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Biomedical subjects

L Schnaufer

Publications and source records attributed to L Schnaufer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Surgical manifestations of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in the pediatric patient.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, an inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology, occurs in one of 10,000 admissions to this Children's Hospital. We had added 4 cases to the 11 retrieved from a literature review. The inflammation is characterized by mature eosinophils predominating a transmural process which may produce pain, obstruction, perforation, bleeding, or fistulae. All levels of the gastrointestinal tract are involved, but stomach (25.9%) and small bowel (66.7%) lesions are most common. Eosinophilia occurs in 61% of children and allergy in 13%. X-rays may demonstrate a diffuse or localized process. Operative intervention may be necessary to exclude tumors or regional enteritis, and at times to extirpate complications of local disease, but conservative therapy is the treatment of choice for this exacerbating-remitting disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prolonged retention of foreign bodies in the stomach.

Two patients had prolonged retention of small round foreign bodies in the stomach. Both patients had a history of a pyloromyotomy. Radiographic examination revealed a prepyloric web in one patient and a deformed pylorus in the other. These findings were confirmed by surgery.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Hirschsprung's disease.

Hirschsprung's disease or aganglionic megacolon is an anomaly caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus of the distal colon. It produces intestinal obstruction or lethal enterocolitis in the neonatal period and constipation of varying degree in the older child. The diagnosis can be made by history alone and confirmed by physical findings, barium enema, motility studies, and rectal biopsy. Colostomy may be a life saving measure in the newborn, to be followed by a definitive pull-through procedure before the age of 1 year. Operative correction consists of various techniques all of which aim for excision of the aganglionic segment with preservation of the internal anal sphincter. The major pitfall of these procedures is a too perfectly preserved sphincter which remains spastic and still produces obstruction. Some damage to this muscle must be accomplished either during the procedure or postoperatively by bouginage in order to obtain a satisfactory result.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma.

Case of spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma continue to occur in the present multimodal therapy era at institutions where physicians are prepared to withhold treatment on certain patients with residual primary or metastatic disease. From a survey of the 22 member institutions of Children's Cancer Study Group, seven hospitals submitted data on 24 neuroblastoma patients whose disease underwent regression after minimal, unusual, or no treatment. An analysis of these patients and of 33 patients form two large series in the literature shows that the majority of patients are infants with Stage II or Stage IVS disease. The spontaneous regression usually consists of complete disappearance of the disease, but in some neuroblastomas, maturation to ganglioneuroma takes place. The various factors that may influence regression are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The management of abdominal neuroblastoma.

Although survival of children with abdominal neuroblastoma seems at this time to be unrelated to the therapeutic effort, a method of management according to the stage of disease has been developed. Seventy-three percent of patients have metastases at the time of diagnosis. Survival is best in children under 1 year of age. Survival by stage of disease drops progressively from 90% in Stage I disease to 2.4% in Stage IV disease. Irradiation therapy seems unrelated to survival in Stage I, II, and IV disease, while chemotherapy has not been shown to alter survival rates in any stage. Surgical removal of the tumor is still the primary therapy; irradiation is of significant benefit in patients with Stage III disease.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Silastic abdominal patch for temporary hepatomegaly in Stage IV-S neuroblastoma.

Of our 174 neuroblastoma patients, 11 were classified as Stage IV-S. The primary tumor is usually small and there is widespread disease in the liver, skin, bone marrow, or any combination of these. The prognosis is favorable and radiation and chemotherapy should be avoided if possible. In some of these children the rapidly enlarging liver may cause respiratory distress and vena caval compression. The creation of a ventral hernia by means of a Silastic patch is a useful, temporary procedure during the life-threatening period of rapid growth and increased intra-abdominal pressure. Closure is simple once the liver has returned to normal.

Abdominal Muscles↗