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Biomedical subjects

L Silvestro

Publications and source records attributed to L Silvestro.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Excretion of aminoglycosides in a rat kidney model.

Dactimicin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic with an interesting low nephrotoxicity in animal experimental models. In order to establish if a correlation exists between the nephrotoxic effect and renal pharmacokinetic behaviour of aminoglycosides, tobramycin, sisomicin and dactimicin were studied in a model of isolated and perfused rat kidney. Concentrations in venous and urinary effluent during a continuous perfusion of a constant concentration of drugs were evaluated. The influence of active transport was studied comparing excretion data obtained with perfusion buffer with or without glucose. In the present experimental model the renal excretions of the aminoglycosides tested are quite similar and cannot account for the different nephrotoxicity observed in animals.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1987

[Child abuse].

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Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment in neuroblastoma: report of two cases.

Poor results with 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) therapy have been obtained in two children with stage IV neuroblastoma treated after partial surgery and unsatisfactory combination chemotherapy. Both patients' response to treatment (four and three 1-month-spaced courses, respectively; cumulative administration of 11.9 and 9.2 GBq) has been characterized by a low isotope concentration in the primary tumor and in the multiple bone metastases and by bone marrow uptake with final severe hematological toxicity. A slight decrease in the primary tumor's volume was observed in one patient at a cumulative dose of 85 Gy; there was no change in the other's at 42 Gy. At an initial, greater isotope concentration delivering 103 Gy, some bone metastases displayed a sharp decrease in uptake that persisted in the successive courses. For both patients a progressive spreading of new tumor localisation in the bones and finally in the soft tissues was observed.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1986

A short-term chemosensitivity test with different labeled precursors of DNA or protein synthesis: correlation with clinical response.

Blood or bone marrow samples from 15 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloblastic leukemia undergoing remission induction treatment with daunorubicin, cytosine-arabinoside and 6-thioguanine were tested in vitro. Leukemic cells were incubated for 24 h at 37 degrees C with or without the drugs alone or in combination. A 3-h pulse with labelled precursors of DNA synthesis (3H-thymidine) or protein synthesis (3H-leucine) was then given separately. In vitro growth, expressed as the percentage ratio between labeled precursor uptake in treated cells and in control cells, was compared with the clinical results obtained. Three patients were not considered evaluable (death occurred too early), 8 had a complete response (CR), and 4 were disease resistant to chemotherapy. Leukemic cells of resistant-disease patients showed a significantly lower growth inhibition than cells taken from CR patients, with each drug alone or in combination, when measured with thymidine. Inhibition of leucine uptake was not related to the clinical outcome.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

In vitro evaluation of myelotoxicity induced by antineoplastic drugs.

Myelotoxicity is one of the most important side effects of antineoplastic drugs. Even in using the same dosages, the gravity of this toxicity varies greatly among different patients. With the aim of evaluating if an in vitro test may predict such an effect we have measured in bone marrow samples taken from 15 patients undergoing chemotherapy for small-cell lung cancer the in vitro uptake of 3H-thymidine in the presence or absence of the cytostatic drugs used for the clinical treatment of these patients. We did not find a clear correlation between the in vitro results and the myelotoxicity observed during the clinical course.

Antineoplastic Agents↗