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Biomedical subjects

L Ryan

Publications and source records attributed to L Ryan.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

CT of sacroiliitis.

Sacroiliitis is often difficult to diagnose with certainty using conventional radiographs and radionuclide scanning. Computed tomography was used to study the sacroiliac joints in 20 consecutive patients clinically suspected of having sacroiliitis on initial evaluation. Of these 20 patients, 17 fulfilled conventional clinical criteria for sacroiliitis; computed tomography demonstrated changes of sacroiliitis in 12 of these 17 patients. CT revealed no changes of sacroiliitis in the three patients who failed to meet conventional clinical criteria for sacroiliitis. Conventional radiography demonstrated diagnostic changes of sacroiliitis in only five patients. Seven patients with CT changes of sacroiliitis had equivocal or negative conventional films. CT therefore seems superior to conventional radiography in detecting sacroiliitis.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1981

Traps to control and estimate populations of Glossina species.

Biconical traps were used to capture continuously Glossina palpalis s.l. in Ivory Coast and G. morsitans centralis in Zambia for 19 and 20 days respectively. Both fly populations declined markedly during the continuous trapping period though populations subjected to intermittent trapping or where the traps were very widely spaced did not do so to the same extent. Fly density was estimated by applying the principles of removal trapping and were compared with other trapping studies. The results demonstrated that biconical traps removed 7% of the female component of the population each day and that this 7% removal value was itself a measure of absolute trapping efficiency; providing a novel means of population estimation. The potential of traps to control tsetse and thus break trypanosome transmission cycles or reduce 'challenge' on a self-help basis at the village level is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Differences in rate of wing fray between Glossina species.

Differences exist in the rate of wing fray, as shown by correlation with ovarian age as a time scale, and thus presumably flight activity, for Glossina pallidipes, G. f. fuscipes, G. morsitans, G. tachinoides, G. palpalis s.l. and G. palpalis gambiensis. The wings of females fray more slowly than males for all the above species. Female G. palpalis s.l. in the forest habitat of Ivory Coast seem on this basis to be considerably less active than other flies considered. G. p. gambiensis females are more active in the dry season, than the wet season in Upper Volta, as judged by wing fray and this is the first time a seasonal viration in rate of wing fray has been observed as far as we are aware.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Down syndrome and thyroid function in adults.

Thyroid function has been studied in 11 middle-aged and elderly subjects with proven Down syndrome. Unequivaocal biochemical evidence of hypothyroidism was found in 6, and of thyrotoxicosis in 1. It is concluded that, in contrast to the situation in children with Down syndrome, thyroid dysfunction is exceedingly common in adults with the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Bangla Desh diary.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Developing Countries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multivariate linear mixed models for multiple outcomes.

We propose a multivariate linear mixed (MLMM) for the analysis of multiple outcomes, which generalizes the latent variable model of Sammel and Ryan. The proposed model assumes a flexible correlation structure among the multiple outcomes, and allows a global test of the impact of exposure across outcomes. In contrast to the Sammel-Ryan model, the MLMM separates the mean and correlation parameters so that the mean estimation will remain reasonably robust even if the correlation is misspecified. The model is applied to birth defects data, where continuous data on the size of infants who were exposed to anticonvulsant medications in utero are compared to controls.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cocaine abuse in pregnancy: effects on the fetus and newborn.

The outcome of infants born to cocaine-using drug dependent women was compared to that of infants of non-cocaine using drug dependent and non-drug dependent women. The study population included 150 pregnant women: 50 women used heroin and methadone plus cocaine, 50 used heroin and methadone minus cocaine, and 50 were non-drug dependent women. Significant differences were found between the cocaine and drug-free groups in infant birth weight, length, head circumference and Apgar scores, with the cocaine group having lower values for each variable. Average gestational age did not vary between the 3 groups. The cocaine group included 1 spontaneous abortion and 4 fetal deaths; non-cocaine drug dependent women had 2 fetal deaths, with none in the control group. Mean abstinence scores for 19 of the physiological and behavioral parameters were lower in the cocaine group than in the non-cocaine drug dependent women with the exception of vomiting and convulsions. These data suggest that: (1) infants born to drug dependent women have a poorer general outcome than those born to non-drug dependent women; (2) maternal cocaine use does not appear to increase the incidence of severe neonatal abstinence symptomatology; (3) pregnancies complicated by cocaine abuse have a greater chance for fetal loss resulting from both spontaneous abortions and fetal death; (4) infants born to cocaine abusing women had infants with decreased birth weight, head circumference, length and Apgar scores.

Cocaine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of colour Doppler imaging of orbital vessels in elderly compared with young adult patients.

PURPOSE: Colour Doppler imaging provides an estimate of the velocity of blood flow in vessels supplying the eye. METHODS: To assess changes in orbital blood flow with age, we used a method to study peak systolic velocity in 20 young normal patients, mean age 25.2+/-2.4 years and 30 elderly normal patients, mean age 69.5+/-7.9 years. RESULTS: Peak systolic velocity was significantly higher in the central retinal artery and the temporal division of the posterior ciliary artery in elderly patients. There was greater variation in the peak systolic velocity readings in the distal part of the ophthalmic artery in the elderly than in the younger group. There was greater variation in the pulsatility index in the central retinal artery in young subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Though not large, these differences suggest changes in the orbital blood vessels with age which could affect the development of disease processes in elderly patients. These changes should be taken into account when assessing blood flow in elderly patients.

Adult↗