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Biomedical subjects

L S Nichter

Publications and source records attributed to L S Nichter.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Entrapment neuropathies of the upper extremity.

Entrapment neuropathies occur in a number of different but predictable locations in the upper extremity. These neuropathies can produce a spectrum of sensory and motor deficits in the hand and upper extremity. A careful clinical examination in conjunction with electromyography and nerve conduction velocity studies can usually delineate peripheral nerve dysfunction. Prognosis depends on the degree of nerve injury, which is related to both the cause and the duration of the entrapment.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Electric burns of the oral cavity.

Low-voltage electric burns are the leading cause of electric burn injury in childhood and can result in an injury to the oral cavity that can heal with a noticeable deformity. The mechanisms of burn injuries to the oral cavity are either due to the electric arc or current or both. Electric burns of the oral cavity can involve the lip, tongue, mucous membranes, and underlying bone. Therapy for these injuries should include management of systemic sequelae and treatment of the local burn injury. Our therapeutic approach to this injury is dictated by the pathophysiology of the electric burn of the oral cavity.

Burns, Electric↗
PubMed1984

Seminoma in a 46,XX true hermaphrodite with positive H-Y antigen. A case report.

This case study represents the first report of a 46,XX phenotypic male true hermaphrodite with a pure seminoma. Serologic testing of tissue demonstrated the presence of the H-Y antigen. This finding supports the theory that the H-Y gene is essential for primary sex determination and raises the possibility that it may also be the specific factor responsible for malignant degeneration of dysgenetic gonads.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The trapezius musculocutaneous flap in head and neck reconstruction: potential pitfalls.

Defects resulting from bulky tumor resection of the head and neck region represent a reconstructive challenge. The trapezius musculocutaneous paddle flap based on the transverse cervical vessels is a useful tool for the reconstructive surgeon. Failure to recognize the variable anatomy is discussed in relation to other musculocutaneous flaps used for the purpose of head and neck reconstruction. The trapezius muscle has a variably located vasculature and diverse nomenclature. The knowledge of the variance of its anatomical vasculature is essential in the successful use of the trapezius musculocutaneous flap.

Arteries↗
PubMed1984

Galeal-pericranial flaps in head and neck reconstruction. Anatomy and application.

Head and neck deformities of congenital, traumatic, or neoplastic cause often require reconstruction. At the University of Virginia over the past 14 years, we have used galeal, temporalis fascial, and pericranial flaps to correct these defects in more than 150 patients. Dissection of these flaps on both cadavers and reconstructive patients had demonstrated new anatomic findings different from those reported in standard textbooks. The galea is the most superficial layer of fascia. The pericranium is the next tissue layer. It is continuous above and separate from the temporalis muscle fascia. We may, therefore, consider three separate fascial layers for reconstruction. A rich vascular plexus arises from branches of the external and internal carotid arteries. Blood flow is axial to the galea and temporalis fascia. Pericranium has a dual supply from peripheral axial vessels and from perforating vessels from the overlying galea. Galeal, temporalis fascial, and pericranial flaps are reliable, thin, and supple and have a good arc of rotation and minimal donor site morbidity. They may be used to cover bone, cartilage, or implants, may be folded for bulk, may be used to carry blood to poorly vascularized recipient sites, or may be used to nourish bone, cartilage, skin, and mucosal grafts. Their versatility permits a wide variety of potential applications in head and neck surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Search for a nontoxic surgical scrub solution for periorbital lacerations.

The purpose of this study was to identify a skin wound cleanser that could be used safely to cleanse lacerations of the periorbital region. The irritation and toxicity to the eye of the commercially available skin wound cleansers were quantitated using numerical values and weights for the ocular lesions in experimental animals. Shur Clens did not elicit lesions in experimental animals or in a series of 20 patients with periorbital lacerations. On the basis of this study, Shur Clens is recommended as a safe skin wound cleanser for periorbital lacerations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Rodeo roping thumb injuries.

Three men with thumb injuries sustained during rodeo roping competition have been treated recently. Two of the thumbs were amputated, and the third was partially avulsed. The mechanism of injury was identical in all three cases. The thumbs were entwined between the rope and saddle horn while reducing the slack in the rope and then subjected to shearing and crushing forces as tension was placed on the rope. These injuries emphasize the importance of keeping the thumb upward and clear of the rope to avoid entrapment between the rope and saddle horn.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Quantitation of skin-flap survival: a computer-based method.

We have proposed a standard scheme for presenting data on experimental skin flap survival in pharmacologic studies that will aid in comparing results. In addition, we have presented a method using desktop computer accessories for accurately measuring the area of any flap.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Subepineural pacinian corpuscle: a cause of digital pain.

A patient is presented who had chronic digital pain as a result of an abnormally located subepineural pacinian corpuscle. The patient had complete relief of her symptoms and return of normal digital function following removal of the pacinian corpuscle. A review of the literature concerning this entity revealed very few reported cases. However, these cases shared many of the same symptoms, as well as both physical and operative findings. It is suggested that patients suffering from digital pain of unknown etiology with a previous history of direct or indirect trauma may benefit from a localized operative exploration of the digit to remove an abnormally located pacinian corpuscle affecting the digital nerve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Early ambulation after skin grafting of depressed wounds of the leg.

Silicone molds can be fitted precisely to skin grafted, depressed surgical defects of the leg and can be secured in place with a tight-fitting elastic support. The gravitational effect and resultant edema under the skin graft can be reduced. Earlier ambulation and better results than have been reported in the past can be obtained.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Continuous transcutaneous oxygen monitoring during an intraoperative cardiac arrest.

A transcutaneous oxygen sensor was used continuously during surgical management of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Closed chest compression initiated for intraoperative cardiac arrest gave an inadequate cardiac output on the basis of falling PtcO2 despite transmitted femoral pulses and an excellent PaO2. This discordance provided a rationale for open cardiac massage, which increased the cardiac output and tissue perfusion (PtcO2) needed for successful resuscitation. The PtcO2 sensor provides immediate, non-invasive, and continuous information regarding tissue oxygenation. It reflects the PaO2 in hemodynamically stable patients as well as providing a sensitive indicator for inadequate cardiac output during shock. In patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a falling PtcO2 with an acceptable PaO2 indicates poor tissue perfusion and, in select circumstances, may warrant open cardiac massage.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1983

Combined free flap and local muscle flap for lower extremity salvage.

Reconstruction of extensive compound lower-extremity injuries may require the use of local flaps or free-tissue transfer. When either method alone is inadequate for reconstruction of two isolated defects on the same lower extremity, a combined approach may be utilized to reconstruct a functional lower extremity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Rapid management of persistent seromas by sclerotherapy.

Postoperative lymphoceles and adventitious bursae are common occurrences. They are slow to resolve and often persist when traditional techniques of prolonged drainage, multiple aspirations, and local pressure are used. Tetracycline sclerotherapy provides a rational nonoperative alternative treatment that is simple and without major complications and provides a rapid resolution of persistent seromas. Based on our favorable limited experience we believe that this technique should be studied in patients with persistent seromas in a randomized prospective fashion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The impact of Indian methods for total nasal reconstruction.

The Indian art and science of total nasal reconstruction comprise the first chapter in the history of plastic surgery. Remarkably, centuries after their first use, the original Indian methods utilizing the cheek flap and median forehead flap for total rhinoplasty remain the basis for most reconstructive rhinoplastic procedures.

History, 15th Century↗
PubMed1983

Emergency operation in the true hermaphrodite.

In two instances of undiagnosed true hermaphrodites, the patients presented with abdominal complaints requiring emergency operations. These patients, because of the abnormal location of the gonadal tissue, were considered to be at a higher risk for malignant degeneration or mechanical problems which may present in an acute state and, therefore, should be castrated. The presentation of either a male patient with hypospadias or cryptorchism, or both, or a female patient with genitalia ambiguity with an incarcerated inguinal hernia or abdominal pain should lead one to consider the diagnosis of true hermaphroditism. This is especially true if it occurs on the right side or if an abdominal mass is palpated. In these individuals, specimens of the contralateral gonad taken intraoperatively for biopsy and postoperative cytogenetic studies will aid in the diagnosis.

Adult↗