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Biomedical subjects

L Sharpe

Publications and source records attributed to L Sharpe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Guidelines for evaluating sex therapy.

Clinical advances in the treatment of human sexual dysfunctions must be documented by objective and scientific assessments of changes in patients as a result of the therapy. The principle guidelines for evaluating such changes include (1) the use of standard methods of interviewing patients and recording information obtained, both before and after treatment, (2) careful specification of treatment technique(s) used, standardized when applied to any group of patients, (3) assessment of patients' psychosocial as well as sexual functioning, (4) clearly defined criteria for diagnosis and outcome, (5) use of control or comparison groups, and (6) methodical in-person follow-up contacts. The procedures can be applied by clinicians in their individual practice as well as by independent evaluation programs. These guidelines, presented in this paper, provide a framework for reliable investigations to determine which treatments work best for which patients with which sexual dysfunctions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1976

The geriatric mental status interview (GMS).

The Geriatric Mental Status interview (GMS) is a semi-structured interview technique for assessing psychopathology in elderly patients. It is administered by a trained interviewer in a session of less than one hour. Between 100 and 200 question are asked and almost 500 items are rated. Twenty-one factor scores have been identified and the reliability of the ratings has been established. The interview is acceptable to the patient and is useful for making diagnostic distinctions and evaluation progress

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Assessment of the older psychiatric inpatient.

Instruments, whether used in psychometrics or in other fields, must have a practical application if they are to repay the care spent in their use and development. The Geriatric Mental State schedule was developed in response to the need to answer the question whether functional psychiatric disorders were being misdiagnosed as organic brain syndrome and, if so, to what extent this influenced treatment and outcome. In the hospitals studied it was found that American psychiatrists were more likely to diagnose organic brain syndrome than British psychiatrists. Although elderly patients with affective disorder were less likely to be given American patients was as good, if not better, than the outcome in the British patients.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1975

Cross-national study of diagnosis of the mental disorders: a comparative psychometric assessment of elderly patients admitted to mental hospitals serving Queens County, New York, and the former borough of Camberwell, London.

In a cross-national comparison of the frequency of occurrence of various diagnoses among elderly psychiatric patients admitted to public mental hospitals in London and New York, a short battery of psychological tests was administered to all patients independently of psychiatric examination. The psychological assessment was focused on the differentiation between dementing and affective disorders. The test performance showed a highly significant difference between the two groups as diagnosed, and when patients were allocated to groups on the basis of tests alone these allocations showed a high rate of agreement with initial psychiatric diagnosis. There was a similar high rate of agreement between test allocation and hospital diagnosis in the U.K., but this was not so in the U.S. No significant differences were found between the test performance of U.K. and U.S. patients, except on the WAIS Vocabulary and the Angles Error measurement of the Bender-Gestalt test. When the effects of age and Vocabulary score were eliminated these differences disappeared. The hypothesis that the diagnosis of affective disorder would be confirmed by a relatively greater improvement in test performance over time in this group of patients was not upheld by the non-parametric analysis of change scores. However, an analysis of covariance utilizing age and initial score did indicate the expected differential improvement.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-treatment sexual adjustment following cervical and endometrial cancer: a qualitative insight.

There is an increasing number of long-term survivors of cervical and endometrial cancer for whom quality of life is of major importance. We interviewed 20 women (aged 19-64) to explore the dynamics and components of post-treatment sexual adjustment and its impact on quality of life. Stratification by treatment received (surgery alone, surgery plus external-beam radiation, surgery plus brachytherapy, and surgery plus external-beam radiation and brachytherapy) and time since treatment (immediately post treatment, during the next 2 years and thereafter) was undertaken, to ensure representation of all relevant experiences and views, and to allow time for any long-term side effects to appear. The NUD*IST software (Non-numerical Unstructured Data by Indexing, Searching and Theorising) was used to assist with the coding of audio-taped, transcribed interviews and to search for themes and segments. While the data supported findings reported in the literature, important new themes emerged in the course of the qualitative analysis. These included: (a). issues related to being 'feminine', (b). the role of intimacy in post-treatment adjustment and (c). the importance of communication between health professionals, patients and partners. A model is presented that integrates these issues and highlights the need for effective interventions to improve post-treatment outcomes. The provision of information, support and modification of rehabilitation devices is suggested.

Adaptation, Psychological↗