells was similar to group III, but significantly lower than that in group II. However IFN-gamma was also similar to group III, significantly higher than that of group II. The basophil count and positive rate of human basophil degranulation test stimulated by mannitol with hyper-osmolarity were still abnormal, significantly higher than those of group III, and the basophil level was significantly related to the airway responsiveness. CONCLUSION: The asthmatics with remission at puberty have a certain degree of airway hyper-responsiveness that is related to the abnormality of basophil.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Mutation in the leucine-rich repeat of platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha results in defects in its interaction with immobilized von Willebrand factor under flow.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize effects of the GP Ib alpha mutation (A156V) on its interaction with von Willebrand factor (vWf) under high fluid shear stress. METHODS: The residue A156 of GP Ib alpha was converted to a valine and the mutant expressed in CHO cells expressing wild-type GP Ib beta and GPIX. The transfected cells were tested for their interaction with a panel of GP Ib alpha antibodies and for rolling on immobilized vWf under high shear. RESULTS: The mutation led to surface expression of a GP Ib alpha polypeptide that adopted a different conformation at its N-terminus because binding of the GP Ib alpha antibody AN51, which has a binding epitope in the N-terminal 35 residues, was eliminated, whereas binding of the others (AK2, MB45, and SZ2, all of which bind to regions C-terminal to the AN51 epitope) was normal. Mutant-expressing cells could adhere and roll on immobilized vWf under high fluid shear stress and rolled significantly faster than wild-type cells. CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate that the mutation A156V results in a conformation change at the N-terminus of GP Ib alpha, which leads to an increase in the dissociation rate of the bond between the GP Ib alpha mutant and vWf.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Distribution of interleukin-6 receptors (CD(126) and CD(w130)) on circulating lymphocytes in patients with lupus nephritis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of IL-6 receptors (CD(126) and CD(w130)) on lymphocytes in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). METHOD: The percentages of lymphocyte subsets were examined by direct two colour immunofluorescence on flow cytometry. RESULTS: (1) In active and inactive cases, the percentages of CD(+)(4) cells obviously decreased as compared with the normal controls (P < 0.01). Increased numbers of CD(+)(8) cells could be detected in LN patients (P < 0.05), especially in active cases (P < 0.01). Lymphocytes of active cases contained significantly greater percentage of CD(+)(23) cells than those of normal subjects (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the percentage of CD(+)(23) cells was statistically lower in the inactive cases than in normal subjects (P < 0.01). No significant difference in the percentages of CD(+)(126) and CD(+)(w130) cells was observed among the active, inactive and healthy groups (P > 0.05); (2) The proportion of CD(+)(4) CD(+)(126) and CD(+)(4) CD(+)(w130) cells in total lymphocytes was significantly lower in the active than in the inactive ones or normal subjects (P < 0.05; P < 0.01), whereas that of CD(+)(8) CD(+)(126) and CD(+)(8) CD(+)(w130) cells was not different among the active, inactive and normal subjects (P > 0.05). The proportion of CD(+)(23) CD(+)(126) cells and CD(+)(23) CD(+)(w130) cells augmented significantly in the active (P < 0.05), whereas it lessened in the inactive without statistical meaning as compared with the normal subjects (P > 0.05). (3) There was a positive correlation between the percentage of CD(+)(23) CD(+)(126) cells and that of CD(+)(23) CD(+)(w130) cells in total lymphocytes in the active group (r = 0.756, P < 0.05). However, no correlation between the percentage of CD(+)(23) CD(+)(126) cells and that of CD(+)(23) CD(+)(w130) cells in total lymphocytes was found in the inactive (r = 0.376, P > 0.05) or normal group (r = 0.256, P > 0.05); (4) The fraction of CD(+)(23) cells expressing CD(126) and CD(w130) was related to the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and lymphopenia (P < 0.05, P < 0.005). But it was neither associated with the number of damaged organs and the degree of damage, not with that of ANA, anti-dsDNA antibody and complements (C(3) and C(4)) (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LN patients present not only B cell hyperactivity but also T cell abnormality. In active cases, there is abnormal distribution of IL-6 receptors on lymphocytes: reduced CD(126) and CD(w130) expression on CD(+)(4) cells and elevated CD(126) and CD(w130) expression on CD(+)(23) cells. Detecting the proportion of CD(+)(23) CD(+)(126) cells or CD(+)(23) CD(+)(w130) cells in total lymphocytes may serve as one of activity indexes for LN patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Investigation and comparison of the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene Trp64Arg mutation in the Chinese and Japanese].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical features associated with the Trp64Arg mutation of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3AR) gene between the Chinese and Japanese, the BMI, blood pressure, heart rate and plasma lipoproteins in the 2 cohorts. were investigated. METHODS: Two groups of Chinese patients including 614 non-diabetes (ND) (group 1) and 137 NIDDM (group 2), and 2 groups of Japanese patients including 746 health check people in Hachijo Island (group A) and 371 outpatients with diabetes or/and hyperlipidemia (group B) were investigated. PCR for the Trp64Arg mutation in the beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3AR) gene was performed in all subjects. RESULTS: (1) The allelic frequency of the Trp64Arg mutation was 19.7% in NIDDM and 17.4% in ND group, mean 17.8% in the Chinese, and 23% in the group A and 18.3% in the group B, mean 21.7% in the Japanese. (2) The frequency of Trp64Arg mutation in the beta 3AR gene was gradually increased with the increase in BMI in the Chinese and the significance was shown in women between BMI < 25 and BMI > 28 (15.9% vs. 29.1%, P < 0.02). The Trp64Arg genotypes of the beta 3AR had a significantly higher BMI compared with Trp64Trp genotype in the Chinese (P < 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). But no significant differences were found in the Japanese. (3) A significant lower total cholesterol in Arg64Arg than in Trp64Trp was seen in Japanese men (P = 0.03), and in both Arg64Arg and Trp64Arg in Chinese men (P < 0.001 and P < 0.005). (4) Slightly higher systolic blood pressure was observed in Arg64Arg than in Trp64Trp in Japanese men (P = 0.0 026), and significantly higher heart rate in Arg64Arg than Trp64Arg and Trp64Trp in Chinese (P < 0.001). (5) HDL-C was significantly lower in Arg64Arg than in Trp64Trp in the Chinese, (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The Trp64Arg Department of Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo (Yoko Iizuka, Shun Ishibashi, Takanari Gotoda), Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (Nobuhiro Yamada) mutation in beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene contributes to the increased body weight in the Chinese, especially in older women, but not in the Japanese, and to the lower plasma total cholesterol levels in both Chinese and Japanese men, and it potentially contributes to higher systolic blood pressure, faster heart rate and lower HDL-c as well.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The expression of multiple drug resistance associated genes in ovarian cancer].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the investigation was to find out the relationship between the expression of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), multidrug resistance protein (MRP), lung resistance protein (LRP) and glutathione S-transferase pi (GST-pi) with the clinical pathological characteristics and the prognosis in the ovarian cancer patients who never received chemotherapy before operation. METHODS: The expression of MDR1, MRP, LRP and GST-pi in 41 cases of ovarian cancer, 25 cases of benign ovarian tumor and 12 normal ovary tissue were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: In normal ovary, benign tumor and ovarian cancer, the positive expression of MDR1 was 0.0%, 0.0% and 29.3%, the positive of MRP was 16.7%, 12.0% and 53.7%, the positive of LRP was 25.0%, 52.0% and 87.8%, the positive of GST-pi was 8.3%, 12.0% and 51.2% respectively. The ratios of co-expression of multiple genes in ovarian cancer were much higher than that in benign ovarian tumor. All tested genes showed no significant relationship to the clinical stage, histological type and the differentiation of the tumor except that the expression of MDR1 and MRP was closely related to the differentiation (P < 0.05). The non-responders to platinum or taxol based combination chemotherapy exhibited higher ratios of MDR1 and MRP expression than the responders (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the co-expression phenomenon was more common in non-responders. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple gene expression is involved in drug resistance in ovarian cancer. The co-expression of MDR1, MRP, LRP and GST-pi is higher in ovarian cancer than that in benign ovarian tumor and normal ovary tissue. The expression of MDR1 and MRP is closely related to the tumor differentiation and the response to chemotherapy.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗