Biomedical subjects
L Sourander
Publications and source records attributed to L Sourander.
Effects of Cyclospasmol upon sensory parameters in patients recovering from cerebrovascular accidents.
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Uraemia in the aged in south-western Finland.
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[Geriatric and pathologic aspects of deteriorating brain function].
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Effect of long-term treatment of urinary tract infection with a single dose in the evening.
59 hospital patients with an average age of 78 years were long-term treated for urinary tract infection with either cephalexin 125 mg/day, cephalexin 250 mg/day or with nitrofurantoin 100 mg/day given as a single dose in the evening. The patients were observed for a maximum of 12 months. One single dose of cephalexin 125 mg was as effective as one single dose of 250 mg given in the evening in the long-term treatment of urinary tract infection. The urine remained free of bacteriuria in 63% of the patients treated with nitrofurantoin and in 50% of those treated with cephalexin. The duration of the bacteriuria-free interval preceding reinfection was 108 days in those patients treated with nitrofurantoin and 92 days in those treated with cephalexin.
Trimethoprim in the treatment and long-term control of urinary tract infection.
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[A weekly dose of "long-acting" sulfonamide (4-sulfanilamido-5,6-dimethoxypyrimidine) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in the aged].
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Cardiovascular and cancer morbidity and mortality and sudden cardiac death in postmenopausal women on oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT)
BACKGROUND: Advantages and disadvantages of postmenopausal oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) are still not clear. We aimed to analyse the relation between postmenopausal oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT), cardiovascular disease, and cancer. METHODS: We examined 7944 women born between 1923 and 1930, who participated in a mammography screening for breast cancer, and who were followed up from 1987 to 1995. The follow-up consisted of 53,305 person-years. 988 women were current users and 757 were former users of ERT. Information about hormone use and health events was obtained through biennial questionnaires and recording and linking information from the hospital discharge registers of the region, the national cancer register, the social insurance reimbursement register, and the national death register. We used proportional-hazards models to calculate risk ratios and 95% CIs, adjusted for eight confounding variables. FINDINGS: Current ERT was associated with decreased cardiovascular mortality and a decrease in sudden cardiac death. Adjusted risk ratio (RR) for cardiovascular mortality in current users was 0.21 (95% CI 0.08-0.59) and in former users 0.75 (0.41-1.37). Absolute risk per 1000 person-years for deaths from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was 1.1 in never users, 1.2 in former users, and 0.45 in current users (p=0.197). Corresponding absolute risk for other coronary-artery-disease (CAD) deaths was 1.0, 0.81, and 0 (p=0.009), and for deaths from stroke 1.2, 1.0, and 0.15 (p=0.012). Absolute risk for sudden cardiac death was 1.6 in never users, 1.0 in former users, and 0 in current users (p<0.001). Cardiovascular morbidity was not decreased by ERT: the RR for current use was 1.07 (0.86-1.32) and for former use 1.11 (0.89-1.39). Incidence of cardiovascular disease per 1000 person-years was 24.9 in never users, 23.4 in former users, and 20.9 in current users (p=0.153). Breast-cancer morbidity did not increase with current ERT--the RR was 0.57 (0.27-1.20). Incidence of breast cancer was 1.8, 1.6, and 1.0 in never, former, and current users (p=0.242). Endometrial cancer increased with current ERT--the RR was 5.06 (2.47-10.41). Incidence of endometrial cancer was 0.52 in never users, 0.51 in former users, and 2.1 in current users (p<0.001). INTERPRETATION: Current ERT reduced primarily sudden cardiac death and predicted reduced cardiovascular mortality, but did not reduce morbidity. ERT did not increase the risk of breast cancer, but was associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer.
Gangliosides and sulfatide in cerebrospinal fluid in leukoaraiosis.
The aim of the study was to evaluate gangliosides and sulfatide in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as markers for neuronal degeneration, gliosis, and demyelination in leukoaraiosis (LA). Lumbar CSF samples were taken from 37 elderly subjects with LA on computed tomography (CT). Patients with other pathology than LA or infarction on CT were excluded. In addition, CSF samples were collected from 16 elderly reference subjects without any neurological disease. Gangliosides GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, GD3, and sulfatide were determined. This concentration of the individual gangliosides and sulfatide showed no correlation with age. Gangliosides GD1b, GT1b, and GD3 were elevated in patients with mild LA compared to controls and patients with moderate or severe LA. GD1a was elevated in patients with mild LA compared to those with moderate LA. The concentration of sulfatide did not differ between the groups. When the patients were grouped in accordance to whether they had had cerebral infarction or not, differences between the groups were not found in the concentrations of any gangliosides and sulfatide. In conclusion, the analysis of CSF markers suggests that neuronal degeneration and gliosis predominate in the early stage of LA.
Treatment of sulfonamide-resistant urinary tract infections with a combination of sulfonamide and trimethoprim.
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Serum pepsinogen I and gastrin in peptic ulcer patients using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have very complex effects on the gastric mucosa. They, for instance, inhibit mucosal cell proliferation in gastric ulcer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these effects manifest as changes in pepsinogen I and gastrin concentrations. METHODOLOGY: Fasting serum pepsinogen I and gastrin samples were collected from 53 consecutive Helicobacter pylori (HP) positive peptic ulcer patients. Ulcer was diagnosed by endoscopy. The presence of HP was determined from the histological specimen taken from the antral mucosa. Histological changes in the gastric mucosa were evaluated according to the Sydney system. A structured personal interview was carried out with all patients at endoscopy, including detailed questions on the daily use of NSAIDs. Patients were divided into two groups according to their use of NSAIDs. RESULTS: The age-adjusted mean pepsinogen I concentration was significantly lower in patients who used NSAIDs compared to those who did not (91 vs 127 ng/l, p = 0.0035). There was no difference in the mean gastrin concentration between these two groups (91 vs 86 micrograms/l, p = 0.74). CONCLUSIONS: Serum pepsinogen I concentration was lower in HP positive peptic ulcer patients who used NSAIDs compared to those who did not.